Ebook: Progress in Plant Cellular and Molecular Biology: Proceedings of the VIIth International Congress on Plant Tissue and Cell Culture, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 24–29 June 1990

Plants are an important source of food and of valuable products for industry, agriculture and medicine. They are unique in many aspects of metabolic processes, development and reproduction. Most of these aspects can now be studied by the modern methods and technolo­ gies of molecular and cellular biology. Such studies are also encouraged as to improve plant yield and quality. During the past decade research in plant sciences has demonstrated the feasibility of plant cell and tissue culture techniques as major tools in biology and agriculture. These techniques are also essential in strategies for engineering of biological systems. The proceedings of the VII International Congress on Plant Tissue and Cell Culture in Amsterdam show that in recent years an impressive progress has been achieved. The papers of the congress, with more than 2000 participants, include the full text of plenary lectures, keynote lectures and presentations of speakers who have been selected out of more than 1400 abstracts. This combination, which provides readers with reviews as well as recent findings and future developments, captures an important part of the scientific exchange during the congress. The papers in these proceedings are a reflection of the role of plant cell and tissue culture in disciplines varying from plant breeding to molecular biology. Basic as well as applied studies in a variety of plant disciplines are presented in 4 sections: (1) Genetic manipulation and propagation, (2) Morphogenesis and metabolism, (3) Secondary metabolites and (4) Biotechnology and developing countries.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xiii
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Micropropagation in Crop Species....Pages 3-12
Current Research in Biotechnology with Application to Plant Breeding....Pages 13-22
Plant Regeneration from Embryogenic Calli, Cell Suspension Cultures and Protoplasts of Triticum aestivum L. (Wheat)....Pages 23-32
Tissue, Cell, and Protoplast Culture of Maize (Zea mays L.)....Pages 33-37
Enhancement of Sugar Yield: A Molecular Biological Approach....Pages 38-43
Applications of the Particle Gun in Plant Biology....Pages 44-49
X-Irradiation and Co-Transformation of Petunia “Mitchell” Protoplasts with Two Antibiotic Resistance Genes....Pages 50-55
Gene Transfer to Barley....Pages 56-66
Promoterless Reporter Genes and Their Use in Plant Gene Transformation....Pages 67-72
Rejuvenation and Micropropagation....Pages 73-78
Genotype-Phenotype Interplay in Micropropagation....Pages 79-84
Effect of Mineral Nutrition on the Growth and Multiplication of in vitro Cultured Plants....Pages 85-90
Morphogenesis of Gladiolus Buds in Bioreactors — Implication for Scaled-up Propagation of Geophytes....Pages 91-101
Do We Understand Somaclonal Variation?....Pages 102-107
Gene Expression in Salt Tolerant Alfalfa Cell Cultures and the Salt Tolerant Plants Regenerated from These Cultures....Pages 108-113
Front Matter....Pages 114-118
Glyphosate Resistance and Gene Amplification in Selected Daucus carota Suspension Cultures....Pages 119-124
RFLP-analysis of Rice Plants Regenerated from Tissue Cultures....Pages 125-130
Cell Culture of Alien Chromosome Addition Lines to Induce Somatic Recombination and Gene Introgression....Pages 131-141
Establishing a Tomato Transposon Tagging System with Heterologous Transposons....Pages 142-147
The Use of the Polymerase Chain Reaction to Detect Specific Sequences in Transformed Plant Tissues....Pages 1-1
Differential Expression of Agropine Synthase Gene during Morphogenesis in Vitro....Pages 148-152
Intrinsic GUS-Like Activity....Pages 153-156
Field Testing of Cucumber Plants Which Express the CMV Coat Protein Gene: Field Plot Design to Test Natural Infection Pressures....Pages 157-162
