Ebook: Insulin, Insulin-like Growth Factors, and Their Receptors in the Central Nervous System

Traditionally, intercellular communication and the regulation of biological functions of the body have been considered the role of two major and distinct systems: the nervous system and the endocrine system. The classic nervous system transmitted its signal rapidly by using electrical currents, whereas the signals used by the endocrine system were hormones produced by endocrine glands which reached the target tissues via the blood stream. During the past few decades, it has become apparent that these systems of intercellular com­ munication are not distinct and the signal messenger molecules are not unique to one or the other system. Many classic endocrine hormones are found in and act on nervous tissues and evidence exists for their de novo synthesis by neural­ related tissues. An exciting development in this area is the possibility that insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGF) are not only produced by neural tissues but also exert profound physiological and biochemical effects on these tissues. The area of investigation of CNS insulin and IGF has been expanding rapidly and the availability of this book complete with up-to-date reviews on the subject by leaders in the field allows other scientists to utilize the knowledge in planning and adapting the latest ideas for future experiments. In addition, the book provides a collection of up-to-date articles for teachers to be used for the latest instructional material. The first section of the book covers general aspects of insulin receptors and insulin action.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-viii
Internalization of Insulin and Its Receptor: Role in Signaling....Pages 1-10
Insulin-Activated Phosphorylation on Tyrosine of a 15 Kilodalton Cytosolic Protein in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes....Pages 11-26
Role of Protein Phosphorylation in Growth Factor Signal Transduction....Pages 27-46
The Processing and Transport of Peptide Hormones Across Endothelial Cell Barriers....Pages 47-60
The Role of Phospholipid Metabolism in Insulin Action....Pages 61-69
Glucose Transporters: Overview and Implications for the Brain....Pages 71-92
Alteration of Insulin Receptor Binding and Protein Kinase Activity in Rat Liver and Placenta by ?-Naphthoflavone....Pages 93-106
Evolution of Insulin and Insulin Receptors....Pages 107-120
Evidence for Central Nervous System Insulin Synthesis....Pages 121-130
Localization of Insulin to Neuronal Cells....Pages 131-137
Synthesis of Insulin or a Similar Peptide in the Pituitary Gland and in Retinal Muller Cells....Pages 139-149
Insulin in the Central Nervous System: A Regulator of Appetite and Body Weight....Pages 151-162
Insulin in the Brain: A Feedback Loop Involving Brain Insulin and Circumventricular Organs....Pages 163-175
Structural Evidence for a Subtype of Insulin Receptor in the Central Nervous System....Pages 177-190
Physiologically Unique Insulin Receptors on Neuronal Cells....Pages 191-200
Insulin Receptors in Brain Development....Pages 201-208
Insulin Downregulates Alpha-2 Adrenergic Receptors in Cultured Glial Cells....Pages 209-214
Somatomedins (Insulin-Like Growth Factors) and the Nervous System....Pages 215-244
Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptors in the Brain....Pages 245-260
Receptors for Insulin and Insulin Related Peptides in the CNS: Studies of Localization in Rat Brain....Pages 261-267
Visualization of IGF-2 Receptors in Rat Brain....Pages 269-275
Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Their Receptors in the Pituitary and Hypothalamus....Pages 277-295
Two Types of Receptor for Insulin-Like Growth Factors are Expressed on Normal and Malignant Cells from Mammalian Brain....Pages 297-313
Role of Insulin, Insulinlike Growth Factors, and Nerve Growth Factor in Neurite Formation....Pages 315-348
Back Matter....Pages 349-358

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-viii
Internalization of Insulin and Its Receptor: Role in Signaling....Pages 1-10
Insulin-Activated Phosphorylation on Tyrosine of a 15 Kilodalton Cytosolic Protein in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes....Pages 11-26
Role of Protein Phosphorylation in Growth Factor Signal Transduction....Pages 27-46
The Processing and Transport of Peptide Hormones Across Endothelial Cell Barriers....Pages 47-60
The Role of Phospholipid Metabolism in Insulin Action....Pages 61-69
Glucose Transporters: Overview and Implications for the Brain....Pages 71-92
Alteration of Insulin Receptor Binding and Protein Kinase Activity in Rat Liver and Placenta by ?-Naphthoflavone....Pages 93-106
Evolution of Insulin and Insulin Receptors....Pages 107-120
Evidence for Central Nervous System Insulin Synthesis....Pages 121-130
Localization of Insulin to Neuronal Cells....Pages 131-137
Synthesis of Insulin or a Similar Peptide in the Pituitary Gland and in Retinal Muller Cells....Pages 139-149
Insulin in the Central Nervous System: A Regulator of Appetite and Body Weight....Pages 151-162
Insulin in the Brain: A Feedback Loop Involving Brain Insulin and Circumventricular Organs....Pages 163-175
Structural Evidence for a Subtype of Insulin Receptor in the Central Nervous System....Pages 177-190
Physiologically Unique Insulin Receptors on Neuronal Cells....Pages 191-200
Insulin Receptors in Brain Development....Pages 201-208
Insulin Downregulates Alpha-2 Adrenergic Receptors in Cultured Glial Cells....Pages 209-214
Somatomedins (Insulin-Like Growth Factors) and the Nervous System....Pages 215-244
Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptors in the Brain....Pages 245-260
Receptors for Insulin and Insulin Related Peptides in the CNS: Studies of Localization in Rat Brain....Pages 261-267
Visualization of IGF-2 Receptors in Rat Brain....Pages 269-275
Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Their Receptors in the Pituitary and Hypothalamus....Pages 277-295
Two Types of Receptor for Insulin-Like Growth Factors are Expressed on Normal and Malignant Cells from Mammalian Brain....Pages 297-313
Role of Insulin, Insulinlike Growth Factors, and Nerve Growth Factor in Neurite Formation....Pages 315-348
Back Matter....Pages 349-358
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