Ebook: Ocean Colour: Theory and Applications in a Decade of CZCS Experience

Optical remote sensing is of invaluable help in understanding the marine environment and its biogeochemical and physical processes. The Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS), which operated on board the Nimbus-7 satellite from late 1978 to early 1986, has been the main source of ocean colour data. Much work has been devoted to CZCS data processing and analysis techniques throughout the 1980s. After a decade of experience, the Productivity of the Global Ocean (PGO) Activity - which was established in the framework of the International Space Year 1992 (ISY '92) by SAFISY, the Space Agency Forum of ISY - sponsored a workshop aimed at providing a reference in ocean colour science and at promoting the full exploitation of the CZCS historical data in the field of biological oceanography. The present volume comprises a series of state-of-the-art contributions on theory, applications and future perspectives of ocean colour. After an introduction on the historical perspective of ocean colour, a number of articles are devoted to the CZCS theoretical background, on radiative transfer and in-water topics, as well as on calibration, atmospheric correction and pigment concentration retrieval algorithms developed for the CZCS. Further, a review is given of major applications of CZCS data around the world, carried out in the past decade. The following part of the book is centered on the application of ocean colour to the assessment of marine biological information, with particular regard to plankton biomass, primary productivity and the coupling of physical/biological models. The links between global oceanic production and climate dynamics are also addressed. Finally, the last section is devoted to future approaches and goals of ocean colour science, and to planned sensors and systems. The book is required reading for those involved in ocean colour and related disciplines, providing an overview of the current status in this field as well as stimulating the debate on new ideas and developments for upcoming ocean colour missions.

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Optical remote sensing is of invaluable help in understanding the marine environment and its biogeochemical and physical processes. The Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS), which operated on board the Nimbus-7 satellite from late 1978 to early 1986, has been the main source of ocean colour data. Much work has been devoted to CZCS data processing and analysis techniques throughout the 1980s. After a decade of experience, the Productivity of the Global Ocean (PGO) Activity - which was established in the framework of the International Space Year 1992 (ISY '92) by SAFISY, the Space Agency Forum of ISY - sponsored a workshop aimed at providing a reference in ocean colour science and at promoting the full exploitation of the CZCS historical data in the field of biological oceanography. The present volume comprises a series of state-of-the-art contributions on theory, applications and future perspectives of ocean colour. After an introduction on the historical perspective of ocean colour, a number of articles are devoted to the CZCS theoretical background, on radiative transfer and in-water topics, as well as on calibration, atmospheric correction and pigment concentration retrieval algorithms developed for the CZCS. Further, a review is given of major applications of CZCS data around the world, carried out in the past decade. The following part of the book is centered on the application of ocean colour to the assessment of marine biological information, with particular regard to plankton biomass, primary productivity and the coupling of physical/biological models. The links between global oceanic production and climate dynamics are also addressed. Finally, the last section is devoted to future approaches and goals of ocean colour science, and to planned sensors and systems. The book is required reading for those involved in ocean colour and related disciplines, providing an overview of the current status in this field as well as stimulating the debate on new ideas and developments for upcoming ocean colour missions.