Two Years of Transgenic Flax Field Tests: What do They Tell Us?....Pages 163-168
From Microspore to Embryoid: Faces of the Angiosperm Pollen Grain....Pages 169-174
Two Pathways in Pollen Protoplast Culture: Cell Divisions and Tube Growth....Pages 175-182
Biochemical and Cytological Changes in Young Tobacco Pollen during in vitro Starvation in Relation to Pollen Embryogenesis....Pages 183-188
Molecular and Physiological Differentiation of Pollen in-Vitro....Pages 189-194
Sex Determination in the Dioecious Melandrium: The in Vitro Culture Approach....Pages 195-200
Transformation of Pollen....Pages 201-206
Anther Culture Selection to Enhance Snow Mold Disease Resistance in Winter Wheat....Pages 207-212
Haploid Suspension and Protoplast Culture from Isolated Microspores of Maize....Pages 213-221
Front Matter....Pages 222-227
Haploids from Unpollinated Ovaries of Allium Cepa — Single Plant Screening, Haploid Determination, and Long Term Storage....Pages 228-233
Partial Genome Transfer in Interspecific Tomato Hybrids....Pages 234-238
Transfer of Resistance to PLRV, PVX and PVY from S.brevidens to Potato by Somatic Hybridisation: Characterisation and Field Evaluation....Pages 239-243
Transfer of Tobacco Mosaic Virus Resistance by Asymmetric Protoplast Fusion....Pages 244-251
Improvements of the Brassica Crops by Transfer of Genes from Alien Species Via Somatic Hybridization....Pages 252-257
Front Matter....Pages 258-263
Mechanisms of Somatic Embryogenesis in Celll Cultures— Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology....Pages 264-269
Lipid Synthesis and Transfer....Pages 1-1
Biosynthesis of Triacylglycerols in Plant Cell and Embryo Cultures Their Significance in the Breeding of Oil Plants....Pages 270-274
Lipid Composition of Plasma Membrane from Crown Gall Tumour Cells in Vitro....Pages 275-279
Intracellular Pi-Compartmentation during Phosphate Starvation-Triggered Induction of an Extracellular Ribonuclease in Tomato Cell Culture....Pages 280-285
Aerobic Hexose Metabolism in Embryogenic Cell Lines of Daucus Carota Studied by 13C NMR Using 13C-Enriched Substrates....Pages 286-292
Are Two Localization Sites of Nitrate Reductase Responsible for the Differential Expression in Tobacco Cells during the Growth Cycle ?....Pages 293-298
Phytochrome in Plant Cell Cultures....Pages 299-304
Blue-Light Effects on Gene Expression in Plant-Cell Cultures....Pages 305-305
Light-Dependent Growth and Differentiation Processes in Photoautotrophic Cell Cultures....Pages 307-313
Developmental Mutants in Carrot....Pages 314-323
Tissue and Cell-Specific Expression of Genes Encoding Carrot Extracellular Proteins....Pages 324-331
Front Matter....Pages 332-337
Microspore-derived embryos: A tool for studies in regulation of gene expression in zygotic embryos....Pages 338-342
Molecular changes associated with the commitment phase of microspore embryogenesis....Pages 343-348
Detection of Androgenesis-Related Proteins in Maize....Pages 349-354
Significant Higher Proportions of 1BL-1RS Wheat-Rye Translocation Lines Among Doubled Haploid Progenies Derived from F1 Hybrids between Translocated and Non-Translocated Wheat Cultivars....Pages 355-365
Differences in Responses to 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid (2,4-D) Treatment between Embryogenic and Non-Embryogenic Lines of Alfalfa....Pages 366-372
The Commitment to Embryogenesis, A Cytological Approach....Pages 373-378
Immunocytochemical Localization of Calmodulin During Carrot Somatic Embryogenesis....Pages 379-384
pH Control of Carrot Somatic Embryogenesis....Pages 385-390
Somatic Embryogenesis in Celery: Induction, Control and Changes in Polyamines and Proteins....Pages 391-397
Production and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies against Marker Proteins for Somatic Embryogenesis in Pea (Pisum sativum L.)....Pages 398-401
Signal Transduction at the Membrane Level of Plant Cells....Pages 305-305
