Ebook: Advanced Science and Technology for Biological Decontamination of Sites Affected by Chemical and Radiological Nuclear Agents
- Tags: Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology, Waste Management/Waste Technology, Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution, Plant Sciences, Microbiology
- Series: NATO Science Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences 75
- Year: 2007
- Publisher: Springer Netherlands
- Edition: 1
- Language: English
- pdf
Pollution of soils and waters by human activities is an important and widespread problem. This pollution by, organic and inorganic substances can affect individual organisms, human populations, and ecosystems, each in its own unique way. In particular former military installations, often used for weapons production and nuclear power plants represent a ongoing and substantial threat to environment and human health because of the specific pollutants that can be released: Solvents, explosives, fuels, radionuclides, heavy metals, and metalloids all have been identified in the environment around these installations. Remediation technologies for these contaminated sites have been developed based on conventional systems utilising physical and chemical treatments, such as excavation and incineration, pump-and-treat methods, ultraviolet oxidation, soil washing, etc. These approaches are usually very expensive, and can involve the removal of large amounts of soil or water, which often leads to resources depletion and limitation in the future utilisation of the site. Recently, new decontamination approaches, based on living organisms, in particular micro-organisms and plants, have been researched and developed as a more sustainable alternative because they have lower costs, reduced environmental impacts, and increased public acceptance. Development of biological decontamination techniques has been carried out in several laboratories and research institutions worldwide, and practical applications on contaminated sites have been recorded in several countries. In the USA and Canada several commercial companies have been utilizing these approaches for years, alongside conventional techniques, with great success:; a good examples can be found is in the U. S.
This book presents a comprehensive and integrated approach toward solving the ever growing problem of soil and water contamination by radioactive and chemical wastes from military facilities, weapons industries, and weapons storage.
Plant and microbial biotechnology have been proven viable low-cost approaches to monitor, tackle, and solve broad pollution issues. Field trials, macrocosms, microcosms, and laboratory scale experiments are described to explain how to deal with wastes, different in chemical type, concentration, area of concern, and substrates they affect.
Description of actual examples of phytoremediation fields, bioremediation plants, and constructed wetlands provide a framework for the application of these techniques to new applications and emphasize the factors that are significant to developing effective treatments.
This book presents a comprehensive and integrated approach toward solving the ever growing problem of soil and water contamination by radioactive and chemical wastes from military facilities, weapons industries, and weapons storage.
Plant and microbial biotechnology have been proven viable low-cost approaches to monitor, tackle, and solve broad pollution issues. Field trials, macrocosms, microcosms, and laboratory scale experiments are described to explain how to deal with wastes, different in chemical type, concentration, area of concern, and substrates they affect.
Description of actual examples of phytoremediation fields, bioremediation plants, and constructed wetlands provide a framework for the application of these techniques to new applications and emphasize the factors that are significant to developing effective treatments.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XVIII
Front Matter....Pages I-XVIII
METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH TO ENVIRONMENTAL SITE INVESTIGATIONS OF LARGE INDUSTRIAL SITES IN ORDER TO OBTAIN OPTIMAL COST/BENEFIT RATIOS: CASE STUDY OF THE ISAB – ERG PETROLI REFINERY AT PRIOLO GARGALLO (SR), ITALY....Pages 3-13
RADIATION CONTAMINATION OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS INVESTIGATION: FIELD EXPERIMENTS, MODELING AND SIMULATION....Pages 15-44
