Ebook: Biological Prototypes and Synthetic Systems: Volume 1 Proceedings of the Second Annual Bionics Symposium sponsored by Cornell University and the General Electric Company, Advanced Electronics Center, held at Cornell University, August 30–September 1, 1961

When the present symposium was first conceived, it was decided that more emphasis be given to contributions from biological laboratories than has typically appeared in previous bionics meetings. Accordingly, most of the invited speakers are biologists, in the broad sense of representing some area of the life sciences. Likewise, many of the submitted papers eventually chosen by the technical com­ mittee were from the life sCiences, rather than the physical sciences or mathe­ matics. In this way, it was hoped that a greater direct interest in the technological problems of bionics might be stimulated among biologists, upon whose work much of the success of bionics necessarily lies. Because of the wide interdisciplinary span of the papers, it was necessary to impose some artificial organization upon them, specifically for continuity in the transactions. We elected to put the biological papers first, followed by those which deal with reasonably specific models, and reserveto the last those papers reporting models which are more general in nature. The editorial function was kept to a minimum, with no major alterations of content and few of style being exercised. Several of the papers delivered at the symposium required a longer format for clarity and are included here in ex­ panded versions. Assitance in the preparation of this volume was received from the National Institute of Neurologic Diseases and Blindness, Grant number B-3896.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xii
Bio-Logic....Pages 1-12
Evoked Potentials in the Human Visual System....Pages 13-21
Neural-Behavioral Interrelationships in Taste....Pages 22-28
Bioelectric Patterns as Indicators of Behavioral Development in the Chick Embryo....Pages 29-30
Some Observations Indicating the Possibility of Longitudinal Charge-Carrier Flow in the Peripheral Nerves....Pages 31-37
Spontaneous Neural Activity....Pages 38-38
Bionics and Experimental Epidemiology....Pages 39-48
The Development of the Eastern Bluebird’s Vocal Repertoire....Pages 49-49
Prey Location in Owls....Pages 50-50
The Logic of the Localization of Function in the Central Nervous System....Pages 51-53
Ultrasonic Interaction of Bats and Moths....Pages 54-57
What is a Synapse?....Pages 58-58
Modeling Visual Organs and Perceptions....Pages 59-59
Theoretical Analysis of Models for Enzyme Synthesis....Pages 60-70
A Neural Model for Labile Sensorimotor Coordinations....Pages 71-74
A Model of Visual Space....Pages 75-87
Statistical Learning Models for Behavior of an Artificial Organism....Pages 88-96
Design of an Analog Ear....Pages 97-103
An Electronic Model of the Limulus Eye....Pages 104-109
Recognition of the Spoken Word by Machine....Pages 110-118
Stabilized Retinal Images and Visual Perception....Pages 119-125
Color Vision and a New Approach to General Perception....Pages 126-141
Neuromime Modeling of Sensory Pathways....Pages 142-147
Activity Levels and Oscillation Modes in Neural Nets....Pages 148-159
Associative Storage and Retrieval of Digital Information in Networks of Adaptive “Neurons”....Pages 160-160
A Semantically Associative Memory....Pages 161-169
Electronic Simulation of the Biological Clock....Pages 170-182
Structural, Hydraulic, and “Economic” Aspects of Leaf Venation and Shape....Pages 183-191
General Principles of Operations in Neuron Nets with Application to Acoustical Pattern Recognition....Pages 192-212
A Model for Hearing....Pages 213-221
A Mathematical Model for Visual Perception....Pages 222-229
The Survival Value of Sensory Perception....Pages 230-232
A Computer Simulation of Pattern Perception and Concept Formation....Pages 233-243
An Associative Machine for Dealing with the Visual Field and Some of Its Biological Implications....Pages 244-260
Evaluation of a Class of Pattern-Recognition Networks....Pages 261-269
