Ebook: Nucleic Acids in Immunology: Proceedings of a Symposium Held at the Institute of Microbiology of Rutgers, The State University

Two fields have played a leading role in biomedical research in recent years, the biochemistry of nucleic acids and immunology. Yet, with the exception of those aspects which have been concerned with antibody synthesis as an example of protein synthesis, there was until recently a lack of direct association between the two fields. Until quite recently the antigenicity of nucleic acids was still in doubt and indeed represented a controversial subject. Also, the exact role of the various nucleic acids in various stages of antibody synthesis was uncertain. These skepticisms and uncertainties disappeared rapidly in the last few years. New experi­ mental approaches brought the realization that nucleic acids, under appropriate conditions, are indeed immunogenic, and that the resulting antibodies can furnish new tools for the exploration of the mplecular structure of the all-important family of nucleic acid molecules. ' At the same time, the recognition of the antigenicity of nucleic acids brought a new level of understanding to certain auto-immune diseases and pro­ vided new material for the exploration of the role of a carrier in immune responses. Side by side with this development was the almost explosive development of new experimental approaches and new ideas pertaining to the problem of antibody formation. Nucleic acids in their various forms were recognized as playing an expected major role in the activation of antibody-forming cells. Perhaps less to be expected was the role they can playas non-specific stimulators of antibody formation.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xvii
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Reading the Helix Backwards....Pages 3-4
Methylated Bovine Serum Albumin as a Carrier for Oligo- and Poly-Nucleotides....Pages 5-17
The Production of Antibodies to Mononucleotides, Oligonucleotides, and DNA....Pages 18-31
Specific Antibodies to Polynucleotide Complexes and their Reaction with Nucleic Acids: Importance of the Secondary Structure of the Antigen....Pages 32-46
Specificity in the Reaction between Anti-Pyrimidine Nucleoside Antibodies and DNA....Pages 47-57
Antibodies to the Terminal Moieties of Guanine Mononucleotides and Guanine-Containing Dinucleotides....Pages 58-66
Front Matter....Pages 77-77
Formation and Isolation of Antibodies Specific for Nucleotides....Pages 79-87
The Reaction of Anti-Deoxyribonucleic Acid Sera with Nucleoside and Nucleotide Conjugates....Pages 88-97
The Various Types of DNA Antibodies in Lupus Sera....Pages 98-113
DNA and Nucleoprotein Determinants for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Sera....Pages 114-124
Cellular Phases of the Immune Response Following Immunization with Mammalian and Bacterial Ribosomes....Pages 125-146
Front Matter....Pages 155-155
Immunological Evidence for the Existence of Thymine Dimers in Ultraviolet Irradiated DNA....Pages 157-164
Immunological Evidence for the Identity of a Photoproduct Formed during Photooxidation of DNA with Methylene Blue, Rose Bengal, Thionin, and Acridine Orange....Pages 165-173
Use of Anti-RNA Antibodies in the Study of the Structure of Polynucleotides and Ribosomal Particles....Pages 174-200
Inhibition of Bacterial Transformation by Nucleic Acid-Specific Antibodies....Pages 201-221
Effects of Anti-Hapten Antibodies on the Biological Activities of Nucleic Acids....Pages 222-247
Use of Fluorescein-Labelled Anti-Nuclear Antibodies in the Study of Chromosomal Structure....Pages 248-270
Front Matter....Pages 275-275
The Genetic Control of the Immune Response to Hapten-Poly-L Lysine Conjugates in Guinea Pigs....Pages 277-287
The Relationship of the Hapten to the Carrier in the Induction and Specificity of the Immune Response....Pages 288-300
Importance of Immunogenicity of the Carrier in Inducing a Response against Carrier-Synthetic Polymer Aggregates....Pages 301-318
Front Matter....Pages 275-275
Specificity of the Immune Response as a Function of the Carrier....Pages 319-329
The Role of Conformation in the Structure of Antigenic Sites....Pages 330-337
Front Matter....Pages 345-345
Stimulation of Antibody-Forming Cells by Oligonucleotides of Known Composition....Pages 347-363
Influence of Oligonucleotides of Known Composition on Rates of DNA Synthesis in Pneumococci....Pages 364-378
Enhancement of Antibody Formation by Nucleic Acids and their Derivatives....Pages 379-385
Restoration of Immunologic Capacities in Irradiated Animals by Nucleic Acids and their Derivatives....Pages 386-403
Nucleic Acids and Induction of Antibody Synthesis in Inhibited Systems....Pages 404-413
Induction of an Allogeneic-Like Inhibition by Means of DNA Obtained from Untreated Cells....Pages 414-428
Front Matter....Pages 437-437
Antibody Formation Initiated in Vitro with RNA and RNA-Antigen Complexes....Pages 439-446
Roles of DNA and RNA in the Antibody Response....Pages 447-470
The Antigen-RNA Complex of Macrophages....Pages 471-486
On the Role of Antigen Fragments and RNA in the Immune Response of Rabbits to a Soluble Antigen....Pages 487-504
The Nature of Immunogenic RNA-Antigen Complexes in Immune and Tolerant Mice....Pages 505-526
Stimulation of Anti-Tumor Activity of the Host with RNA from Immune Lymphocytes....Pages 527-534
Front Matter....Pages 545-545
Fractionation of RNA Capable of Transferring Transplantation Immunity....Pages 547-559
