Ebook: Adaptation in Stochastic Environments

The classical theory of natural selection, as developed by Fisher, Haldane, and 'Wright, and their followers, is in a sense a statistical theory. By and large the classical theory assumes that the underlying environment in which evolution transpires is both constant and stable - the theory is in this sense deterministic. In reality, on the other hand, nature is almost always changing and unstable. We do not yet possess a complete theory of natural selection in stochastic environ­ ments. Perhaps it has been thought that such a theory is unimportant, or that it would be too difficult. Our own view is that the time is now ripe for the development of a probabilistic theory of natural selection. The present volume is an attempt to provide an elementary introduction to this probabilistic theory. Each author was asked to con­ tribute a simple, basic introduction to his or her specialty, including lively discussions and speculation. We hope that the book contributes further to the understanding of the roles of "Chance and Necessity" (Monod 1971) as integrated components of adaptation in nature.

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This volume consists of ten expository articles describing processes of evolution via natural selection in stochastic environments. Maintaining an elementary level throughout, the authors describe the latest researches in the mathematical theory of adaptation in stochastic environments. Topicsdiscussed include: history of past research; fitness optimization criteria; environmental and demographic variability; life-history evolution; evolutionarily stable strategies; population dynamics of age-structured populations; phenotypic plasticity and imperfect information; evolution of behavioral adaptations; methods of quantifying environmental predictability; genetics of conditional strategies; coexistence of multiple life-history strategies; and adaptive learning.

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This volume consists of ten expository articles describing processes of evolution via natural selection in stochastic environments. Maintaining an elementary level throughout, the authors describe the latest researches in the mathematical theory of adaptation in stochastic environments. Topicsdiscussed include: history of past research; fitness optimization criteria; environmental and demographic variability; life-history evolution; evolutionarily stable strategies; population dynamics of age-structured populations; phenotypic plasticity and imperfect information; evolution of behavioral adaptations; methods of quantifying environmental predictability; genetics of conditional strategies; coexistence of multiple life-history strategies; and adaptive learning.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-VII
Introduction: Historical Remarks....Pages 1-7
Fitness in Random Environments....Pages 8-25
Density Dependent Life History Evolution in Fluctuating Environments....Pages 26-62
Life History Evolution and Population Dynamics in Variable Environments: Some Insights from Stochastic Demography....Pages 63-104
Plasticity in Fluctuating Environments....Pages 105-121
Optimization and ESS Analysis for Populations in Stochastic Environments....Pages 122-131
Are Variable Environments Stochastic? A Review of Methods to Quantify Environmental Predictability....Pages 132-146
Modeling Selection on Conditional Strategies in Stochastic Environments....Pages 147-154
Coexistence in Stochastic Environments through a Life History Trade Off in Drosophila....Pages 155-172
The Equilibrium Distribution of Optimal Search and Sampling Effort of Foraging Animals in Patchy Environments....Pages 173-191
Back Matter....Pages 192-193

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This volume consists of ten expository articles describing processes of evolution via natural selection in stochastic environments. Maintaining an elementary level throughout, the authors describe the latest researches in the mathematical theory of adaptation in stochastic environments. Topicsdiscussed include: history of past research; fitness optimization criteria; environmental and demographic variability; life-history evolution; evolutionarily stable strategies; population dynamics of age-structured populations; phenotypic plasticity and imperfect information; evolution of behavioral adaptations; methods of quantifying environmental predictability; genetics of conditional strategies; coexistence of multiple life-history strategies; and adaptive learning.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-VII
Introduction: Historical Remarks....Pages 1-7
Fitness in Random Environments....Pages 8-25
Density Dependent Life History Evolution in Fluctuating Environments....Pages 26-62
Life History Evolution and Population Dynamics in Variable Environments: Some Insights from Stochastic Demography....Pages 63-104
Plasticity in Fluctuating Environments....Pages 105-121
Optimization and ESS Analysis for Populations in Stochastic Environments....Pages 122-131
Are Variable Environments Stochastic? A Review of Methods to Quantify Environmental Predictability....Pages 132-146
Modeling Selection on Conditional Strategies in Stochastic Environments....Pages 147-154
Coexistence in Stochastic Environments through a Life History Trade Off in Drosophila....Pages 155-172
The Equilibrium Distribution of Optimal Search and Sampling Effort of Foraging Animals in Patchy Environments....Pages 173-191
Back Matter....Pages 192-193
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