Ebook: Human Consequences of Crowding

This volume contains papers selected from among those submitted to the Symposium on "Human Consequences of Crowding", held in Antalya, Turkey, 6-11 November, 1977. Realizing an international symposium of this scope, and preparing the manu­ script for pUblication afterwards, necessitated the assistance and support of so many people that it is impossible to name all but a few of them. First of all, we are par­ ticularly grateful to the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO (Special Programme Panel on Human Factors), and the Middle East Technical University in Ankara, Turkey, the co-sponsors of the Symposium. Dr. Robert B. Bechtel of the Environ­ mental Research and Development Foundation, Tucson, Arizona, U. S. A . • joined the editors of the present volume in planning the Symposium, and acted as a "point of contact" for the Americas and the Pacific Region. An advisory board consisting of Mithat

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages N1-ix
Introduction....Pages 1-5
Front Matter....Pages 7-8
The Human Consequences of Crowding: Where we Stand, Where we should be Going....Pages 9-14
Environmental Planning in a Democratic Society....Pages 15-25
A Politico-Psychological Perspective on Crowding....Pages 27-36
The Task Interference Model of Crowding....Pages 37-44
Crowding: An Ecological Approach....Pages 45-55
Individual Variation in Perception, Adaptation, and Consequent Crowding....Pages 57-65
A Systematic Approach to High Density Settings: Psychological, Social, and Physical Environmental Factors....Pages 67-82
Spatial Dimensions of Human Crowding....Pages 83-96
Front Matter....Pages 97-97
The Conseouences of Crowding on Children....Pages 99-113
Human and Non-Human Components of Crowding....Pages 115-124
Reactions to Personal Space Invasion: Experimental Tests of an Attributional Analysis....Pages 125-138
Social Crowding and the Complexity of the Built Environment: A Theoretical and Experimental Framework....Pages 139-146
Experimental Investigations of the Determinants and Personal Conseouences of Crowding....Pages 147-159
Social Determinants of Crowding....Pages 161-167
Crowding and Environmental Control....Pages 169-178
Individual and Cultural Differences in Coping with Crowds and Crowded Conditions....Pages 179-183
Front Matter....Pages 185-185
A Multidimensional Analysis of Subjective Crowding....Pages 187-204
Conceptual Dimensions of Crowding: A Multidimensional Scaling Analysis....Pages 205-217
Multivariate Dimensions in the Perception of Public Areas by Turkish University Students....Pages 219-229
Front Matter....Pages 231-231
Shared Spaces in Crowded Areas....Pages 233-240
Community and Behavior in Urban Environments....Pages 241-249
The Impact of Social Environmental Factors on Fertility Behavior in Turkey and in the United States and its Implications for Crowding....Pages 251-260
Impact of Family Crowding on the Design Problems of Dwelling Units within Turkey....Pages 261-270
Crowding in Households: Chicago, Illinois Versus Istanbul, Turkey....Pages 271-279
Cluster Layouts in High Density Urban Situations....Pages 281-291
Back Matter....Pages 293-331

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages N1-ix
Introduction....Pages 1-5
Front Matter....Pages 7-8
The Human Consequences of Crowding: Where we Stand, Where we should be Going....Pages 9-14
Environmental Planning in a Democratic Society....Pages 15-25
A Politico-Psychological Perspective on Crowding....Pages 27-36
The Task Interference Model of Crowding....Pages 37-44
Crowding: An Ecological Approach....Pages 45-55
Individual Variation in Perception, Adaptation, and Consequent Crowding....Pages 57-65
A Systematic Approach to High Density Settings: Psychological, Social, and Physical Environmental Factors....Pages 67-82
Spatial Dimensions of Human Crowding....Pages 83-96
Front Matter....Pages 97-97
The Conseouences of Crowding on Children....Pages 99-113
Human and Non-Human Components of Crowding....Pages 115-124
Reactions to Personal Space Invasion: Experimental Tests of an Attributional Analysis....Pages 125-138
Social Crowding and the Complexity of the Built Environment: A Theoretical and Experimental Framework....Pages 139-146
Experimental Investigations of the Determinants and Personal Conseouences of Crowding....Pages 147-159
Social Determinants of Crowding....Pages 161-167
Crowding and Environmental Control....Pages 169-178
Individual and Cultural Differences in Coping with Crowds and Crowded Conditions....Pages 179-183
Front Matter....Pages 185-185
A Multidimensional Analysis of Subjective Crowding....Pages 187-204
Conceptual Dimensions of Crowding: A Multidimensional Scaling Analysis....Pages 205-217
Multivariate Dimensions in the Perception of Public Areas by Turkish University Students....Pages 219-229
Front Matter....Pages 231-231
Shared Spaces in Crowded Areas....Pages 233-240
Community and Behavior in Urban Environments....Pages 241-249
The Impact of Social Environmental Factors on Fertility Behavior in Turkey and in the United States and its Implications for Crowding....Pages 251-260
Impact of Family Crowding on the Design Problems of Dwelling Units within Turkey....Pages 261-270
Crowding in Households: Chicago, Illinois Versus Istanbul, Turkey....Pages 271-279
Cluster Layouts in High Density Urban Situations....Pages 281-291
Back Matter....Pages 293-331
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