Ebook: Oxygen Transport to Tissue XVII

nd The 22 meeting of the International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (LS. O. T. T. ) of which this volume is the scientific proceedings, was held in Istanbul, Turkey on August 22-26, 1994. It was a historical occasion in that it was almost 200 years to the day that one of the founding fathers of oxygen research, Antoine Lavoisier, on May 8, 1794 found his early demise at the hands of the guillotine. This spirit of history set the tone of the conference and in the opening lecture the contribution that this part of the world has given to the understanding of oxygen transport to tissue was highlighted. In particular, the contribution of Galen of Pergamon (129-200) was discussed who for the first time demon­ strated that blood flowed through the arteries and whose view on the physiology of the circulation dominated the ancient world for well over a millennium. A forgotten chapter in the history of the circulation of the blood is the contribution made by Ibn al Nafis of Damascus (1210-1280) who for the first time described the importance of the pulmonary circulation by stating that all venous blood entering the right ventricle ofthe heart passes to the left ventricle, not through pores in the septum of the heart as had been postulated by Galen, but through the circulation of the lungs.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xvii
From Germany to Britton....Pages 1-11
Retino-Choroidal Oxygen Imaging through a Fundus Camera....Pages 13-34
Cerebral Oxygenation During Cardiopulmonary Bypass....Pages 35-39
Lightguide Spectrophotometry for the Assessment of Skin Healing Viability in Critical Limb Ischaemia....Pages 41-44
O2 Flux Optode....Pages 45-51
Reflectance Pulse Oximetry....Pages 53-57
A Novel Method to Demonstrate Capillary Geometry and Perfusion Patterns in Rat Brain from the Same Histological Section....Pages 59-68
Comparison Between Conventional Hemodynamic Monitoring and Polarographic Tissue PO2-Monitoring of the Liver in Early Septicemia of the Pig....Pages 69-75
Estimation of Cerebral Blood Volume and Transit Time in Neonates From Quick Oxygen Increases Measured by Near-Infrared Spectrophotometry....Pages 77-83
Oxygen Dependent Quenching of Phosphorescence....Pages 85-92
Empirical Modeling for Oxygen Transport Processes and Related Physiological and Bioprocess Systems....Pages 93-99
How Tissue Optics Influences Reflectance Pulse Oximetry....Pages 101-107
Effect of Optode Separation on Brain Penetration in Adults....Pages 109-116
Theoretical Basis Versus Clinical Practice of Oxygen Parameters of Blood....Pages 117-132
Physiological Basis of Definitions Relating to Oxygen Transport in Blood....Pages 133-135
Measurement of the Oxygenation Status of the Isolated Perfused Rat Heart Using Near Infrared Detection....Pages 137-141
Plasma Mixing is Likely to Affect Capillary Oxygen Transport in Hard Working Rat Heart....Pages 143-145
Practical Applications of Models of Oxygen Supply, Diffusion, and Consumption....Pages 147-154
The Effect of Capillary Blood Flow on the Oxygen Release into Rat Heart Tissue....Pages 155-160
Myocardial Oxygenation and Contractile Function During Graded Reduction of Coronary Flow....Pages 161-175
Basal Q10 for Cerebral Metabolic Rate for Oxygen (CMRO2) in Rats....Pages 177-183
Comparison of In Vivo Microvascular Perfusion Pattern Between Skeletal Muscle and Heart....Pages 185-189
Control of Oxidative Metabolism in Volume-Overloaded Rat Hearts....Pages 191-195
Cytochrome Oxidase is the Primary Oxygen Sensor in the Cat Carotid Body....Pages 197-204
Cerebral Oxygenation Changes During Motor and Somatosensory Stimulation in Humans, as Measured by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy....Pages 205-212
Preservation of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential During Anoxia....Pages 213-217
Influence of the Treadmill Speed/Slope on Quadriceps Oxygenation During Dynamic Exercise....Pages 219-224
Discrepency Between Evidence and Theory of Myoglobin S02 in Work....Pages 225-229
Is There a Reduction of Ischaemia/Reperfusion Damage in the Isolated Rat Heart by Alternating Oxygenated and Deoxygenated Reperfusion Solutions?....Pages 231-235
Model Analysis of Oxygen Isotope Fractionation in Humans Due to Disturbances of Pulmonary Gas Exchange....Pages 237-240
Simulation of Gas Exchange and Pulmonary Blood Flow Using a Water-Displacement Model Lung....Pages 241-248
What Determines Cardiac Oxygen Consumption and How is it Regulated?....Pages 249-256
Mitochondrial Nadh in The Langendorff Rat Heart Decreases in Response to Increases in Work....Pages 257-264
Hypoxia/Ischemia and the pH Paradox....Pages 265-274
Non Invasive Measurement of Brachioradial Muscle V02-Blood Flow Relationship During Graded Isometric Exercise....Pages 275-282
Extra- and Intracellular Oxygen Supply During Cortical Spreading Depression in the Rat....Pages 283-292
