Ebook: Nutrition and Osteoporosis

Nutrition and Osteoporosis: Seeing Through a Glass, Darkly (1 Cor. 13:12) This volume of Advances in Nutritional Research deals with the present state of knowledge relative to the role of nutrition in the etiology of osteoporosis, one of the most serious degenerative diseases in the aging population. As a back­ drop for subsequent chapters on specific nutrients, Chapter 1 provides a com­ prehensive account of the gain and loss of bone throughout the life cycle, with emphasis on the architectural changes in later life that predispose to osteoporotic bone fractures. Chapter 2 documents the occurrence of aging bone loss through­ out human archeological history and Chapter 3 extends this documentation to all non-human vertebrate species so far examined, including primates living in the wild. It is apparent that a progressive loss of bone tissue is a normal accompaniment of aging among higher vertebrates. Whether it is a cause of bone fractures in animals, as it is in humans, is still unknown. It has also been established that there are significant differences in the frequency of osteoporotic fractures among human families, ethnic groups, national populations and diet cultures. Numerous studies have been carried out in an effort to explain these differences, and many of these deal with the possible effect of nutrition. Protracted controversies over the role of nutrition in the etiology of osteoporosis are reflected in the contents of several of the ensuing chapters.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xxii
The Gain and Loss of Bone in the Human Life Cycle....Pages 1-33
Low Bone Mass in Past and Present Aboriginal Populations....Pages 35-51
Bone Loss in Animals....Pages 53-71
The Significance of Habitual Calcium Intake in the Pathogenesis of Peri- and Early Postmenopausal Bone Loss....Pages 73-88
Osteoporosis in Japan: Factors Contributing to the Low Incidence of Hip Fracture....Pages 89-99
Osteoporosis in Asia....Pages 101-118
Calcium and Osteoporosis?....Pages 119-128
Ethnic and Genetic Differences in Susceptibility to Osteoporotic Fractures....Pages 129-149
Suboptimal Vitamin D Status: a Risk Factor for Osteoporosis?....Pages 151-166
Protein Intake and Calcium Homeostasis....Pages 167-181
The Effects of High Phosphorus Intake on Calcium Homeostasis....Pages 183-207
The Effect of Sodium on Calcium Requirement....Pages 209-230
Fluoride in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis....Pages 231-243
Bone Mineral Content in Postmenopausal Vegetarians and Omnivores....Pages 245-255
The Effect of Obesity on Postmenopausal Bone Loss and the Risk of Osteoporosis....Pages 257-271
Exercise and Bone Loss....Pages 273-285
The Menstrual Cycle: Effects on Bone in Menopausal Women....Pages 287-310
Back Matter....Pages 311-313

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xxii
The Gain and Loss of Bone in the Human Life Cycle....Pages 1-33
Low Bone Mass in Past and Present Aboriginal Populations....Pages 35-51
Bone Loss in Animals....Pages 53-71
The Significance of Habitual Calcium Intake in the Pathogenesis of Peri- and Early Postmenopausal Bone Loss....Pages 73-88
Osteoporosis in Japan: Factors Contributing to the Low Incidence of Hip Fracture....Pages 89-99
Osteoporosis in Asia....Pages 101-118
Calcium and Osteoporosis?....Pages 119-128
Ethnic and Genetic Differences in Susceptibility to Osteoporotic Fractures....Pages 129-149
Suboptimal Vitamin D Status: a Risk Factor for Osteoporosis?....Pages 151-166
Protein Intake and Calcium Homeostasis....Pages 167-181
The Effects of High Phosphorus Intake on Calcium Homeostasis....Pages 183-207
The Effect of Sodium on Calcium Requirement....Pages 209-230
Fluoride in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis....Pages 231-243
Bone Mineral Content in Postmenopausal Vegetarians and Omnivores....Pages 245-255
The Effect of Obesity on Postmenopausal Bone Loss and the Risk of Osteoporosis....Pages 257-271
Exercise and Bone Loss....Pages 273-285
The Menstrual Cycle: Effects on Bone in Menopausal Women....Pages 287-310
Back Matter....Pages 311-313
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