Ebook: Changing Metal Cycles and Human Health: Report of the Dahlem Workshop on Changing Metal Cycles and Human Health, Berlin 1983, March 20–25
- Tags: Ecology, Ecotoxicology, Agriculture, Forestry, Waste Management/Waste Technology, Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution
- Series: Dahlem Workshop Reports Life Sciences Research Report 28
- Year: 1984
- Publisher: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
- Edition: 1
- Language: English
- pdf
of metal interactions with subcellular biochemical systems usually either are metabolites of the system affected (porphyrinurias) or represent some specific function of a cellular system being impaired (proteinurias). One typically finds a continuum of symptoms, from the subtle or so-called "no effect" bio chemical and physiological indicators of exposure to severe clinical disease and death. This continuum is the basis of much of the controversy since many health officials follow the traditional practice of applying the "threshold health-effect" concept in evaluating the problems of environmental exposure to metals. The past decade or so, however, has seen a vast increase in our understanding of the effects of elevated concentrations of toxic metals in local populations and ecosystems. At the same time, there is a growing awareness that the effects of the metals which occur naturally in the environment must be distinguished from those imposed by the pollutant fraction. This point was amply document ed in a recent study of cadmium intake and cadmium in a number of human tissues in Sweden, Japan, and the United States, which showed fairly conclu sively that the background exposure in Japan was about threefold higher than in the other two countries (2). One immediate implication is that any health ef fect studies of cadmium in Japan using control groups within that country are liable to underestimate the difference between the exposed and the control groups simply because of the the high "background" intake.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-x
Introduction....Pages 1-6
Historical Records of Metal Pollution in the Environment....Pages 7-25
Anthropogenic Perturbation of Metal Fluxes into the Atmosphere....Pages 27-41
Fluxes of Metals Through the Atmosphere and Oceans....Pages 43-69
Metal Pollution Of Terrestrial Waters....Pages 71-94
Pollution of Soils by Cadmium....Pages 95-111
The Contamination of Plants and Soils with Heavy Metals and the Transport of Metals in Terrestrial Food Chains....Pages 113-141
Transport of Trace Metals in Marine Food Chains....Pages 143-167
Additional Exposure Routes....Pages 169-186
Bioavailability oF Trace Elements in Foodstuffs and Beverages....Pages 187-198
Bacterial Transformations of and Resistance to Heavy Metals....Pages 199-223
New Approaches to Study Effects of Metals and Their Compounds in Vitro and in Vivo....Pages 225-236
Biochemical Interactions of Mercury, Cadmium, and Lead....Pages 237-250
Structural Aspects of Metal Toxicity....Pages 251-263
Metabolism and Toxicity of Metals....Pages 265-274
Cadmium....Pages 275-284
Mercury....Pages 285-309
The Hazard to Health of Lead Exposure at Low Dose....Pages 311-322
Standard Setting and Metal Speciation: Arsenic....Pages 323-344
Modeling Exposure Routes of Trace Metals from Sources to Man....Pages 345-356
Changing Biogeochemical Cycles....Pages 359-373
Routes of Exposure to Humans and Bioavailability....Pages 375-388
Structure, Mechanism, and Toxicity....Pages 391-404
Perspectives and Prospectives on Health Effects of Metals....Pages 407-423
Back Matter....Pages 424-446
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-x
Introduction....Pages 1-6
Historical Records of Metal Pollution in the Environment....Pages 7-25
Anthropogenic Perturbation of Metal Fluxes into the Atmosphere....Pages 27-41
Fluxes of Metals Through the Atmosphere and Oceans....Pages 43-69
Metal Pollution Of Terrestrial Waters....Pages 71-94
Pollution of Soils by Cadmium....Pages 95-111
The Contamination of Plants and Soils with Heavy Metals and the Transport of Metals in Terrestrial Food Chains....Pages 113-141
Transport of Trace Metals in Marine Food Chains....Pages 143-167
Additional Exposure Routes....Pages 169-186
Bioavailability oF Trace Elements in Foodstuffs and Beverages....Pages 187-198
Bacterial Transformations of and Resistance to Heavy Metals....Pages 199-223
New Approaches to Study Effects of Metals and Their Compounds in Vitro and in Vivo....Pages 225-236
Biochemical Interactions of Mercury, Cadmium, and Lead....Pages 237-250
Structural Aspects of Metal Toxicity....Pages 251-263
Metabolism and Toxicity of Metals....Pages 265-274
Cadmium....Pages 275-284
Mercury....Pages 285-309
The Hazard to Health of Lead Exposure at Low Dose....Pages 311-322
Standard Setting and Metal Speciation: Arsenic....Pages 323-344
Modeling Exposure Routes of Trace Metals from Sources to Man....Pages 345-356
Changing Biogeochemical Cycles....Pages 359-373
Routes of Exposure to Humans and Bioavailability....Pages 375-388
Structure, Mechanism, and Toxicity....Pages 391-404
Perspectives and Prospectives on Health Effects of Metals....Pages 407-423
Back Matter....Pages 424-446
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