RISK ASSESSMENT AND REMEDIATION OF MILITARY AND AMMUNITION SITES....Pages 45-57
Front Matter....Pages I-XVIII
MICROBIAL SYSTEMS FOR IN-SITU SOIL AND GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION....Pages 61-77
PLANT TAXONOMY FOR PHYTOREMEDIATION....Pages 79-88
GENETIC VARIABILITY AND GENETIC ENGINEERING IN PHYTOREMEDIATION....Pages 89-108
Front Matter....Pages I-XVIII
DECHLORINATION OF CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS BY ZERO-VALENT IRON NANO-PARTICLES....Pages 111-118
REMEDIATION ALTERNATIVES ON HIGH TOXICITY AND DANGEROUS SITES....Pages 119-138
FROM LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS TO LARGE SCALE APPLICATION – AN EXAMPLE OF THE PHYTOREMEDIATION OF RADIONUCLIDES....Pages 139-158
PHYTOREMEDIATION – SOME CASE STUDIES CONDUCTED AT WAU....Pages 159-175
MANAGEMENT OF PASSIVE BIOLOGICAL WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS FOR MINE EFFLUENTS....Pages 177-195
LESSONS FROM THE WASTEWATER FIELD....Pages 197-208
PHYTOREMEDIATION OF EXPLOSIVES....Pages 209-225
Front Matter....Pages I-XVIII
GERMAN LAW FOR THE PREVENTION, IDENTIFICATION, INVESTIGATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND REMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED SITES AND HARMFUL SOIL CHANGES....Pages 229-256
THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN THE MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND CCMS NATO WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF NRC CCMS....Pages 257-258
Back Matter....Pages 259-266
This book presents a comprehensive and integrated approach toward solving the ever growing problem of soil and water contamination by radioactive and chemical wastes from military facilities, weapons industries, and weapons storage.
Plant and microbial biotechnology have been proven viable low-cost approaches to monitor, tackle, and solve broad pollution issues. Field trials, macrocosms, microcosms, and laboratory scale experiments are described to explain how to deal with wastes, different in chemical type, concentration, area of concern, and substrates they affect.
Description of actual examples of phytoremediation fields, bioremediation plants, and constructed wetlands provide a framework for the application of these techniques to new applications and emphasize the factors that are significant to developing effective treatments.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XVIII
Front Matter....Pages I-XVIII
METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH TO ENVIRONMENTAL SITE INVESTIGATIONS OF LARGE INDUSTRIAL SITES IN ORDER TO OBTAIN OPTIMAL COST/BENEFIT RATIOS: CASE STUDY OF THE ISAB – ERG PETROLI REFINERY AT PRIOLO GARGALLO (SR), ITALY....Pages 3-13
RADIATION CONTAMINATION OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS INVESTIGATION: FIELD EXPERIMENTS, MODELING AND SIMULATION....Pages 15-44
RISK ASSESSMENT AND REMEDIATION OF MILITARY AND AMMUNITION SITES....Pages 45-57
Front Matter....Pages I-XVIII
MICROBIAL SYSTEMS FOR IN-SITU SOIL AND GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION....Pages 61-77
PLANT TAXONOMY FOR PHYTOREMEDIATION....Pages 79-88
GENETIC VARIABILITY AND GENETIC ENGINEERING IN PHYTOREMEDIATION....Pages 89-108
Front Matter....Pages I-XVIII
DECHLORINATION OF CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS BY ZERO-VALENT IRON NANO-PARTICLES....Pages 111-118
REMEDIATION ALTERNATIVES ON HIGH TOXICITY AND DANGEROUS SITES....Pages 119-138
FROM LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS TO LARGE SCALE APPLICATION – AN EXAMPLE OF THE PHYTOREMEDIATION OF RADIONUCLIDES....Pages 139-158
PHYTOREMEDIATION – SOME CASE STUDIES CONDUCTED AT WAU....Pages 159-175
MANAGEMENT OF PASSIVE BIOLOGICAL WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS FOR MINE EFFLUENTS....Pages 177-195
LESSONS FROM THE WASTEWATER FIELD....Pages 197-208
PHYTOREMEDIATION OF EXPLOSIVES....Pages 209-225
Front Matter....Pages I-XVIII
GERMAN LAW FOR THE PREVENTION, IDENTIFICATION, INVESTIGATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND REMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED SITES AND HARMFUL SOIL CHANGES....Pages 229-256
THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN THE MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND CCMS NATO WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF NRC CCMS....Pages 257-258
Back Matter....Pages 259-266
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