Ebook: Seismic Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Structures

In the past, facilities considered to be at the end of their useful life were demolished and replaced with new ones that better met the functional requirements of modern society, including new safety standards. Humankind has recently recognised the threats to the environment and to our limited natural resources due to our relentless determination to destroy the old and build anew. With the awareness of these constraints and the emphasis on sustainability, in future the majority of old structures will be retrofitted to extend their service life as long as feasible. In keeping with this new approach, the EU’s Construction Products Regulation 305/2011, which is the basis of the Eurocodes, included the sustainable use of resources as an "Essential Requirement" for construction. So, the forthcoming second generation of EN-Eurocodes will cover not only the design of new structures, but the rehabilitation of existing ones as well.
Most of the existing building stock and civil infrastructures are seismically deficient. When the time comes for a decision to prolong their service life with the help of structural and architectural upgrading, seismic retrofitting may be needed. Further, it is often decided to enhance the earthquake resistance of facilities that still meet their functional requirements and fulfil their purpose, if they are not earthquake-safe. In order to decide how badly a structure needs seismic upgrading or to prioritise it in a population of structures, a seismic evaluation is needed, which also serves as a guide for the extent and type of strengthening. Seismic codes do not sufficiently cover the delicate phase of seismic evaluation nor the many potential technical options for seismic upgrading; therefore research is on-going and the state-of-the-art is constantly evolving. All the more so as seismic evaluation and rehabilitation demand considerable expertise, to make best use of the available safety margins in the existing structure, to adapt the engineering capabilities and techniques at hand to the particularities of a project, to minimise disruption of use, etc. Further, as old structures are very diverse in terms of their materials and layout, seismic retrofitting does not lend itself to straightforward codified procedures or cook-book approaches. As such, seismic evaluation and rehabilitation need the best that the current state-of-the-art can offer on all aspects of earthquake engineering. This volume serves this need, as it gathers the most recent research of top seismic experts from around the world on seismic evaluation, retrofitting and closely related subjects.

---

In the past, facilities considered to be at the end of their useful life were demolished and replaced with new ones that better met the functional requirements of modern society, including new safety standards. Humankind has recently recognised the threats to the environment and to our limited natural resources due to our relentless determination to destroy the old and build anew. With the awareness of these constraints and the emphasis on sustainability, in future the majority of old structures will be retrofitted to extend their service life as long as feasible. In keeping with this new approach, the EU’s Construction Products Regulation 305/2011, which is the basis of the Eurocodes, included the sustainable use of resources as an "Essential Requirement" for construction. So, the forthcoming second generation of EN-Eurocodes will cover not only the design of new structures, but the rehabilitation of existing ones as well.
Most of the existing building stock and civil infrastructures are seismically deficient. When the time comes for a decision to prolong their service life with the help of structural and architectural upgrading, seismic retrofitting may be needed. Further, it is often decided to enhance the earthquake resistance of facilities that still meet their functional requirements and fulfil their purpose, if they are not earthquake-safe. In order to decide how badly a structure needs seismic upgrading or to prioritise it in a population of structures, a seismic evaluation is needed, which also serves as a guide for the extent and type of strengthening. Seismic codes do not sufficiently cover the delicate phase of seismic evaluation nor the many potential technical options for seismic upgrading; therefore research is on-going and the state-of-the-art is constantly evolving. All the more so as seismic evaluation and rehabilitation demand considerable expertise, to make best use of the available safety margins in the existing structure, to adapt the engineering capabilities and techniques at hand to the particularities of a project, to minimise disruption of use, etc. Further, as old structures are very diverse in terms of their materials and layout, seismic retrofitting does not lend itself to straightforward codified procedures or cook-book approaches. As such, seismic evaluation and rehabilitation need the best that the current state-of-the-art can offer on all aspects of earthquake engineering. This volume serves this need, as it gathers the most recent research of top seismic experts from around the world on seismic evaluation, retrofitting and closely related subjects.

