Ebook: Calcium Transport and Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis

The crucial role played by calcium as a cellular messenger has become increasingly evident, as has the recognition that cells spend much energy in maintaining the cytosolic concentration of this cation both constant and low. It is thought they do this to avoid precipitating phosphate, needed as a source of bond energy and to modulate protein structure. Moreover, since calcium that does enter the cell must be disposed with, processes that utilize calcium have evolved, e.g. secretion, contraction, signaling, to name just some. New knowledge concerning the processes of cellular calcium entry, extrusion and the fate of intracellular calcium has accumulated in recent years. Much has also been learned about calcium transport by and across epithelial cells. It seems logical to think that the processes of calcium entry, extrusion and intracellular handling are similar in all cells. We have therefore assembled in one volume overviews and research reports of transport and cellular calcium regulation so as to explore similarities and differences between cells that utilize calcium for metabolic purposes and those whose primary function is transport.

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This study assembles current and new information on the mechanisms involved in intracellular calcium regulation and their actual or potential relationship to cellular calcium transport. Topics discussed in detail are calcium channels, cellular calcium extrusion, sodium/calcium exchange, calcium-binding proteins with special reference to the vitamin D-induced calbindin, calcium transport and disorders thereof. Each topic is introduced with an overview followed by research papers dealing with relevant topics in each category. New information deals with calcium channels which are not voltage-sensitive, the structure and function of the plasma membrane Ca ATPase, the role of the Na/Ca exchanger in intracellular Na and proton regulation, a comprehensive overview of calcium transport with quantitative analysis of the role of the intestinal and renal calcium-binding proteins, description of the structure and function of the calbindin genes, and identification of calcium transport defects in diabetes and hypertension. Readers will be brought up-to-date on current knowledge and concepts in this rapidly expanding field and be directed to the relevant primary and secondary literature.

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This study assembles current and new information on the mechanisms involved in intracellular calcium regulation and their actual or potential relationship to cellular calcium transport. Topics discussed in detail are calcium channels, cellular calcium extrusion, sodium/calcium exchange, calcium-binding proteins with special reference to the vitamin D-induced calbindin, calcium transport and disorders thereof. Each topic is introduced with an overview followed by research papers dealing with relevant topics in each category. New information deals with calcium channels which are not voltage-sensitive, the structure and function of the plasma membrane Ca ATPase, the role of the Na/Ca exchanger in intracellular Na and proton regulation, a comprehensive overview of calcium transport with quantitative analysis of the role of the intestinal and renal calcium-binding proteins, description of the structure and function of the calbindin genes, and identification of calcium transport defects in diabetes and hypertension. Readers will be brought up-to-date on current knowledge and concepts in this rapidly expanding field and be directed to the relevant primary and secondary literature.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XXII
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Modulation and Functions of Neuronal Ca2+ Permeable Channels....Pages 3-17
Control of Calcium Influx and Internal Calcium Release in Electrically Non-Excitable Cells....Pages 19-26
Patch Clamp Study of Ca Channels in Isolated Renal Tubule Segments....Pages 27-34
Recent Developments in the Molecular Characterization of the L-Type Ca2+ -Channel and Mitochondrial Ca2+-Antagonist Sites....Pages 35-48
Evidence for an Intracellular Ryanodine- and Caffeine-Sensitive Calcium Ion-Conducting Channel in Excitable Tissues....Pages 49-58
Characterization of Novel Probes of Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channels....Pages 59-66
Front Matter....Pages 67-67
The Calcium Pumping ATPase of the Plasma Membrane Structure-Function Relatioships....Pages 69-71
Tertiary Structure of the Muscle Calcium Pump....Pages 73-86
A 19KD C-Terminal Tryptic Fragment of the Alpha Chain of Na/K-ATPase, Essential for Cation Occlusion and Transport....Pages 87-94
The Activity of the Basolateral Membrane Calcium-Pumping ATPase and Intestinal Calcium Transport....Pages 95-101
Front Matter....Pages 103-103
Sodium-Calcium Exchange in the Heart....Pages 105-121
The Role of Sodium/Calcium Exchange in the Regulation of Vascular Contractility....Pages 123-132
Front Matter....Pages 133-133
Function and Regulation of Intracellular Ca in Renal Cells....Pages 135-148
Na+-Ca2+ and Na+-H+ Antiporter Interactions. Relations between Cytosolic Free Ca2+, Na+ and Intracellular pH....Pages 149-159
Regulation of Intracellular Calcium in Cultured Renal Epithelioid (MDCK-) Cells....Pages 161-168
Assessment of the Role of Calcium in Neutrophil Activation Using Electropermeabilized Cells....Pages 169-176
The Role of Calcium in Regulating the Agonist-Evoked Intracellular Acidosis in Rabbit Salivary Gland Acini....Pages 177-184
Free Calcium in Red Blood Cells of Human Hypertensives is Elevated: How Can This be?....Pages 185-195
Front Matter....Pages 197-197
Transepithelial Calcium Transport in Gut and Kidney....Pages 199-223
Front Matter....Pages 225-232
Calcium Transport across the Colon....Pages 197-197
Calcium Absorption. Vitamin D Effects on Rat Intestinal Calcium Transport Systems Depend on the State of Enterocyte Differentiation Along the Crypt-Villus Axis....Pages 233-240
Oscillations in Intestinal Calcium Absorption as Observed and as Predicted by Computer Simulation....Pages 241-247
Mechanisms and Sites of Transepithelial Ca2+ Transport in Kidney Cells....Pages 249-256
Front Matter....Pages 257-262
Structure and Selectivity of Ca-Binding Sites in Proteins: The 5-Fold Site in an Icosahedral Virus....Pages 263-270
Molecular and Functional Aspects of Some Cytosolic Calcium-Binding Proteins....Pages 271-279
The Major Protein of Frog Otoconia is a Homolog of Phospholipase A2....Pages 281-281
Phosphorylase Kinase from Bovine Stomach Smooth Muscle: A Ca2+-Dependent Protein Kinase Associated with an Actin-Like Molecule....Pages 283-299
Front Matter....Pages 301-311
Structure and Functional Analysis of the Chick Calbindin Gene....Pages 313-320
Regulation of Calbindin-D28K Gene Expression....Pages 321-329
Structure and Regulation of the Rat Duodenal Calbindin D 9k (CaBP-9k) Gene....Pages 331-331
Comparative Regulation at the Intestinal and Uterine Level of Calbindin mRNA in the Fowl....Pages 333-338
Calbindin-D9k Localization and Gestational Changes in the Utero-Placental Unit: A Model for Maternal-Fetal Calcium Transports....Pages 339-346
Potential Role of Calbindins in Enamel Calcification....Pages 347-354
Front Matter....Pages 355-362
Intestinal Calcium Transport and Bone Mineralization in the Spontaneously Diabetic BB Rat....Pages 363-366
Calcium Transport in the Streptozotocin Diabetic Rat: Studies with Brush Border Membrane Vesicles....Pages 367-374
Epithelial Calcium Transport in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR)....Pages 375-375
Interaction between Calcitriol and Thyroid Hormone: Effects on Intestinal Calcium Transport and Bone Resorption....Pages 377-384
Front Matter....Pages 385-392
Lead Poisoning and Calcium Transport....Pages 393-400
Tumoral Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein and Calcium Transport....Pages 401-408
Front Matter....Pages 375-375
Felix Bronner — Forty Years Devoted to Calcium Homeostasis and Transport....Pages 409-415
Back Matter....Pages 417-420
....Pages 421-421