Ebook: The Tumor Immunoenvironment

Analysis of multidirectional immunological responses at the tumor site allows forming a new concept of The Tumor Immunoenvironment, which is introduced and discussed in the present book with a particular focus on the role of immune cells in controlling the tumor microenvironment at different stages of cancer development. The main goal of this publication is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the complex and unique role of the immune system, tumor-associated inflammation and tumor-mediated immunomodulation in cancer progression in a way that allows understanding the logistics of cellular and molecular interactions in the tumor lesions.

---

Interaction between malignant cells and their surrounding tissue plays a crucial role in tumor growth, invasiveness and spreading to the distant organs. New findings provide evidence of a principal importance of the immune cells for controlling this interaction and orchestrating multiple events in the tumor microenvironment. The balance between immune cells that support tumor progression and immune cells that sustain tumor-controlling immune surveillance is tightly regulated by various factors originated from both the malignant and non-cancerous cells in the tumor microenvironment. Analysis of multidirectional immunological responses at the tumor site allows forming a new concept of The Tumor ImmunoEnvironment, which is introduced and discussed in the present book with a particular focus on the role of immune cells in controlling the tumor microenvironment at different stages of cancer development. The main goal of this publication is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the complex and unique role of the immune system, tumor-associated inflammation and tumor-mediated immunomodulation in cancer progression in a way that allows understanding the logistics of cellular and molecular interactions in the tumor lesions. Moreover, it is discussed how these interactions evolve during cancer progression and in response to different kinds of anticancer therapy. It is anticipated that the book will attract many researchers and clinicians in the field of basic and applied tumor immunobiology and open new opportunities for collaborative programs aiming at the development of effective and feasible therapeutic approaches to cancer treatment.

---

Interaction between malignant cells and their surrounding tissue plays a crucial role in tumor growth, invasiveness and spreading to the distant organs. New findings provide evidence of a principal importance of the immune cells for controlling this interaction and orchestrating multiple events in the tumor microenvironment. The balance between immune cells that support tumor progression and immune cells that sustain tumor-controlling immune surveillance is tightly regulated by various factors originated from both the malignant and non-cancerous cells in the tumor microenvironment. Analysis of multidirectional immunological responses at the tumor site allows forming a new concept of The Tumor ImmunoEnvironment, which is introduced and discussed in the present book with a particular focus on the role of immune cells in controlling the tumor microenvironment at different stages of cancer development. The main goal of this publication is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the complex and unique role of the immune system, tumor-associated inflammation and tumor-mediated immunomodulation in cancer progression in a way that allows understanding the logistics of cellular and molecular interactions in the tumor lesions. Moreover, it is discussed how these interactions evolve during cancer progression and in response to different kinds of anticancer therapy. It is anticipated that the book will attract many researchers and clinicians in the field of basic and applied tumor immunobiology and open new opportunities for collaborative programs aiming at the development of effective and feasible therapeutic approaches to cancer treatment.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xvi
Front Matter....Pages 13-13
Tumor Infiltration by Immune Cells: Pathologic Evaluation and a Clinical Significance....Pages 15-38
Immunologic Interpretation of Cancer Biology: Impact on Clinical Outcome....Pages 39-82
Front Matter....Pages 83-104
Development of Antitumor Cellular Immunity....Pages 105-105
The Versatile World of Inflammatory Chemokines in Cancer....Pages 107-133
Inflammation, Tumor Progression, and Immune Suppression....Pages 135-175
Pleiotropic and Differential Functions of IL-1? and IL-1? Shape the Tumor Microenvironment and Affect the Outcome of Malignancies....Pages 177-196
Impact of Obesity and Aging on the Tumor Immuno-Environment....Pages 197-222
Front Matter....Pages 223-250
MHC Class I Antigens and the Tumor Microenvironment....Pages 251-251
Tumor-Produced Immune Regulating Factors....Pages 253-286
Roles of Signaling Pathways in Cancer Cells and Immune Cells in Generation of Immunosuppressive Tumor-Associated Microenvironments....Pages 287-306
T Cell Mulfunction in the Tumor Environment....Pages 307-323
Signaling of Tumor-Induced Immunosuppression of Dendritic Cells....Pages 325-338
Tumor Microenvironment may Shape the Function and Phenotype of NK Cells Through the Induction of Split Anergy and Generation of Regulatory NK Cells....Pages 339-360
Front Matter....Pages 361-381
The Role of Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells in Cancer....Pages 383-383
Macrophage Differentiation and Activation States in the Tumor Microenvironment....Pages 385-404
Dendritic Cells and Cancer: Development, Dysfunction and Therapeutic Targets....Pages 405-430
The Role of Tumor Associated Neutrophils in Cancer....Pages 431-455
Mast Cell Modulation of the Tumor Microenvironment....Pages 457-478
Role of the Immunological Environment in Cancer Initiation, Development and Progression....Pages 479-509
Front Matter....Pages 1-12
Regulatory T Cells in Patients with Cancer....Pages 383-383
Tumor-Evoked Regulatory B Cells as Important Mediators of Cancer Escape....Pages 511-523
Front Matter....Pages 525-546
Cancer Immunotherapy: Overview in Brief....Pages 547-547
Programming of MDSC: New Opportunities for Targeted Therapy....Pages 549-565
Therapeutic Targeting Regulatory T Cells in Tumor....Pages 567-584
ChemoImmunoModulation: Focus on Myeloid Regulatory Cells....Pages 585-602
Combining Vaccines with Therapies that Render Tumor Cells more Susceptible to Immune Mediated Killing....Pages 603-619
Prophylactic Cancer Vaccines....Pages 621-642
Front Matter....Pages 643-660
Approaches to Immunologic Monitoring of Clinical Trials....Pages 661-661
Evaluation of the Tumor Immunoenvironment in Clinical Trials....Pages 663-694
Analysis of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Patients with Cancer....Pages 695-706
When Results of T cell Immune Monitoring Match/Do Not Match Clinical Outcomes of Tumor Vaccine Trials: What More Could and Should We Measure?....Pages 707-723
Back Matter....Pages 725-740
....Pages 741-745