Ebook: Enzymology and Molecular Biology of Carbonyl Metabolism 7

Prior to the start of the eighth meeting, I had the good sense to ask Professor Rosa Angela Canuto of Turin, Italy if she would help me organize the ninth meeting. She quickly suggested that both she and Dr. Guiliana Muzio, also of Turin, help plan the meet­ ing. Each of our previous eight meetings was a unique experience for the participants. The science was always outstanding and the presentations and discussions were excellent. By moving each meeting to a different part of the world we were able to experience exciting foods and cultural aspects of the world in addition to the science. The ninth meeting was no exception. We met from June 18 to 22 in the small mountain city of Varallo, Italy, the birth place of Dr. Canuto. Holding the scientific sessions in a several-hundred-year-old converted mansion and having an afternoon trip to either Lago Maggiore or Monte Rosa made some aspects of this meeting extremely memorable. An additional unique aspect of the social portion of the meeting was our ability to invite the townspeople to share with us a concert performed in an old church. Though the social and cultural aspects of the meeting were outstanding, the pur­ pose of the meeting was to exchange scientific information about the status of the three enzyme systems.

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This volume contains up-to-date information on aldehyde dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase, short- and medium-chain dehydrogenase, and reductases. Sixty-nine contributions provide a wide variety of information on enzymology, molecular biology, and metabolic aspects of these carbonyl metabolizing oxido-reductases. Much new information is provided, including previously unreported three-dimensional structures of enzymes and new aspects of gene regulation, along with sequence alignments, metabolism and enzyme mechanisms.