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Optical remote sensing is of invaluable help in understanding the marine environment and its biogeochemical and physical processes. The Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS), which operated on board the Nimbus-7 satellite from late 1978 to early 1986, has been the main source of ocean colour data. Much work has been devoted to CZCS data processing and analysis techniques throughout the 1980s. After a decade of experience, the Productivity of the Global Ocean (PGO) Activity - which was established in the framework of the International Space Year 1992 (ISY '92) by SAFISY, the Space Agency Forum of ISY - sponsored a workshop aimed at providing a reference in ocean colour science and at promoting the full exploitation of the CZCS historical data in the field of biological oceanography. The present volume comprises a series of state-of-the-art contributions on theory, applications and future perspectives of ocean colour. After an introduction on the historical perspective of ocean colour, a number of articles are devoted to the CZCS theoretical background, on radiative transfer and in-water topics, as well as on calibration, atmospheric correction and pigment concentration retrieval algorithms developed for the CZCS. Further, a review is given of major applications of CZCS data around the world, carried out in the past decade. The following part of the book is centered on the application of ocean colour to the assessment of marine biological information, with particular regard to plankton biomass, primary productivity and the coupling of physical/biological models. The links between global oceanic production and climate dynamics are also addressed. Finally, the last section is devoted to future approaches and goals of ocean colour science, and to planned sensors and systems. The book is required reading for those involved in ocean colour and related disciplines, providing an overview of the current status in this field as well as stimulating the debate on new ideas and developments for upcoming ocean colour missions.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xii
Optical Remote Sensing of the Oceans: BC (Before CZCS) and AC (After CZCS)....Pages 1-15
CZCS: Its Role in the Study of the Growth of Oceanic Phytoplankton....Pages 17-32
Radiative Transfer in the Atmosphere for Correction of Ocean Color Remote Sensors....Pages 33-77
Underwater Light Field and Primary Production: Application to Remote Sensing....Pages 79-93
CZCS Data Processing Algorithms....Pages 95-116
The Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) Algorithm. A Critical Review of Residual Problems....Pages 117-166
Review of Major CZCS Applications: U.S. Case Studies....Pages 167-188
Ocean Colour and CZCS Applications in and Around Europe....Pages 189-211
Special Features and Applications of CZCS Data in Asian Waters....Pages 213-236
Global Oceanic Production and Climate Change....Pages 237-270
Coupling of Ocean Color Data to Physical-Biological Models....Pages 271-288
Ocean Colour in Relation to Biological Patterns and Processes in a Biogeographical Province....Pages 289-318
Seasonal and Meridional Variability of the Remotely Sensed Fraction of Euphotic Zone Chlorophyll Predicted by a Lagrangian Plankton Model....Pages 319-329
Future Systems for Global Monitoring of Ocean Colour....Pages 331-344
Back Matter....Pages 345-369

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Optical remote sensing is of invaluable help in understanding the marine environment and its biogeochemical and physical processes. The Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS), which operated on board the Nimbus-7 satellite from late 1978 to early 1986, has been the main source of ocean colour data. Much work has been devoted to CZCS data processing and analysis techniques throughout the 1980s. After a decade of experience, the Productivity of the Global Ocean (PGO) Activity - which was established in the framework of the International Space Year 1992 (ISY '92) by SAFISY, the Space Agency Forum of ISY - sponsored a workshop aimed at providing a reference in ocean colour science and at promoting the full exploitation of the CZCS historical data in the field of biological oceanography. The present volume comprises a series of state-of-the-art contributions on theory, applications and future perspectives of ocean colour. After an introduction on the historical perspective of ocean colour, a number of articles are devoted to the CZCS theoretical background, on radiative transfer and in-water topics, as well as on calibration, atmospheric correction and pigment concentration retrieval algorithms developed for the CZCS. Further, a review is given of major applications of CZCS data around the world, carried out in the past decade. The following part of the book is centered on the application of ocean colour to the assessment of marine biological information, with particular regard to plankton biomass, primary productivity and the coupling of physical/biological models. The links between global oceanic production and climate dynamics are also addressed. Finally, the last section is devoted to future approaches and goals of ocean colour science, and to planned sensors and systems. The book is required reading for those involved in ocean colour and related disciplines, providing an overview of the current status in this field as well as stimulating the debate on new ideas and developments for upcoming ocean colour missions.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xii
Optical Remote Sensing of the Oceans: BC (Before CZCS) and AC (After CZCS)....Pages 1-15
CZCS: Its Role in the Study of the Growth of Oceanic Phytoplankton....Pages 17-32
Radiative Transfer in the Atmosphere for Correction of Ocean Color Remote Sensors....Pages 33-77
Underwater Light Field and Primary Production: Application to Remote Sensing....Pages 79-93
CZCS Data Processing Algorithms....Pages 95-116
The Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) Algorithm. A Critical Review of Residual Problems....Pages 117-166
Review of Major CZCS Applications: U.S. Case Studies....Pages 167-188
Ocean Colour and CZCS Applications in and Around Europe....Pages 189-211
Special Features and Applications of CZCS Data in Asian Waters....Pages 213-236
Global Oceanic Production and Climate Change....Pages 237-270
Coupling of Ocean Color Data to Physical-Biological Models....Pages 271-288
Ocean Colour in Relation to Biological Patterns and Processes in a Biogeographical Province....Pages 289-318
Seasonal and Meridional Variability of the Remotely Sensed Fraction of Euphotic Zone Chlorophyll Predicted by a Lagrangian Plankton Model....Pages 319-329
Future Systems for Global Monitoring of Ocean Colour....Pages 331-344
Back Matter....Pages 345-369
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