A Sequential Decision Model for Optimum Recognition....Pages 270-277
Machine Interpretation of Radar Displays....Pages 278-290
Some Models For Pulse-Interval Modulation Systems....Pages 291-293
Quantitative Aspects of the Problem of Shape in Biology....Pages 294-294
Design Studies of Conditional Probability Computers....Pages 295-302
Bayes Strategies as Adaptive Behavior....Pages 303-310
A Self-Organizing Binary Logical Element....Pages 311-330
First-Order Experiential Concept Formation....Pages 331-341
Kinematic and Tessellation Models Of Self-Repair....Pages 342-369
Theory of Structurally Homogeneous Logic Nets....Pages 370-380
Induction and Logical Types....Pages 381-386
Microwatt Transistor Circuits-A Solution to the Heat Problem in Ultralarge Computers....Pages 387-392
The Imitation of One Form of Life by Another—Biomimesis....Pages 393-397

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xii
Bio-Logic....Pages 1-12
Evoked Potentials in the Human Visual System....Pages 13-21
Neural-Behavioral Interrelationships in Taste....Pages 22-28
Bioelectric Patterns as Indicators of Behavioral Development in the Chick Embryo....Pages 29-30
Some Observations Indicating the Possibility of Longitudinal Charge-Carrier Flow in the Peripheral Nerves....Pages 31-37
Spontaneous Neural Activity....Pages 38-38
Bionics and Experimental Epidemiology....Pages 39-48
The Development of the Eastern Bluebird’s Vocal Repertoire....Pages 49-49
Prey Location in Owls....Pages 50-50
The Logic of the Localization of Function in the Central Nervous System....Pages 51-53
Ultrasonic Interaction of Bats and Moths....Pages 54-57
What is a Synapse?....Pages 58-58
Modeling Visual Organs and Perceptions....Pages 59-59
Theoretical Analysis of Models for Enzyme Synthesis....Pages 60-70
A Neural Model for Labile Sensorimotor Coordinations....Pages 71-74
A Model of Visual Space....Pages 75-87
Statistical Learning Models for Behavior of an Artificial Organism....Pages 88-96
Design of an Analog Ear....Pages 97-103
An Electronic Model of the Limulus Eye....Pages 104-109
Recognition of the Spoken Word by Machine....Pages 110-118
Stabilized Retinal Images and Visual Perception....Pages 119-125
Color Vision and a New Approach to General Perception....Pages 126-141
Neuromime Modeling of Sensory Pathways....Pages 142-147
Activity Levels and Oscillation Modes in Neural Nets....Pages 148-159
Associative Storage and Retrieval of Digital Information in Networks of Adaptive “Neurons”....Pages 160-160
A Semantically Associative Memory....Pages 161-169
Electronic Simulation of the Biological Clock....Pages 170-182
Structural, Hydraulic, and “Economic” Aspects of Leaf Venation and Shape....Pages 183-191
General Principles of Operations in Neuron Nets with Application to Acoustical Pattern Recognition....Pages 192-212
A Model for Hearing....Pages 213-221
A Mathematical Model for Visual Perception....Pages 222-229
The Survival Value of Sensory Perception....Pages 230-232
A Computer Simulation of Pattern Perception and Concept Formation....Pages 233-243
An Associative Machine for Dealing with the Visual Field and Some of Its Biological Implications....Pages 244-260
Evaluation of a Class of Pattern-Recognition Networks....Pages 261-269
A Sequential Decision Model for Optimum Recognition....Pages 270-277
Machine Interpretation of Radar Displays....Pages 278-290
Some Models For Pulse-Interval Modulation Systems....Pages 291-293
Quantitative Aspects of the Problem of Shape in Biology....Pages 294-294
Design Studies of Conditional Probability Computers....Pages 295-302
Bayes Strategies as Adaptive Behavior....Pages 303-310
A Self-Organizing Binary Logical Element....Pages 311-330
First-Order Experiential Concept Formation....Pages 331-341
Kinematic and Tessellation Models Of Self-Repair....Pages 342-369
Theory of Structurally Homogeneous Logic Nets....Pages 370-380
Induction and Logical Types....Pages 381-386
Microwatt Transistor Circuits-A Solution to the Heat Problem in Ultralarge Computers....Pages 387-392
The Imitation of One Form of Life by Another—Biomimesis....Pages 393-397
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