Ebook: Studies on Renal Disorders

Conditions such as oxidative stress and hypoxia, which have a generalized impact on the oxygen metabolism, have been implicated in the genesis of kidney disease. This means that deepening our understanding of the pathobiology of oxygen metabolism in such diseases could be a fruitful path towards tangible clinical benefits. Studies in Renal Disorder collects reviews from leading researchers and clinical scientists working in exactly this field, providing an overview of the latest advances. The causal role of impaired oxygen metabolism in kidney disease has numerous clinical implications. It affects our understanding of the therapeutic benefits accruing from anti-hypertensive agents; the way we control hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia; and our use of dietary approaches to the correction of obesity. The defensive mechanisms against oxidative stress, such as the Nrf2-Keap1 system, and hypoxia, such as the PHD-HIF system, have recently been explored in various cells, including kidney cells. These mechanisms include intracellular sensors for oxidative stress and hypoxia. This means that novel approaches targeting these sensors may offer clinical benefits in kidney disease in which oxidative stress and/or hypoxia is a final, common pathway.

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Conditions such as oxidative stress and hypoxia, which have a generalized impact on the oxygen metabolism, have been implicated in the genesis of kidney disease. This means that deepening our understanding of the pathobiology of oxygen metabolism in such diseases could be a fruitful path towards tangible clinical benefits. Studies in Renal Disorder collects reviews from leading researchers and clinical scientists working in exactly this field, providing an overview of the latest advances. The causal role of impaired oxygen metabolism in kidney disease has numerous clinical implications. It affects our understanding of the therapeutic benefits accruing from anti-hypertensive agents; the way we control hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia; and our use of dietary approaches to the correction of obesity. The defensive mechanisms against oxidative stress, such as the Nrf2-Keap1 system, and hypoxia, such as the PHD-HIF system, have recently been explored in various cells, including kidney cells. These mechanisms include intracellular sensors for oxidative stress and hypoxia. This means that novel approaches targeting these sensors may offer clinical benefits in kidney disease in which oxidative stress and/or hypoxia is a final, common pathway.

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Conditions such as oxidative stress and hypoxia, which have a generalized impact on the oxygen metabolism, have been implicated in the genesis of kidney disease. This means that deepening our understanding of the pathobiology of oxygen metabolism in such diseases could be a fruitful path towards tangible clinical benefits. Studies in Renal Disorder collects reviews from leading researchers and clinical scientists working in exactly this field, providing an overview of the latest advances. The causal role of impaired oxygen metabolism in kidney disease has numerous clinical implications. It affects our understanding of the therapeutic benefits accruing from anti-hypertensive agents; the way we control hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia; and our use of dietary approaches to the correction of obesity. The defensive mechanisms against oxidative stress, such as the Nrf2-Keap1 system, and hypoxia, such as the PHD-HIF system, have recently been explored in various cells, including kidney cells. These mechanisms include intracellular sensors for oxidative stress and hypoxia. This means that novel approaches targeting these sensors may offer clinical benefits in kidney disease in which oxidative stress and/or hypoxia is a final, common pathway.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xviii
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Oxidative Stress Injury in Glomerular Mesangium....Pages 3-23
Transition Metals and Other Forms of Oxidative Protein Damage in Renal Disease....Pages 25-50
Cyclooxygenase in the Kidney and Oxidative Stress....Pages 51-69
Renin-Angiotensin System in the Kidney and Oxidative Stress: Local Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System and NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Oxidative Stress in the Kidney....Pages 71-91
Thiamine in Diabetic Renal Disease: Dietary Insufficiency, Renal Washout, Antistress Gene Response, Therapeutic Supplements, Risk Predictor, and Link to Genetic Susceptibility....Pages 93-104
Novel Members of the Globin Family and Their Function Against Oxidative Stress....Pages 105-117
Front Matter....Pages 119-119
Hypertension....Pages 121-142
Uric Acid and Oxidative Stress....Pages 143-159
Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species, Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress, and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Acute Kidney Injury....Pages 161-177
Oxidative Stress in the Kidney: Proximal Tubule Disorders....Pages 179-203
Iron Metabolism and Oxidative Stress....Pages 205-228
Hypoxia, Oxidative Stress, and the Pathophysiology of Contrast-Media-Induced Nephropathy....Pages 229-256
Cardiovascular Complications in Renal Failure: Implications of Advanced Glycation End Products and Their Receptor RAGE....Pages 257-292
Infection and the Kidney....Pages 293-304
Oxidative/Carbonyl Stress in the Renal Circulation and Cardiovascular Renal Injury....Pages 305-320
Front Matter....Pages 321-321
The Renin Angiotensin System....Pages 323-335
Oxidative Stress in Kidney Injury: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-? Agonists Are in Control....Pages 337-350
Current Therapy Targeting Oxidative Stress: Statin....Pages 351-366
Advanced Glycation End Products Inhibitor....Pages 367-388
Front Matter....Pages 389-406
Involvement of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 in Physiological and Pathological Responses to Continuous and Intermittent Hypoxia: Role of Reactive Oxygen Species....Pages 407-407
Regulation of Oxygen Homeostasis by Prolyl Hydroxylase Domains....Pages 409-418
Oxygen-Dependent Regulation of Erythropoiesis....Pages 419-436
Intricate Link between Hypoxia and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease....Pages 437-463
RNA Interference and the Regulation of Renal Gene Expression in Hypoxia....Pages 465-477
Front Matter....Pages 479-496
Cardio-Renal Connection: The Role of Hypoxia and Oxidative Stress....Pages 497-497
Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in Acute Kidney Injury: From Pathophysiology to a Novel Approach of Organ Protection....Pages 499-533
Hypoxia in Chronic Kidney Disease: The Final Common Pathway to End Stage Renal Disease....Pages 535-544
Oxidative Stress and Hypoxia in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy....Pages 545-557
Estimation of Kidney Oxygenation by Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent Magnetic Resonance Imaging....Pages 559-586
Anemia and Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease....Pages 587-609
Front Matter....Pages 611-630
Novel Therapeutic Approaches Against Oxidative Stress and Hypoxia, Targeting Intracellular Sensor Molecules for Oxygen and Oxidative Stress....Pages 631-631
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress as a Target of Therapy Against Oxidative Stress and Hypoxia....Pages 633-656
Stem Cell Therapy Against Oxidative Stress and Hypoxia....Pages 657-672
Back Matter....Pages 673-687
....Pages 689-783