Ebook: Somatic Embryogenesis in Woody Plants: Volume 2 — Angiosperms

The quality of human life has been maintained and enhanced for generations by the use of trees and their products. In recent years, ever rising human population growth has put tremendous pressure on trees and tree products; growing awareness of the potential of previously unexploited tree resources and environmental pollution have both accelerated development of new technologies for tree propagation, breeding and improvement. Biotechnology of trees may be the answer to solve the problems which cannot be solved by conventional breeding methods. The combination of biotechnology and conventional methods such as plant propagation and breeding may be a novel approach to improving and multiplying in large number the trees and woody plants. So far, plant tissue culture technology has largely been exploited in the propagation of ornamental plants, especially foliage house plants, by com­ mercial companies. Generally, tissue culture of woody plants has been recal­ citrant. However, limited success has been achieved in tissue culture of angiosperm and gymnosperm woody plants. A number of recent reports on somatic embryogenesis in woody plants such as Norway spruce (Picea abies), Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), Sandalwood (Santalurn album), Citrus, Mango (Mangifera indica), etc. , offer a ray of hope of: a) inexpensive clonal propa­ gation for large-scale production of plants or "emblings" or "somatic embryo plants", b) protoplast work, c) cryopreservation, d) genetic transformation, and e) artificial or manufactured seed production.

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These books provide an update to progress on somatic embryogenesis in woody plants including both angiosperm and gymnosperm trees. In the past, most of the information on this subject was scattered in proceedings volumes, journals, biotechnology books, etc. It has been difficult for the researchers and students to obtain comprehensive information on this rapidly growing subject from a single source. These books enable readers to get a clear view of this subject on historical, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and molecular aspects, and applications including protoplasts, cryopreservation, manufactured seed (artificial seed), genetic transformation, bioreactors, mutations, and future uses in forest plantations. Each selected woody plant mentioned in the book is briefly introduced first, covering botany and genetics, importance and geographical distribution, breeding problems, and in vitro propagation and problems of each selected woody plant and then is followed by the description on the initiation and maintenance of embryogenic cultures, embryo development and germination, and field trials (if any) of these plants.
These books are meant for graduate students and researchers in forestry and horticulture as well as biotechnologists.

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These books provide an update to progress on somatic embryogenesis in woody plants including both angiosperm and gymnosperm trees. In the past, most of the information on this subject was scattered in proceedings volumes, journals, biotechnology books, etc. It has been difficult for the researchers and students to obtain comprehensive information on this rapidly growing subject from a single source. These books enable readers to get a clear view of this subject on historical, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and molecular aspects, and applications including protoplasts, cryopreservation, manufactured seed (artificial seed), genetic transformation, bioreactors, mutations, and future uses in forest plantations. Each selected woody plant mentioned in the book is briefly introduced first, covering botany and genetics, importance and geographical distribution, breeding problems, and in vitro propagation and problems of each selected woody plant and then is followed by the description on the initiation and maintenance of embryogenic cultures, embryo development and germination, and field trials (if any) of these plants.
These books are meant for graduate students and researchers in forestry and horticulture as well as biotechnologists.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xiv
Somatic embryogenesis in Citrus species....Pages 1-21
Somatic embryogenesis in bamboo....Pages 23-40
Somatic embryogenesis in oak (Quercus spp.)....Pages 41-51
Somatic embryogenesis in Populus spp.....Pages 53-65
Somatic embryogenesis in walnut (Juglans regia)....Pages 67-87
Somatic embryogenesis in rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Mull. Arg.)....Pages 89-97
Somatic embryogenesis in birch (Betula pendula Roth.)....Pages 99-116
Somatic embryogenesis in sandalwood (Santalum album L.)....Pages 117-136
Somatic embryogenesis in olive (Olea europaea L.)....Pages 137-151
Somatic embryogenesis in grape....Pages 153-170
Somatic embryogenesis in Camellia spp.....Pages 171-189
Somatic embryogenesis in Rosa spp.....Pages 191-217
Somatic embryogenesis in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)....Pages 219-234
Somatic embryogenesis in white ash (Fraxinus americana L.)....Pages 235-276
Somatic embryogenesis in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)....Pages 277-289
Somatic embryogenesis in mango (Mangifera indica L.)....Pages 291-310
Somatic embryogenesis in neem (Azadirachta indica)....Pages 311-325
Somatic embryogenesis in chestnut....Pages 327-340
Somatic embryogenesis in horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.)....Pages 341-356
Somatic embryogenesis in apple (Malus)....Pages 357-374
Somatic embryogenesis in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)....Pages 375-407
Somatic embryogenesis in eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis)....Pages 409-444
Back Matter....Pages 445-460
....Pages 461-470