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This volume contains up-to-date information on aldehyde dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase, short- and medium-chain dehydrogenase, and reductases. Sixty-nine contributions provide a wide variety of information on enzymology, molecular biology, and metabolic aspects of these carbonyl metabolizing oxido-reductases. Much new information is provided, including previously unreported three-dimensional structures of enzymes and new aspects of gene regulation, along with sequence alignments, metabolism and enzyme mechanisms.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xv
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
The Big Book of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Sequences....Pages 1-7
Reaction-Chemistry-Directed Sequence Alignment of Aldehyde Dehydrogenases....Pages 9-14
Three-Dimensional Structure of Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 15-25
A Structural Explanation for the Retinal Specificity of Class 1 ALDH Enzymes....Pages 27-38
Structure and Function of Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 39-44
Evaluation of the Roles of the Conserved Residues of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 45-52
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Catalytic Mechanism....Pages 53-59
Inhibition of Human Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase by Metabolites of Disulfiram and Structural Characterization of the Enzyme Adduct by HPLC-Tandem Mass Spectrometry....Pages 61-70
Mechanism of Inhibition of Rat Liver Class 2 ALDH by 4-Hydroxynonenal....Pages 71-77
Aldehyde Inhibitors of Aldehyde Dehydrogenases....Pages 79-87
Covalent Modification of Sheep Liver Cytosolic Aldehyde Dehydrogenase by the Oxidative Addition of Coloured Phenoxazine, Phenothiazine and Phenazine Derivatives....Pages 89-96
A Thioester Analogue of an Amino Acetylenic Aldehyde Is A Suicide Inhibitor of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase and an Inducer of Apoptosis in Mouse Lymphoid Cells Overexpressing the bcl2 Gene....Pages 97-106
Reaction between Sheep Liver Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase and A Chromogenic ‘Reporter Group’ Reagent....Pages 107-113
Activity of the Human Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Promoter Is Influenced by the Balance between Activation by Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 and Repression by Perosixome Proliferator Activated Receptor ?, Chicken Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter-Transcription Factor, and Apolipoprotein Regulatory Protein-1....Pages 115-121
?,?-Unsaturated Aldehydes Mediate Inducible Expression of Glutathione S-Transferase in Hepatoma Cells through Activation of the Antioxidant Response Element (ARE)....Pages 123-131
Effect of Arachidonic Acid Alone or with Prooxidant on Aldehyde Dehydrogenases in Hepatoma Cells....Pages 133-142
Prepubertal Regulation of the Rat Dioxin-Inducible Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH3)....Pages 143-150
Effects of Tamoxifen and Toremifene on ALDH1 and ALDH3 in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells and Rat Liver....Pages 151-158
Negative Regulation of Rat Hepatic Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 3 by Glucocorticoids....Pages 159-164
Modulation of Class 3 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Gene Expression....Pages 165-170
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Susceptibility of Hepatoma Cells to Lipid Peroxidation and Adaptation of ALDH 3C Activity to Iron-Induced Oxidative Stress....Pages 171-179
The Lack of AHD4 Induction by TCDD in Corneal Cells May Involve Tissue-Specific Regulatory Proteins....Pages 181-187
Human Corneal and Lens Aldehyde Dehydrogenases....Pages 189-198
The Role of Retinoid Metabolism by Alcohol and Aldehyde Dehydrogenases in Differentiation of Cultured Neuronal Cells....Pages 199-204
Metabolism of Retinaldehyde by Human Liver and Kidney....Pages 205-211
The Hunt for A Retinal-Specific Aldehyde Dehydrogenase in Sheep Liver....Pages 213-221
Cardiac Metabolism of Enals....Pages 223-229
Oxidation of Ethanol to Acetaldehyde in Brain and the Possible Behavioral Consequences....Pages 231-236
Cloning and Expression of a cDNA Encoding a Constitutively Expressed Rat Liver Cytosolic Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 237-241
Characterization of an Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Gene Fragment from Mung Bean (Vigna Radiata) Using the Polymerase Chain Reaction....Pages 243-247
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Gene Superfamily....Pages 249-254
Front Matter....Pages 255-263
Human Alcohol Dehydrogenase Family....Pages 265-265
Dynamics in Alcohol Dehydrogenase Elucidated from Crystallographic Investigations....Pages 265-274
Studies on Variants of Alcohol Dehydrogenases and its Domains....Pages 275-284
Uncompetitive Inhibitors of Alcohol Dehydrogenases....Pages 285-293
Tandem Mass Spectrometry of Alcohol Dehydrogenase and Related Biomolecules....Pages 295-303
Function of Alcohol Dehydrogenase and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Gene Families in Retinoid Signaling....Pages 305-310
Primary Role of Alcohol Dehydrogenase Pathway in Acute Ethanol-Induced Impairment of Protein Kinase C-Dependent Signaling System....Pages 311-319
Class II Alcohol Dehydrogenase....Pages 321-330
Front Matter....Pages 331-338
Zinc Binding Characteristics of the Synthetic Peptide Corresponding to the Structural Zinc Site of Horse Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase....Pages 265-265
Amphibian Alcohol Dehydrogenase....Pages 339-342
Extracellular Acidification: A Novel Detection System for Ligand/Receptor Interactions....Pages 343-350
Front Matter....Pages 351-358
Multiplicity and Complexity of SDR and MDR Enzymes....Pages 359-359
Regulatory Factors and Motifs in SDR Enzymes....Pages 359-364
Bioinformatics in Studies of SDR and MDR Enzymes....Pages 365-371
The Protective Role of 11?-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase/Carbonyl Reductase Against Tobacco-Smoke Related Lung Cancer....Pages 373-377
Structure-Function Relationships of 3?-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases Involved in Bile Acid Metabolism....Pages 379-387
Cloning and Sequencing of a New Comamonas Testosteroni Gene Encoding 3?-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase/Carbonyl Reductase....Pages 389-394
Comparative Properties of Three Pteridine Reductases....Pages 395-402
Effect of Androgen Structures on the Inhibition of Metyraponeinreductase in Rat, Mouse, and Human Liver....Pages 403-410
Front Matter....Pages 411-418
Physiological Relevance of Aldehyde Reductase and Aldose Reductase Gene Expression....Pages 419-419
The Aldo-Keto Reductases and their Role in Cancer....Pages 419-426
Structure-Function Studies of FR-1....Pages 427-434
4-Hydroxynonenal Metabolism by Aldo/Keto Reductase in Hepatoma Cells....Pages 435-443
Interconversion Pathways of Aldose Reductase Induced by Thiol Compounds....Pages 445-452
Aldo-Keto Reductases in Norepinephrine Metabolism....Pages 453-458
Rotamers of Tolrestat and Their Binding Mode to Aldose Reductase....Pages 459-463
Stereoselective High-Affinity Reduction of Ketonic Nortriptyline Metabolites and of Ketotifen by Aldo-Keto Reductases from Human Liver....Pages 465-472
Formation of Lens Aldose Reductase Mixed Disulfides with GSH by UV Irradiation and Its Proteolysis by Lens Calpain....Pages 473-480
Front Matter....Pages 481-486
Inhibition of Aldose Reductase by Gossypol and Gossypol-Related Compounds....Pages 419-419
Inhibition of Human Aldose and Aldehyde Reductases by Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs....Pages 487-492
Regulation of Aldose Reductase by Aldehydes and Nitric Oxide....Pages 493-499
The Cytotoxicity of Methylglyoxal and 3-Deoxyglucosone Is Decreased in the Aldehyde Reductase Gene-Transfected Cells....Pages 501-507
Enzymes Metabolizing Aldehydes in HL-60 Human Leukemic Cells....Pages 509-515
Rat Carbonyl Reductase....Pages 517-522
Cytostatic Drug Resistance....Pages 523-527
Expression of mRNAs for Dihydrodiol Dehydrogenase Isoforms in Human Tissues....Pages 529-538
Alterations in the Expression of Daunorubicin Phase-I Metabolising Enzymes in Different Carcinoma Cell Lines....Pages 539-544
Back Matter....Pages 545-551
....Pages 553-555