Induction of Accelerated Graft Rejection and Enhanced Graft-Versus-Host Reaction with RNA from Lymphoid Organs of Animals Immunized with Allogeneic Tissues....Pages 560-572
Unique Species of RNA in Peritoneal Cells Exposed to Different Antigens....Pages 573-589
Studies in Vitro on Immunoglobulin Biosynthesis....Pages 590-604
Synthesis and Assembly of Immunoglobulin....Pages 605-613
On the Role of Nucleic Acids as Genes Conferring Precise Chemospecificity to Differentiated Cell Lines....Pages 614-643
Front Matter....Pages 545-545
Studies on the Multiple Isoaccepting Transfer Ribonucleic Acids in Mouse Plasma Cell Tumors....Pages 644-659
Isolation and Characterization of RNA Produced in Response to Antigen....Pages 660-663
Front Matter....Pages 669-669
The Molecular Biology of Expectation....Pages 671-715
Back Matter....Pages 717-724

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xvii
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Reading the Helix Backwards....Pages 3-4
Methylated Bovine Serum Albumin as a Carrier for Oligo- and Poly-Nucleotides....Pages 5-17
The Production of Antibodies to Mononucleotides, Oligonucleotides, and DNA....Pages 18-31
Specific Antibodies to Polynucleotide Complexes and their Reaction with Nucleic Acids: Importance of the Secondary Structure of the Antigen....Pages 32-46
Specificity in the Reaction between Anti-Pyrimidine Nucleoside Antibodies and DNA....Pages 47-57
Antibodies to the Terminal Moieties of Guanine Mononucleotides and Guanine-Containing Dinucleotides....Pages 58-66
Front Matter....Pages 77-77
Formation and Isolation of Antibodies Specific for Nucleotides....Pages 79-87
The Reaction of Anti-Deoxyribonucleic Acid Sera with Nucleoside and Nucleotide Conjugates....Pages 88-97
The Various Types of DNA Antibodies in Lupus Sera....Pages 98-113
DNA and Nucleoprotein Determinants for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Sera....Pages 114-124
Cellular Phases of the Immune Response Following Immunization with Mammalian and Bacterial Ribosomes....Pages 125-146
Front Matter....Pages 155-155
Immunological Evidence for the Existence of Thymine Dimers in Ultraviolet Irradiated DNA....Pages 157-164
Immunological Evidence for the Identity of a Photoproduct Formed during Photooxidation of DNA with Methylene Blue, Rose Bengal, Thionin, and Acridine Orange....Pages 165-173
Use of Anti-RNA Antibodies in the Study of the Structure of Polynucleotides and Ribosomal Particles....Pages 174-200
Inhibition of Bacterial Transformation by Nucleic Acid-Specific Antibodies....Pages 201-221
Effects of Anti-Hapten Antibodies on the Biological Activities of Nucleic Acids....Pages 222-247
Use of Fluorescein-Labelled Anti-Nuclear Antibodies in the Study of Chromosomal Structure....Pages 248-270
Front Matter....Pages 275-275
The Genetic Control of the Immune Response to Hapten-Poly-L Lysine Conjugates in Guinea Pigs....Pages 277-287
The Relationship of the Hapten to the Carrier in the Induction and Specificity of the Immune Response....Pages 288-300
Importance of Immunogenicity of the Carrier in Inducing a Response against Carrier-Synthetic Polymer Aggregates....Pages 301-318
Front Matter....Pages 275-275
Specificity of the Immune Response as a Function of the Carrier....Pages 319-329
The Role of Conformation in the Structure of Antigenic Sites....Pages 330-337
Front Matter....Pages 345-345
Stimulation of Antibody-Forming Cells by Oligonucleotides of Known Composition....Pages 347-363
Influence of Oligonucleotides of Known Composition on Rates of DNA Synthesis in Pneumococci....Pages 364-378
Enhancement of Antibody Formation by Nucleic Acids and their Derivatives....Pages 379-385
Restoration of Immunologic Capacities in Irradiated Animals by Nucleic Acids and their Derivatives....Pages 386-403
Nucleic Acids and Induction of Antibody Synthesis in Inhibited Systems....Pages 404-413
Induction of an Allogeneic-Like Inhibition by Means of DNA Obtained from Untreated Cells....Pages 414-428
Front Matter....Pages 437-437
Antibody Formation Initiated in Vitro with RNA and RNA-Antigen Complexes....Pages 439-446
Roles of DNA and RNA in the Antibody Response....Pages 447-470
The Antigen-RNA Complex of Macrophages....Pages 471-486
On the Role of Antigen Fragments and RNA in the Immune Response of Rabbits to a Soluble Antigen....Pages 487-504
The Nature of Immunogenic RNA-Antigen Complexes in Immune and Tolerant Mice....Pages 505-526
Stimulation of Anti-Tumor Activity of the Host with RNA from Immune Lymphocytes....Pages 527-534
Front Matter....Pages 545-545
Fractionation of RNA Capable of Transferring Transplantation Immunity....Pages 547-559
Induction of Accelerated Graft Rejection and Enhanced Graft-Versus-Host Reaction with RNA from Lymphoid Organs of Animals Immunized with Allogeneic Tissues....Pages 560-572
Unique Species of RNA in Peritoneal Cells Exposed to Different Antigens....Pages 573-589
Studies in Vitro on Immunoglobulin Biosynthesis....Pages 590-604
Synthesis and Assembly of Immunoglobulin....Pages 605-613
On the Role of Nucleic Acids as Genes Conferring Precise Chemospecificity to Differentiated Cell Lines....Pages 614-643
Front Matter....Pages 545-545
Studies on the Multiple Isoaccepting Transfer Ribonucleic Acids in Mouse Plasma Cell Tumors....Pages 644-659
Isolation and Characterization of RNA Produced in Response to Antigen....Pages 660-663
Front Matter....Pages 669-669
The Molecular Biology of Expectation....Pages 671-715
Back Matter....Pages 717-724
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