Critical Oxygen Extraction in Piglet Hindlimb is Impaired After Inhibition of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels....Pages 293-298
Diffusion Coefficient of Oxygen in Various Model Layers as Determined by Analysis of Time-Dependent Diffusion....Pages 299-304
Realistic Modelling of Capillary Spacing in Dog Gracilis Muscle Greatly Influences the Heterogeneity of Calculated Tissue Oxygen Pressures....Pages 305-310
Oxygen Transport in Tumors....Pages 311-317
Fluctuations in the Oxygenation of Experimental Tumours....Pages 319-326
The Effects of Chronic Hyperoxia (80%) on the Behavior of Rat Litters....Pages 327-331
The Changes of Skin and Mesenteric Mirovascular Permeability in Adaptation to Hypoxia in Rats....Pages 333-340
Detection of Microregional Fluctuations in Erythrocyte Flow Using Laser Doppler Microprobes....Pages 341-351
Fractionation Effects of Oxygen Isotopes Within Interstitial Lung Disease....Pages 353-356
Changes in Blood Flow in the Common Femoral Artery Related to Inactivity and Muscle Atrophy in Individuals with Long-Standing Paraplegia....Pages 357-362
Tumour Oxygenation....Pages 363-366
Rise of Tissue Temperature Induced by Reduced Blood Perfusion Caused by External Pressure....Pages 367-371
System Parameter Analysis of Nir-Trs Spectra from Homogeneous Media with and without an Absorbing Boundary and from Heterogeneous Media with a Single Absorber....Pages 373-378
Response of Cortical Oxygen Pressure and Striatal Extracellular Dopamine in the Brain of Newborn and Adult Animals to Hypoxia....Pages 379-383
The Role of PAF and the Effect of a Specific PAF Antagonist on Local Tissue PO2 and Neuronal Integrity During and After Photothrombotic Brain Infarction in Unanesthetised Rabbits....Pages 385-390
Monitoring of Mitochondrial Nadh Levels by Surface Fluorimetry as an Indication of Ischaemia During Hepatic and Renal Transplantation....Pages 391-397
Studies on Tumor Oxygenation in a Rat Rhabdomyo-Sarcoma during Fractionated Irradiation....Pages 399-413
Ischemic Heart....Pages 415-421
The Lung in Distress....Pages 423-429
Significance of Endothelium-Derived Relaxing Factor (EDRF) on Pulmonary Vasoconstriction Induced by Hypoxia and Hypercapnia....Pages 431-444
The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of Rat Lung....Pages 445-455
Potentiation of the Age-Dependent Ca Uptake into Coronary Arteries of Rats by the Risk Factor Genetic Hypertension....Pages 457-461
Oxygen Tension in Isotransplanted Mammary Carcinomas and Osteosarcomas Before and After Irradiation....Pages 463-471
Oxygen Supply during Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB) in Cyanotic Patients....Pages 473-481
The Efficacy of Pulse Oxymetry in the Postoperative Respiratory Management of Cardiac Patients....Pages 483-488
Extracorporeal Oxygenation....Pages 489-493
Comparison of Gastric Intramucosal pH Measurements with Oxygen Supply, Oxygen Consumption and Arterial Lactate in Patients with Severe Sepsis....Pages 495-504
Mechanical Ventilation in Ards....Pages 505-508
Assessment of Ventilation Inhomogeneity and Gas Exchange with Volume Controlled Ventilation and Pressure Regulated Volume Controlled Ventilation on Pigs with Surfactant Depleted Lungs....Pages 509-511
Operative Lung Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Via the Lumen of a Movable Bronchial Blocker....Pages 513-519
Sepsis and Nitric Oxide....Pages 521-531
Assessment of Pressure-Volume Curve of the Respiratory System in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with ARDS....Pages 533-538
Titrating Peep Therapy in Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure....Pages 539-544
Effects of Different CPAP Systems on Weaning Parameters in Patients Recovering from Acute Respiratory Failure....Pages 545-549
Negative Slope of Exhaled CO2 Profile....Pages 551-567
Nebulization of Endotoxin during Mechanical Ventilation....Pages 569-574
Supporting Tissue Oxygenation During Acute Surgical Bleeding Using A Perfluorochemical-Based Oxygen Carrier....Pages 575-577
The Role of Amino Groups in Hemoglobin Oxygen Binding....Pages 579-583
Effects of Oxygenator and Pumping Devices on Blood Parameters in Open Heart Surgery....Pages 585-597
CBV during Exchange Transfusion in Infants with Erythroblastosis....Pages 599-602
Effects of Volume Controlled Ventilation with Peep, Pressure Regulated Volume Controlled Ventilation and Low Frequency Positive Pressure Ventilation with Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal on Total Static Lung Compliance and Oxygenation in Pigs with ARDS....Pages 603-609
Effects of Different Modes of Ventilation on Right Ventricular Function in Patients with ARDS....Pages 611-615
Pulmonary Mechanics during Laparoscopic Surgery....Pages 617-623
Short Term Effects of SIMV and PSV on Work of Breathing by Pulmonary Monitor CP-100 (Bicore)....Pages 625-628
Back Matter....Pages 629-636
....Pages 637-642