Ebook: Auditory Pathway: Structure and Function

Since the last symposium on "Neuronal Mechanisms of Hearing" held in Prague in 1980 and published in the volume of the same name (J. Syka and L. Aitkin, Eds. , Plenum Press, 1981), remarkable progress has been achieved in the understanding of the auditory system. A variety of new ideas and new methods have emerged. This progress can be easily documented by comparing the volume based on the 1980 Symposium with the program for the 1987 Symposium. For example, there were 45 contributions to auditory physiology in each symposium but there were 27 contributions focusing on anatomy in 1987 as compared to 7 in 1980, and perhaps most telling, there were 12 contributions to the neurochemistry of the system in 1987 while there were only 3 in 1980. In terms of percentages of contributions, neuroanatomy rose from 13% to 32% and neurochemistry (or chemical anatomy) rose from 5% in 1980 to 14% in 1987. These increases in the numbers and proportions of anatomical and neurochemical contributions undoubtedly reflects the increasing availabil­ ity and rising expertise in the new neuroanatomica1 and biochemical techniques most notably, tract-tracing by exploitation of axonal transport or by intracellular micro-injection methods, and neurotransmitter identifi­ cation by use of immunocytochemistry or receptor-binding techniques. New ideas have emerged on the function of cochlear hair cells particularly in connection with olivococh1ear bundle stimulation and supported by findings of contractile proteins in outer hair cells.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xi
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
New Aspects of Comparative Peripheral Auditory Physiology....Pages 3-12
Transfer Function of the Outer Ear of the Guinea Pig Measured by FFT and FFT Scan Analysis of Cochlear Microphonic Response....Pages 13-16
Cytoskeletal Organisation in the Apex of Cochlear Hair Cells....Pages 17-21
Further Investigation About the Function of Inner Ear Melanin....Pages 23-28
The Thromboxane/Prostacyclin Balance in Guinea Pig Cochlea....Pages 29-34
Peripheral Auditory Development in the Cat and Rat....Pages 35-39
Noise Induced Hair Cell Loss During the Sensitive Period of Developing Rat Pup Cochlea....Pages 41-44
Interaural Difference of Pseudothreshold of Stimulated Otoacoustic Emission in Unilateral Inner Ear Impairments....Pages 45-50
Responses of Cochlear Afferents to Low-Frequency Tones: Intensity Dependence....Pages 51-55
Front Matter....Pages 57-62
Anatomy of the Mammalian Cochlear Nuclei; a Review....Pages 63-63
Observations on the Cytoarchitecture of the Guinea Pig Ventral Cochlear Nucleus....Pages 65-75
Cellular Connections Revealed by Transneuronal Transport of HRP in the Guinea Pig Cochlear Nucleus....Pages 77-82
Morphometric and Cytoarchitectural Study of the Different Neuronal Types in the VCN of the Rat....Pages 83-87
Relationship between the Level of Origin of Primary Fibers in the Rat Cochlea and their Spatial Distribution in the Rat Cochlear Nuclei....Pages 89-93
The Central Projection of Intracellularly Labeled Auditory Nerve Fibers: Morphometric Relationships Between Structural and Physiological Properties....Pages 95-99
Neurotransmitter Microchemistry of the Cochlear Nucleus and Superior Olivary Complex....Pages 101-106
Cholinergic, Gaba-Ergic, and Noradrenergic Input to Cochlear Granule Cells in the Guinea Pig and Monkey....Pages 107-121
Glutamate Decarboxylase Immunostaining in the Human Cochlear Nucleus....Pages 123-131
Forward Masking of Single Neurons in the Cochlear Nucleus....Pages 133-139
Front Matter....Pages 141-147
Responses of Cat Ventral Cochlear Nucleus Neurones to Variations in the Rate and Intensity of Electric Current Pulses....Pages 63-63
Cochlear Frequency Selectivity and Brainstem Evoked Response (BER) Dependence on Click Polarity....Pages 149-154
Latency “Shift” of the Wave V in Bera for Lower Frequencies?....Pages 155-161
The Influence of Relaxation, Quality and Gain of Signals on Bera Latency....Pages 163-164
Front Matter....Pages 165-167
Organization of the Lateral Lemniscal Fibers Converging Onto the Inferior Colliculus in the Cat: An Anatomical Review....Pages 169-169
Different Binaural Inputs Subdividing Isofrequency Planes in Chick Inferior Colliculus: Evidence from 2-Deoxyglucose....Pages 171-183
Functional Organization of the Ventral and Medial Divisions of the Medial Geniculate Body (MGB) of the Cat....Pages 185-190
Topography of the Thalamotelencephalic Projections in the Auditory System of a Songbird (Sturnus Vulgaris)....Pages 191-196
Study with Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) of the Connections Between the Cochlear Nuclei and the Inferior Colliculus of the Rat....Pages 197-202
Physiological Properties of Units in the Cochlear Nucleus are Adequate for a Model of Periodicity Analysis in the Auditory Midbrain....Pages 203-205
Monaural Phase Sensitivity in Neurons from the Cat’s Auditory System....Pages 207-212
Cochlear Potentials and Responses from Structures of Auditory Pathway Influenced by High-Intensive Noise....Pages 213-216
Front Matter....Pages 217-220
Auditory Cortex: Multiple Fields, their Architectonics and Connections in the Mongolian Gerbil....Pages 221-221
Golgi Studies on the Human Auditory Cortex....Pages 223-228
Structure of the Gaba-Ergic Inhibitory System in the Chicken Auditory Pathway Revealed by Immunocytochemistry....Pages 229-232
Function of the GABA-Ergic Inhibitory System in the Chicken Auditory Forebrain....Pages 233-237
Resolution of Components of Harmonic Complex Tones by Single Neurons in the Alert Auditory Cortex....Pages 239-244
Front Matter....Pages 245-249
Physiology of the Olivocochlear Efferents....Pages 251-251
Physiology of Cochlear Efferents in the Mammal....Pages 253-267
Descending Central Auditory Pathway — Structure and Function....Pages 269-278
Front Matter....Pages 279-292
Localization of Cortical Neurons Projecting to the Inferior Colliculus in the Rat and Guinea Pig....Pages 251-251
Efferent Descending Projections from the Inferior Colliculus in Guinea Pig....Pages 293-298
Some Speculations on the Function of the Descending Auditory Pathways....Pages 299-303
Front Matter....Pages 305-309
Human Auditory Physiology Studied with Positron Emission Tomography....Pages 311-311
Medial Geniculate Body Unit Responses to Cat Cries....Pages 313-317
Projections from Superior Temporal Gyrus: Convergent Connections between Structures Involved in Both Audition and Phonation....Pages 319-322
Neural Processing of AM-Sounds within Central Auditory Pathway....Pages 323-326
Front Matter....Pages 327-331
Properties of Central Auditory Neurones of Cats Responding to Free-Field Acoustic Stimuli....Pages 333-333
Information Processing Concerning Moving Sound Sources in the Auditory Centers and its Utilization by Brain Integrative and Motor Structures....Pages 335-347
Back Matter....Pages 349-354
....Pages 355-363