Ebook: Allocation Models and their Use in Economic Planning

Three different lines of approach have contributed to the theory of optimal planning. One approach considers the problem from the view-point of a national government and its adviser, the econometrician planning speci­ alist. The government can, if this is thought to be desirable, stimulate investment in certain directions and discourage other economic activities. By various fiscal devices, it can influence both the total level and the distribution of investment funds over different sectors of production. Also, in many countries, a public agency plays some kind of coordinat­ ing role in the formulation of long-term plans for output by the enter­ prises sector; this may range from administrative direction in so-called centrally planned economies, to persuasion and advice in 'capitalist' economies. Accordingly, the public planner wishes to know what dis­ tribution of the nation's resources would be 'optimal'. This leads to the construction of various models which may be described under the general heading 'input-output type models'. This type of model has been largely developed by practitioners, among whom Sandee [B2] is probably the most outstanding and the earliest. A later, well-developed example of a model based on this approach is, for example, the Czech model by Cerny et al. [Bl]. A second approach considers the problem from the point of view of the private entrepreneur and his adviser, the manager and financial accountant.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XIV
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
What is Efficiency?....Pages 3-8
The Generalized Input-Output Model....Pages 9-66
Inter-Temporal Allocation in the Generalized Model....Pages 67-91
The Balanced Growth Frontier....Pages 92-104
The Dynamized Leontief Model....Pages 105-115
Foreign Trade in the National Economy Model....Pages 116-123
Front Matter....Pages 125-125
The Costing Problem....Pages 127-135
Discounted Cash Flow in the Standard Case....Pages 136-155
Increasing Returns to Scale....Pages 156-161
Some Special Evaluation Problems in Particular Sectors....Pages 162-164
Front Matter....Pages 165-165
The Distribution of Outputs....Pages 167-175
Opportunity Cost and Exchange Price....Pages 176-183
Back Matter....Pages 184-203

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XIV
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
What is Efficiency?....Pages 3-8
The Generalized Input-Output Model....Pages 9-66
Inter-Temporal Allocation in the Generalized Model....Pages 67-91
The Balanced Growth Frontier....Pages 92-104
The Dynamized Leontief Model....Pages 105-115
Foreign Trade in the National Economy Model....Pages 116-123
Front Matter....Pages 125-125
The Costing Problem....Pages 127-135
Discounted Cash Flow in the Standard Case....Pages 136-155
Increasing Returns to Scale....Pages 156-161
Some Special Evaluation Problems in Particular Sectors....Pages 162-164
Front Matter....Pages 165-165
The Distribution of Outputs....Pages 167-175
Opportunity Cost and Exchange Price....Pages 176-183
Back Matter....Pages 184-203
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