Ebook: Enzymology and Molecular Biology of Carbonyl Metabolism 6

Since 1982, our ever-expanding group of investigators has been meeting in exotic parts of the world to discuss aspects of three enzyme systems. The 1996 meeting was no exception. Nearly 90 scientists from 15 countries met in the small city of Deadwood, South Dakota, for four days of stimulating talks and posters and incredible scenery. Once more this meeting reflected the changing trends in biochemical research. At the 1982 meeting most of the speakers discussed isolating new enzymes and trying to characterize them. At this meeting many speakers discussed interpretations of three-dimensional struc­ ture or regulatory elements of the genes controlling for the tissue-specific expression of the enzyme. Hopefully, readers will find the proceedings of the meeting to be of interest. Though they reflects the scientific information that was presented at the meeting, they do not indicate the level of personal interactions that went on during the meeting. Once again, the willingness of the participants to discuss unpublished data and to share thoughts about the future directions of their research helped make this, like our previous seven meetings, a special scientific experience for those who attended.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xiv
Crystal Structure of a Class 3 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase at 2.6A Resolution....Pages 1-7
Conserved Residues in the Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Family....Pages 9-13
Class 3 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 15-18
Human Corneal and Lens Aldehyde Dehydrogenases....Pages 19-27
Regulation of Rat ALDH-3 by Hepatic Protein Kinases and Glucocorticoids....Pages 29-36
Mouse Dioxin-Inducible Ahd4 Gene....Pages 37-46
Changes in Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Isozymes Expression in Long-Term Cultures of Human Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells....Pages 47-57
Expression of ALDH3 and NMO1 in Human Corneal Epithelial and Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells....Pages 59-68
A Preliminary Report on the Cloning of a Constitutively Expressed Rat Liver Cytosolic ALDH cDNA by PCR....Pages 69-72
Ontogenesis and Expression of ALDH Activity in the Skin and the Eye of the Rat....Pages 73-80
Class 1 and Class 3 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Levels in the Human Tumor Cell Lines Currently Used by the National Cancer Institute to Screen for Potentially Useful Antitumor Agents....Pages 81-94
Organ Distribution of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity in the Newt....Pages 95-108
In Hepatoma Cell Lines Restored Lipid Peroxidation Affects Cell Viability Inversely to Aldehyde Metabolizing Enzyme Activity....Pages 109-112
Profiles of Hepatic Cellular Protein Adduction by Malondialdehyde and 4-Hydroxynonenal....Pages 113-122
Inhibition of Human Class 3 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, and Sensitization of Tumor Cells that Express Significant Amounts of this Enzyme to Oxazaphosphorines, by the Naturally Occurring Compound Gossypol....Pages 123-131
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-Mediated Metabolism of Acetaldehyde and Mafosfamide in Blood of Healthy Subjects and Patients with Malignant Lymphoma....Pages 133-146
Yeast Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Sensitivity to Inhibition by Chlorpropamide Analogues as an Indicator of Human Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Sensitivity to These Agents....Pages 147-153
Laser Light Scattering and Ultracentrifuge Studies on Sheep Liver Cytosolic Aldehyde Dehdyrogenase....Pages 155-169
Subunit Interactions in Mammalian Liver Aldehyde Dehydrogenases....Pages 171-179
Studies on the Dominant Negative Effect of the ALDH2*2 Allele....Pages 181-185
Mutation of the Conserved Amino Acids of Mitochondria Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 187-194
The Action of Cytosolic Aldehyde Dehydrogenase on Resorufin Acetate....Pages 195-200
Inhibition of and Interaction with Human Recombinant Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenase by Methyl Diethylthiocarbamate Sulfoxide....Pages 201-208
Inhibition of Mouse and Human Class 1 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase by 4-(N,N-Dialkylamino)Benzaldehyde Compounds....Pages 209-216
Phenethyl Isothiocyanate as an Inhibitor of Aldehyde Dehydrogenases....Pages 217-224
Effect of Substituted Bromoacetanilides on Cytosolic Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 225-232
Human Aldehyde Dehydrogenase E3....Pages 233-241
Human Succinic Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 243-252
Effects of Glycerol on the Kinetic Properties of Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase....Pages 253-260
Alcohol Dehydrogenase Variability....Pages 261-268
Three-Dimensional Structures of Human Alcohol Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes Reveal the Molecular Basis for their Functional Diversity....Pages 269-275
Mammalian Class II Alcohol Dehydrogenase....Pages 277-280
Activity of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenases on Steroids....Pages 281-289
Role of Alcohol Dehydrogenases in Steroid and Retinoid Metabolism....Pages 291-302
Mechanistic Enzymology of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase....Pages 303-311
Regulation of the Seven Human Alcohol Dehydrogenase Genes....Pages 313-320
Expression, Activities, and Kinetic Mechanism of Human Stomach Alcohol Dehydrogenase....Pages 321-329
Evidence that Class IV Alcohol Dehydrogenase May Function in Embryonic Retinoic Acid Synthesis....Pages 331-338
Expression of Formaldehyde Dehydrogenase and S-Formylglutathione Hydrolase Activities in Different Rat Tissues....Pages 339-345
Formaldehyde Dehydrogenase from Yeast and Plant....Pages 347-355
Human Sorbitol Dehydrogenase — A Secondary Alcohol Dehydrogenase with Distinct Pathophysiological Roles....Pages 357-364
Structural and Mechanistic Aspects of a New Family of Dehydrogenases, the ?-Hydroxyacid Dehydrogenases....Pages 365-371
Structure-Function Relationships of SDR Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases....Pages 373-381
Nicotinoprotein Alcohol/Aldehyde Oxidoreductases....Pages 383-393
Structural Studies of Aldo-Keto Reductase Inhibition....Pages 395-402
Aldehyde Reductase....Pages 403-415
Study of Non-Covalent Enzyme-Inhibitor Complexes of Aldose Reductase by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry....Pages 417-423
Characterization of a Novel Murine Aldo-Keto Reductase....Pages 425-434
A Potential Role for Aldose Reductase in Steroid Metabolism....Pages 435-442
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases....Pages 443-451
Physiological Substrates of Human Aldose and Aldehyde Reductases....Pages 453-454
Aldose Reductase as Dihydrodiol Dehydrogenase....Pages 455-464
Gene Regulation of Aldose Reductase Under Osmotic Stress....Pages 465-473
Characterization of an Element Resembling an Androgen Response Element (are) in the Human Aldose Reductase Promoter....Pages 475-490
Cloning, Sequencing, and Enzymatic Activity of an Inducible Aldo-Keto Reductase from Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells....Pages 491-497
D-Fructose-Mediated Stimulation of Bovine Lens Aldose Reductase Activation by UV-Irradiation....Pages 499-505
Metabolic Inactivation and Efflux of Daunorubicin as Complementary Mechanisms in Tumor Cell Resistance....Pages 507-514
Cloning and Expression of cDNA Encoding Bovine Liver Dihydrodiol Dehydrogenase 3, DD3....Pages 515-519
Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Residues in Coenzyme-Binding Domain and Active Site of Mouse Lung Carbonyl Reductase....Pages 521-528
An Essential Cysteine (CYS-227) in Human Carbonyl Reductase is Involved in Glutathione Binding....Pages 529-535
A Nomenclature System for the Aldo-Keto Reductase Superfamily....Pages 537-544
Back Matter....Pages 545-553
....Pages 555-561