Ebook: Biotechnology: Bridging Research and Applications: Proceedings of the U.S.-Israel Research Conference on Advances in Applied Biotechnology June 24–30, 1990; Haifa, Israel
Author: Ruth Arnon (auth.) Dr. Daphne Kamely Dr. Ananda M. Chakrabarty Dr. Steven E. Kornguth (eds.)
- Tags: Animal Anatomy / Morphology / Histology
- Year: 1991
- Publisher: Springer Netherlands
- Edition: 1
- Language: English
- pdf
Biotechnology is advancing at a rapid pace with numerous applications in medicine, industry, agriculture and environmental remediation. Recognizing this, government, industrial and academic research and development invest ment in biotechnology has expanded rapidly. The past decade has seen the emergence of applications of this technology with a dual-use potential. Mili tary applications focus on four major areas: biomedical technology, such as vaccine development and medical diagnostics; detection of toxins, chemicals and pathogens; material biotechnology; and biological decontamination, in cluding biodegradation and bioremediation. This conference emphasizes the non-medical applications of biotechnol ogy. The first two sessions focus on the synthesis and properties of molecules that may be used in detectors. The traditional approach to detection of chemical and biological agents relied on the development of specific assays or analyses for known agents. Advances in molecular biology have made possible the production of large quantities of toxins which were previously available in minute quantities, and the molecular engineering of toxins and pathogens with specific pharmacologic and physical-chemical properties. In addition to the traditional approaches to detection of specific known compounds, biotechnology now offers generic approaches to detection. Physiological targets, known as receptors, are primary targets for many drugs and toxins. Similarly, pathogens rely on receptors to gain access to cells. These receptors function as sensitive detectors, generating signals which are transduced and amplified.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xiv
Biological Applications of Synthetic Polypeptides....Pages 1-12
Front Matter....Pages 13-13
Manufacturing and Biotechnology Synergisms for the Early 2000’s....Pages 15-42
Biosensors Based on Solvated Bilayers Attached to Electrodes....Pages 43-61
Alternatives to Radioimmunoassay....Pages 63-78
The Use of Intact Luminous Bacteria in Analytical Chemistry, Clinical Microbiology and Acute Toxicity....Pages 79-87
Deposition of Enzymes by Electropolymerization....Pages 89-93
Computerized Biospecific Electrodes....Pages 95-107
NMR-Structural Studies of Membrane Bound Peptides and Proteins....Pages 109-124
Front Matter....Pages 125-125
DNA as a Biosensor for Environmental Agents....Pages 127-140
Detection of Pathogens with Nucleic Acid Probes....Pages 141-151
Structure-Function Relationships, In Vivo Mutability and Gene Amplification in Human Cholinesterases, Targets for Organophosphorous Poisons....Pages 153-166
Assessment of Genetic Damage in Human Tissue by Immunoassay....Pages 167-177
Field Operable Devices for Immunological, Molecular and Toxicological Diagnosis — A Review on a Unified Approach....Pages 179-204
Design and Properties of Enzymes Immobilized in Sol-Gel Glass Matrices....Pages 205-218
Front Matter....Pages 219-219
Microbial Degradation of Agent Orange and Mustard Related Compounds....Pages 221-230
Surface Active and Drag-Reducing Bacterial Polymers....Pages 231-248
Towards Catalytic Antibodies for the Degradation of Toxic Agents....Pages 249-264
Bacterial Heavy Metal Resistance Systems and Possibility of Bioremediation....Pages 265-287
The Cholinergic Binding Site: Structure and Application....Pages 289-297
Front Matter....Pages 299-299
Outdoor Cultivation of Microalgae in a Closed System for the Production of Valuable Biochemicals....Pages 301-316
Front Matter....Pages 299-299
Chemical Sensing Applications of Semiconductor Photoluminescence....Pages 317-331
High Speed DNA Sequencing and the Analysis of the Human Genome....Pages 333-340
Interacting Light Energy with Biocatalytic Assemblies: Biocatalysed Photosynthesis and Photoregulation of Enzymes....Pages 341-369
Modifying Specificities of Restriction Enzymes....Pages 371-376
Pulsed Laser Fluorometry for Environmental Monitoring....Pages 377-397
Front Matter....Pages 399-399
Recognition of the Human CD4 Receptor by the AIDS Virus: A Molecular Target for AIDS Therapeutics....Pages 401-411
Antibody-Catalyzed Concerted Chemical Reactions....Pages 413-427
Engineering Altered Substrate Specificity into Subtilisin BPN?....Pages 429-440
Summary of Conference....Pages 441-444
Back Matter....Pages 445-459
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xiv
Biological Applications of Synthetic Polypeptides....Pages 1-12
Front Matter....Pages 13-13
Manufacturing and Biotechnology Synergisms for the Early 2000’s....Pages 15-42
Biosensors Based on Solvated Bilayers Attached to Electrodes....Pages 43-61
Alternatives to Radioimmunoassay....Pages 63-78
The Use of Intact Luminous Bacteria in Analytical Chemistry, Clinical Microbiology and Acute Toxicity....Pages 79-87
Deposition of Enzymes by Electropolymerization....Pages 89-93
Computerized Biospecific Electrodes....Pages 95-107
NMR-Structural Studies of Membrane Bound Peptides and Proteins....Pages 109-124
Front Matter....Pages 125-125
DNA as a Biosensor for Environmental Agents....Pages 127-140
Detection of Pathogens with Nucleic Acid Probes....Pages 141-151
Structure-Function Relationships, In Vivo Mutability and Gene Amplification in Human Cholinesterases, Targets for Organophosphorous Poisons....Pages 153-166
Assessment of Genetic Damage in Human Tissue by Immunoassay....Pages 167-177
Field Operable Devices for Immunological, Molecular and Toxicological Diagnosis — A Review on a Unified Approach....Pages 179-204
Design and Properties of Enzymes Immobilized in Sol-Gel Glass Matrices....Pages 205-218
Front Matter....Pages 219-219
Microbial Degradation of Agent Orange and Mustard Related Compounds....Pages 221-230
Surface Active and Drag-Reducing Bacterial Polymers....Pages 231-248
Towards Catalytic Antibodies for the Degradation of Toxic Agents....Pages 249-264
Bacterial Heavy Metal Resistance Systems and Possibility of Bioremediation....Pages 265-287
The Cholinergic Binding Site: Structure and Application....Pages 289-297
Front Matter....Pages 299-299
Outdoor Cultivation of Microalgae in a Closed System for the Production of Valuable Biochemicals....Pages 301-316
Front Matter....Pages 299-299
Chemical Sensing Applications of Semiconductor Photoluminescence....Pages 317-331
High Speed DNA Sequencing and the Analysis of the Human Genome....Pages 333-340
Interacting Light Energy with Biocatalytic Assemblies: Biocatalysed Photosynthesis and Photoregulation of Enzymes....Pages 341-369
Modifying Specificities of Restriction Enzymes....Pages 371-376
Pulsed Laser Fluorometry for Environmental Monitoring....Pages 377-397
Front Matter....Pages 399-399
Recognition of the Human CD4 Receptor by the AIDS Virus: A Molecular Target for AIDS Therapeutics....Pages 401-411
Antibody-Catalyzed Concerted Chemical Reactions....Pages 413-427
Engineering Altered Substrate Specificity into Subtilisin BPN?....Pages 429-440
Summary of Conference....Pages 441-444
Back Matter....Pages 445-459
....