Ebook: Doubled Haploid Production in Crop Plants: A Manual

The production of doubled haploids has become a necessary tool in advanced plant breeding institutes and commercial companies for breeding many crop species. However, the development of new, more efficient and cheaper large scale production protocols has meant that doubled haploids are also recently being applied in less advanced breeding programmes. This Manual was prepared to stimulate the wider use of this technology for speeding and opening up new breeding possibilities for many crops including some woody tree species. Since the construction of genetic maps using molecular markers requires the development of segregating doubled haploid populations in numerous crop species, we hope that this Manual will also help molecular biologists in establishing such mapping populations. For many years, both the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) have supported and coordinated research that focuses on development of more efficient doubled haploid production methods and their applications in breeding of new varieties and basic research through their Plant Breeding and Genetics Section of the Joint F AO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture. The first F AO/IAEA scientific network (Coordinated Research Programme - CRP) dealing with doubled haploids was initiated by the Plant Breeding and Genetics Section in 1986.

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This is the first manual presenting a set of protocols for production of doubled haploids (DH) in 22 major crop plant species including 4 tree species. It contains various protocols and approaches of DH production proven for different germplasm of the same species. The protocols describe in detail all steps of DH production - from donor plants growth conditions, through in vitro procedures, media composition and preparation, to regeneration of haploid plants and chromosome doubling methods. The users of this manual will be able to choose among microspore versus anther cultures, wide hybridisation or gynogenesis, the most suitable method for production of DH in particular laboratory conditions for their plant material. Numerous colour illustrations should help in this decision.

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This is the first manual presenting a set of protocols for production of doubled haploids (DH) in 22 major crop plant species including 4 tree species. It contains various protocols and approaches of DH production proven for different germplasm of the same species. The protocols describe in detail all steps of DH production - from donor plants growth conditions, through in vitro procedures, media composition and preparation, to regeneration of haploid plants and chromosome doubling methods. The users of this manual will be able to choose among microspore versus anther cultures, wide hybridisation or gynogenesis, the most suitable method for production of DH in particular laboratory conditions for their plant material. Numerous colour illustrations should help in this decision.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages N1-xlvi
Production of doubled haploids in crop plants. An introduction....Pages 1-4
Doubled haploid production in barley using the Hordeum bulbosum (L.) technique....Pages 5-14
The Hordeum bulbosum (L.) method....Pages 15-19
Anther culture in barley....Pages 21-27
Barley anther culture....Pages 29-34
Anther culture for doubled haploid production in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)....Pages 35-42
Barley isolated microspore culture protocol....Pages 43-47
Barley isolated microspore culture (IMC) method....Pages 49-52
Doubled haploid production in wheat through wide hybridization....Pages 53-58
Protocol for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) anther culture....Pages 59-64
Wheat anther culture....Pages 65-70
Haploid wheat isolated microspore culture protocol....Pages 71-76
Production of doubled haploids in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through microspore embryogenesis triggered by inducer chemicals....Pages 77-81
Isolated microspore culture in maize (Zea mays L.), production of doubled-haploids via induced androgenesis....Pages 83-94
Anther culture of maize (Zea mays L.)....Pages 95-102
Laboratory protocol for anther culture technique in rice....Pages 103-108
Triticale anther culture....Pages 109-116
Protocol for anther culture in hexaploid triticale (x Triticosecale Wittm.)....Pages 117-121
Protocol of triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) microspore culture....Pages 123-128
Protocol for doubled haploid production in hexaploid triticale (x Triticosecale Wittm.) by crosses with maize....Pages 129-134
Protocol for rye anther culture....Pages 135-140
Microspore culture of rye....Pages 141-149
Oat haploids from wide hybridization....Pages 151-154
Haploid and doubled haploid production in durum wheat by wide hybridization....Pages 155-159
Haploid and doubled haploid production in durum wheat by anther culture....Pages 161-166
Anther culture and isolated microspore culture in timothy....Pages 167-172
Doubled haploid induction in ryegrass and other grasses....Pages 173-177
Microspore culture in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)....Pages 179-183
Protocol for broccoli microspore culture....Pages 185-193
Microspore culture of Brassica species....Pages 195-204
Protocol for microspore culture in Brassica....Pages 205-215
Anther and microspore culture in tobacco....Pages 217-222
Haploid production of potatoes by anther culture....Pages 223-228
Anther culture through direct embryogenesis in a genetically diverse range of potato (Solanum) species and their interspecific and intergeneric hybrids....Pages 229-234
Potato haploid technologies....Pages 235-240
Anther culture of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)....Pages 241-247
Doubled haploid production of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)....Pages 249-254
Asparagus microspore and anther culture....Pages 255-263
Haploid induction in onion via gynogenesis....Pages 265-273
Doubled haploid production in poplar....Pages 275-279
Oak anther culture....Pages 281-285
Haploids and doubled haploids in Citrus ssp.....Pages 287-292
Published doubled haploid protocols in plant species....Pages 293-296
Doubled haploids in breeding....Pages 297-301
Doubled haploid mutant production....Pages 303-307
Barley microspore transformation protocol by biolistic gun....Pages 309-335
Doubled haploids in genetic mapping and genomics....Pages 337-349
Cytogenetic tests for ploidy level analyses — chromosome counting....Pages 351-361
Ploidy determination using flow cytometry....Pages 363-366
Major media composition....Pages 367-390
Basic equipment for maize microspore culture laboratory....Pages 391-395
Back Matter....Pages 397-403
....Pages 405-413