Inhibition of Polyamine Biosynthesis Affects the Rhizogenic Response in Tobacco Thin Cell Layers....Pages 402-406
Plant Growth Regulator Manipulations in Sugar Beet....Pages 407-409
Regulation of Cytokinin Catabolism in Tobacco Callus Cultures....Pages 410-415
Differential Sensitivity to Auxin at the Plasma Membrane Level....Pages 416-421
Roles of the Primary Cell Wall in Morphogenesis....Pages 422-426
Signals Influencing Cell Elongation, Cell Enlargment, Cell Division And Morphogenesis....Pages 427-436
Effect of a Xyloglucan-Derived Nonasaccharide on Carrot Protoplasts....Pages 437-442
Characterization of GP57, an Auxin-Regulated and Dermaltissue-Localized Extracellular Glycoprotein of Carrot....Pages 443-448
Front Matter....Pages 449-453
Front Matter....Pages 454-459
Possibilities for Improving Yields of Secondary Metabolites in Plant Cell Cultures....Pages 460-465
The Toxic Compartment of Plant Cells....Pages 466-479
Transport and Accumulation of Secondary Metabolites....Pages 480-485
Accumulation of Ajmalicine and Serpentine in Vacuoles Isolated from Catharanthus Roseus Cell Suspension Cultures....Pages 486-491
Recovery of Secondary Metabolites with Minimal Loss of Cell Viability....Pages 492-497
Cellular Aspects of Thiophene Accumulation in Relation to Root Differentiation....Pages 498-503
Possibilities of Finding New Products from Plant Cell Cultures....Pages 504-513
Large-Scale Production of New Biologically Active Compounds in Plant-Cell Cultures....Pages 514-519
Terpene Production by Liverworts of in Vitro Cultures....Pages 520-525
Immobilized Ginkgo Biloba Cell Cultures....Pages 526-531
Isolation and Distribution of 7?-Hydroxyhyoscyamine in Solanaceous Plants....Pages 305-305
Bioconversion of Xenobiotics (Pesticides) in Plant Cell Cultures....Pages 532-537
Bioconversion of Precursors Occurring in Plants and of Related Synthetic Compounds....Pages 538-543
Bioconversion of Xenobiotics in Different Plant Systems — Cell Suspension Cultures, Root Cultures and Intact Plants....Pages 545-545
Metabolism of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) by Plant Tissue Cultures....Pages 547-556
Metabolism of Metribuzin in Tomato Cell Cultures by a Glucosyltransferase....Pages 557-566
Conversion of Glucosinolate Synthetic Precursors in Brassica Cultures....Pages 567-576
Front Matter....Pages 577-581
Possibilities, Problems, and Pitfalls of Large-Scale Plant Cell Cultures....Pages 582-586
The Effect of Continuous High Shear Stress on Plant Cell Suspension Cultures....Pages 587-591
Application of the Liquid-Impelled Loop Reactor for the Production of Anthraquinones by Plant Cell Cultures....Pages 592-600
The Cultivation of Transformed Roots from Laboratory to Pilot Plant....Pages 601-608
Use of Genetic Engineering to Improve Yields in Cell Cultures, e.g. (Anti)Sense DNA Technology....Pages 609-613
Strategies to Improve Yields of Secondary Metabolites to Industrially Interesting Levels....Pages 614-618
Selection of High-Yielding Cell Lines of Tagetes Using Flow Cytometry....Pages 619-624
Principles Regulating Formation and Activity of Secondary Metabolic Enzymes in Plant Tissue and Cell Cultures....Pages 625-630
Enzymology of Alkaloid Production in Plant Cell Cultures....Pages 631-639
Affecting Secondary Product Formation in Suspension and Hairy Root Cultures — a Comparison....Pages 640-649
Molecular Cloning, and Tissue- and Cell-Specific Expression of Hyoscyamine 6?-Hydroxylase....Pages 650-655
Front Matter....Pages 656-660
Perspectives in Plant Cell and Tissue Culture in Developing Countries....Pages 661-666
Commercialisation of Agricultural Biotechnology in India: Opportunities, Progress and Problems....Pages 667-672
Impact of Tissue Culture Techniques on the Development of Agribusiness in Mexico....Pages 545-545
A Model for Comparing and Evaluating Biotechnological Innovations for Small-Scale Farmers in Developing Countries....Pages 673-681
Back Matter....Pages 682-688
....Pages 689-693