---

In the past, facilities considered to be at the end of their useful life were demolished and replaced with new ones that better met the functional requirements of modern society, including new safety standards. Humankind has recently recognised the threats to the environment and to our limited natural resources due to our relentless determination to destroy the old and build anew. With the awareness of these constraints and the emphasis on sustainability, in future the majority of old structures will be retrofitted to extend their service life as long as feasible. In keeping with this new approach, the EU’s Construction Products Regulation 305/2011, which is the basis of the Eurocodes, included the sustainable use of resources as an "Essential Requirement" for construction. So, the forthcoming second generation of EN-Eurocodes will cover not only the design of new structures, but the rehabilitation of existing ones as well.
Most of the existing building stock and civil infrastructures are seismically deficient. When the time comes for a decision to prolong their service life with the help of structural and architectural upgrading, seismic retrofitting may be needed. Further, it is often decided to enhance the earthquake resistance of facilities that still meet their functional requirements and fulfil their purpose, if they are not earthquake-safe. In order to decide how badly a structure needs seismic upgrading or to prioritise it in a population of structures, a seismic evaluation is needed, which also serves as a guide for the extent and type of strengthening. Seismic codes do not sufficiently cover the delicate phase of seismic evaluation nor the many potential technical options for seismic upgrading; therefore research is on-going and the state-of-the-art is constantly evolving. All the more so as seismic evaluation and rehabilitation demand considerable expertise, to make best use of the available safety margins in the existing structure, to adapt the engineering capabilities and techniques at hand to the particularities of a project, to minimise disruption of use, etc. Further, as old structures are very diverse in terms of their materials and layout, seismic retrofitting does not lend itself to straightforward codified procedures or cook-book approaches. As such, seismic evaluation and rehabilitation need the best that the current state-of-the-art can offer on all aspects of earthquake engineering. This volume serves this need, as it gathers the most recent research of top seismic experts from around the world on seismic evaluation, retrofitting and closely related subjects.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xix
Surrealism in Facing the Earthquake Risk....Pages 1-13
Rapid Seismic Assessment Procedures for the Turkish Building Stock....Pages 15-35
Post-Earthquake Risk-Based Decision Making Methodology for Turkish School Buildings....Pages 37-45
Proposed Vulnerability Functions to Estimate the Real Damage State of RC Buildings After Major Turkish Earthquakes....Pages 47-60
Probabilistic Path Finding Method for Post-Disaster Risk Estimation....Pages 61-76
Seismic Behavior of Thin-Bed Layered Unreinforced Clay Masonry Shear Walls Including Soundproofing Elements....Pages 77-93
Assessing Seismic Vulnerability of Unreinforced Masonry Walls Using Elasto-Plastic Damage Model....Pages 95-114
Implementation of Experimentally Developed Methodology for Seismic Strengthening and Repair of Historic Monuments....Pages 115-154
Shaking Table Tests of a Full-Scale Two-Storey Pre-Damaged Natural Stone Building Retrofitted with the Multi-Axial Hybrid Textile System “Eq-Grid”....Pages 155-169
Application of Mesh Reinforced Mortar for Performance Enhancement of Hollow Clay Tile Infill Walls....Pages 171-186
Shake Table Tests on Deficient RC Buildings Strengthened Using Post-Tensioned Metal Straps....Pages 187-202
Bond Strength of Lap Splices in FRP and TRM Confined Concrete: Behavior and Design....Pages 203-219
Finite Element Modeling of Seismic Performance of Low Strength Concrete Exterior Beam-Column Joints....Pages 221-242
FRP Local Retrofit of Non-Conforming RC Beam-Column Joints....Pages 243-260
Seismic Rehabilitation of Concrete Buildings by Converting Frame Bays into RC Walls....Pages 261-280
Pseudo-Dynamic Tests of 4-Storey Non-Ductile Frames with RC Infilling of the Bay....Pages 281-301
RC Infilling of Existing RC Structures for Seismic Retrofitting....Pages 303-328
Hybrid Control of a 3-D Structure by Using Semi-Active Dampers....Pages 329-340
Substructure Pseudo-Dynamic Tests on Seismic Response Control of Soft-First-Story Buildings....Pages 341-354
Towards Robust Behavioral Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Members....Pages 355-377
Earthquake Engineering Experimental Facility for Research and Public Outreach....Pages 379-387
Physical Modeling for the Evaluation of the Seismic Behavior of Square Tunnels....Pages 389-406
Susceptibility of Shallow Foundation to Rocking and Sliding Movements During Seismic Loading....Pages 407-424
Centrifuge Modeling of Liquefaction Effects on Shallow Foundations....Pages 425-440
Stability Control of Rafted Pile Foundation Against Soil Liquefaction....Pages 441-453
Experimental Assessment of Seismic Pile-Soil Interaction....Pages 455-475
Experimental Investigation of Dynamic Behavior of Cantilever Retaining Walls....Pages 477-493
Back Matter....Pages 495-497