Ebook: Microbial Reagents in Organic Synthesis

Different aspects of biocatalysis are discussed with a view to obtaining products in a practical way using microorganisms and enzymes in catalytic amounts but as if they were organic reagents. A limited number of reactions catalysed by microbial reagents have been examinded according to the following classes: C-C bond formation, including the reaction catalyzed by aldolases, enantiomeric oxynitrilases, and decarboxylases. Oxidations promoted by microorganisms leading to Bayer-Williger-type products and hydroxylation at saturated carbon also includes the production of synthons derived from the microbial oxidation of substituted aromatics of wide synthetic applications. Reductions of carbonyl group with yeasts and other microorganisms, including the factor affecting the stereoselectivity when using all-cell organisms.
Group transfer reactions describes synthetic achievements and theoretical aspects concerning the use of lipases, esterases and acylases. Industrial applications of microbial reagents in the large-scale production of fine chemicals offers validation to the basic research in the field.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-x
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Cyclase Mediated Synthesis of Terpenoids....Pages 3-24
(R)- and (S)-Cyanohydrins - Their Enzymatic Synthesis and Their Reactions....Pages 25-33
Chemical-Enzymatic Synthesis of Carbohydrates....Pages 35-42
A Building Block Strategy for Asymmetric Synthesis: The DHAP-Aldolases....Pages 43-55
Transferase Catalyzed Synthesis: Applications in Series of Aminoacids and Monosaccharides....Pages 57-66
Acyloin Formation Mediated by Benzoylformate Decarboxylases....Pages 67-75
Front Matter....Pages 77-77
Organic Synthesis Via Biocatalytic Methods — A Chemoenzymatic Approach to the Synthesis of FK506....Pages 79-92
Use of Enzymes as Catalysts in Key Reactions Leading to the Synthesis of Optically Active Natural Products and Analogues....Pages 93-111
New Enzymatic Methods for the Selective Functionalization of Carbohydrate Derivatives....Pages 113-122
Efficient Synthesis of Optically Active Carbohydrates and Other Oxygenated Compounds Through Bio-Oxidation of Chlorinated Aromatics....Pages 123-134
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Natural Products and Bioactive Compounds....Pages 135-147
Biotransformations Applied to the Synthesis of Vitamins and Pharmaceuticals....Pages 149-158
Front Matter....Pages 159-159
A Direct Route from Hydantoins to D-Amino Acids Employing a Resting Cell Biocatalyst With D-Hydantoinase and D-Carbamoylase Activity....Pages 161-174
The Use of Immobilized Penicillin G Acylase in Organic Synthesis....Pages 175-188
Are Proteases Suitable Tools for the Formation of Peptide Bonds?....Pages 189-198
Enzymatic Aminolysis, Hydrazinolysis and Oximolysis Reactions....Pages 199-208
Microbial and Enzymatic Transformation of Nitriles....Pages 209-223
Resolution of Racemates with Lipases and Effect of Reaction Conditions on Enantioselectivity....Pages 225-238
Selectivity Enhancement Of Candida Cylindracea Lipase: Covalent Enzyme Modification and Control of Micro-pH....Pages 239-247
Lipase Catalyzed Organic Synthesis....Pages 249-260
Front Matter....Pages 159-159
Kinetics and Validation of Mathematical Models of Enantioselective Transesterification in Organic Solvents....Pages 261-272
Enzymatic enantioselective ester hydrolysis by carboxylesterase NP....Pages 273-288
A Kinetic Interpretation of Acids and Alcohols Influence on the Enantioselectivity in Enzyme Catalysed Resolutions....Pages 289-298
Asymmetrized Tris (Hydroxymethyl)Methane and Related Synthons as New Highly Versatile Chiral Building Blocks. Chemoenzymatic Preparation and Synthetic Applications....Pages 299-310
Front Matter....Pages 311-311
A Comparative Study of Chemical versus Biological Functionalizations of Synthetic Intermediates....Pages 313-321
Enantioselective Sulfoxidations Catalyzed by Chloroperoxidase and Horseradish Peroxidase....Pages 323-331
Use of Biooxygenation in Fine Organic Synthesis....Pages 333-346
The Enzymatic Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation....Pages 347-360
Beauveria Sulfurescens Mediated Oxidation of Dihydroartemisinin Derivatives....Pages 361-373
Front Matter....Pages 375-375
Comparison of Chemical and Biochemical Reduction Methods for the Synthesis of (R)-2-Hydroxy-4-Phenylbutyric Acid....Pages 377-388
Stereochemical Control in Microbial Reduction....Pages 389-398
Approaches to 2-Methyl-1-Alkanols of High Enantiomeric Purities Via Enzyme Mediated Reactions....Pages 399-410
Microbial Alcohol/Aldehyde Oxidoreductases in Enantioselective Conversions....Pages 411-420
Usefull Enzymes from Plant Cell and Organ Cultures....Pages 421-440
Back Matter....Pages 441-453
....Pages 455-490