Ebook: Through Measurement to Knowledge: The Selected Papers of Heike Kamerlingh Onnes 1853–1926

"Tile; D'apC:Tile; l. DpWTa ()coi 7rpo7rapod)w £ D'T}K,mi'. "between us and Goodness the gods have placed the sweat of our brows". This quote from Isiodos, the first lyrical poet, is jotted on a sheet of paper found among the papers of Heike Kamerlingh Onnes at the Boerhaave Museum, Leiden. On this same sheet, one can also read quotes from Schiller, Goethe, Shakespeare, Homer, Pindar and Dante. Each quote is for somebody or something. It appears to have been a game played at least by Ehrenfest and Crommelin -an unmistakable sign of these two physicists's deep culture. This particular quote was for the "Werkplaats", the Physical Laboratory of the University of Leiden. Our purpose in putting together the Selected Papers of its first Director, Kamerlingh Onnes (1853-1926), is to try and articulate the dominant trends of a different type of culture at Leiden: its physics culture during the years that established low temperature physics as a distinct branch of physics. Our aims in choosing the particular papers are threefold. First, we wish to present the interconnectedness among the different research programs of Kamerlingh Onnes and to bring out the decisive role of the work initiated by van der Waals in determining the direction of nearly all of these research programs.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-cxv
on the cryogenic laboratory at Leiden and on the production of very low temperatures....Pages 3-30
The importance of accurate measurements at very low temperatures....Pages 31-58
Further experiments with liquid helium. P. On the lowest temperature yet obtained....Pages 59-88
Th?orie G?n?rale De L’?tat Fluide....Pages 89-124
Remarks on the liquefaction of hydrogen, on thermodynamical similarity and on the use of vacuum vessels....Pages 125-145
Th?orie G?n?rale De L’?tat Fluide....Pages 89-124
Remarks on the liquefaction of hydrogen, on thermodynamical similarity and on the use of vacuum vessels....Pages 125-145
Expression of the equation of state of gases and liquids by means of series.”....Pages 146-163
“The liquefaction of helium.”....Pages 164-187
“Further experiments with liquid helium. E. A helium-cryostat. Remarks on the preceding communications.”....Pages 188-194
Further experiments with liquid helium....Pages 195-200
“Further experiments with liquid helium.”....Pages 201-220
Further experiments with liquid helium....Pages 221-226
On phosphorescence at very low temperatures....Pages 227-235
Further experiments with liquid helium. J. The imitation of an Amp?re molecular current or of a permanent magnet by means of a supra-conductor.....Pages 236-251
Further experiments with liquid helium. L. The persistence of currents without electromotive force in supra-conducting circuits....Pages 252-260
Further experiments with liquid helium, AA. The disturbance of supra-conductivity by magnetic fields and currents. The hypothesis of Silsbee....Pages 261-263
Researches on magnetization at very low temperatures....Pages 264-266
“Researches on the magnetization of liquid and solid oxygen”....Pages 267-272
Back Matter....Pages 273-314
....Pages 315-332