Ebook: Activation and Desensitization of Transducing Pathways

Activation by and desensitization to signals originating from the environment is common in all organisms, ranging from prokaryotes to higher eukaryotes. Recently, a number of novel mechanisms involved in activation and desensitization have been elucidated. The similarities of the molecular mechanisms of activation and desensitization in the various systems are striking. In the first book (1987) on this topic, the functional and structural similarities of the various mechanisms to attenuate the effect of an outward signal were emphasized. Justification to have a second book three years later is the explosive growth of information in the field. More components involved in signal transfer have been discovered and also that several more G-proteins appear to play a role during this process. The interest in signal attenuation concurs with these developments. The emphasis in this book is on the common signal transfer elements responsible for activation and desensitization in animals, plants and microorganisms.

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Activation by and desensitization to signals originating from the environment is common in all organisms, ranging from prokaryotes to higher eukaryotes. Recently, a number of novel mechanisms involved in activation and desensitization have been elucidated. The similarities of the molecular mechanisms of activation and desensitization in the various systems are striking. In the first book (1987) on this topic, the functional and structural similarities of the various mechanisms to attenuate the effect of an outward signal were emphasized. Justification to have a second book three years later is the explosive growth of information in the field. More components involved in signal transfer have been discovered and also that several more G-proteins appear to play a role during this process. The interest in signal attenuation concurs with these developments. The emphasis in this book is on the common signal transfer elements responsible for activation and desensitization in animals, plants and microorganisms.

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Activation by and desensitization to signals originating from the environment is common in all organisms, ranging from prokaryotes to higher eukaryotes. Recently, a number of novel mechanisms involved in activation and desensitization have been elucidated. The similarities of the molecular mechanisms of activation and desensitization in the various systems are striking. In the first book (1987) on this topic, the functional and structural similarities of the various mechanisms to attenuate the effect of an outward signal were emphasized. Justification to have a second book three years later is the explosive growth of information in the field. More components involved in signal transfer have been discovered and also that several more G-proteins appear to play a role during this process. The interest in signal attenuation concurs with these developments. The emphasis in this book is on the common signal transfer elements responsible for activation and desensitization in animals, plants and microorganisms.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XI
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Activation and Densensitization in Bacterial Chemotaxis....Pages 3-21
Adaptation of Chemoattractant Elicited Responses in Dictyostelium Discoideum ....Pages 23-40
The Inositolcycle of Dictyostelium Discoideum ....Pages 41-59
Front Matter....Pages 61-61
Glucagon activates two distinct signal transduction systems in hepatocytes, which leads to the desensitization of G-protein-regulated adenylate cyclase, the phosphorylation and inactivation of Gi-2 and the phosphorylation and stimulation of a specific cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase....Pages 63-83
Multiple Pathways for Glucagon-Induced Heterologous Desensitization of Liver Adenylyl Cyclase....Pages 85-97
The Mechanisms of Luteinizing Hormone-Induced Activation and Desensitization of Adenylate Cyclase....Pages 99-113
Role of Protein Kinases in the Desensitization-Sensitization of ?-Adrenergic Receptor and Prostaglandin Receptor Stimulation of Adenylyl Cyclase....Pages 115-131
Direct Involvement of the Cyclic Nucleotide Binding Sites in the Cyclic-Nucleotide-Induced Charge Shift of Protein Kinases....Pages 133-149
Front Matter....Pages 151-151
Heterogeneity Amongst Myo-Inositol Derivatives: Metabolism of Second Messengers and Synthesis of Co-Signals....Pages 153-165
Role of Glycosyl-Phosphatidylinositols in Insulin Signalling....Pages 167-179
Agonist and Guanine Nucleotide Regulation of P2Y Purinergic Receptor-Linked Phospholipase C....Pages 181-195
Front Matter....Pages 197-197
Mechanisms Involved in G-protein Activation by Hormone Receptors....Pages 199-212
Front Matter....Pages 213-213
Regulation and Rapid Inactivation of the Light Induced cGMP Phosphodiesterase Activity in Vertebrate Retinal Rods....Pages 215-228
Front Matter....Pages 229-229
Characterization and Modulation of the Sensitivity of Plant Protoplasts to Auxin....Pages 231-244
The Auxin-Binding-Protein from Maize Coleoptiles....Pages 245-253
Is a GTP-Binding Protein Involved in the Auxin-Mediated Phosphoinositide Response on Plant Cell Membranes ?....Pages 255-266
Front Matter....Pages 267-267
Regulation of the Desensitization of the Acetylcholine Nicotinic Receptor....Pages 269-281
Front Matter....Pages 283-283
The Control of Human Thyroid Cell Function, Proliferation and Differentiation....Pages 285-306
Activation of the Regulated Secretory Pathway in Neuronal Cells during in Vitro Differentiation....Pages 307-320
Back Matter....Pages 321-323

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Activation by and desensitization to signals originating from the environment is common in all organisms, ranging from prokaryotes to higher eukaryotes. Recently, a number of novel mechanisms involved in activation and desensitization have been elucidated. The similarities of the molecular mechanisms of activation and desensitization in the various systems are striking. In the first book (1987) on this topic, the functional and structural similarities of the various mechanisms to attenuate the effect of an outward signal were emphasized. Justification to have a second book three years later is the explosive growth of information in the field. More components involved in signal transfer have been discovered and also that several more G-proteins appear to play a role during this process. The interest in signal attenuation concurs with these developments. The emphasis in this book is on the common signal transfer elements responsible for activation and desensitization in animals, plants and microorganisms.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XI
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Activation and Densensitization in Bacterial Chemotaxis....Pages 3-21
Adaptation of Chemoattractant Elicited Responses in Dictyostelium Discoideum ....Pages 23-40
The Inositolcycle of Dictyostelium Discoideum ....Pages 41-59
Front Matter....Pages 61-61
Glucagon activates two distinct signal transduction systems in hepatocytes, which leads to the desensitization of G-protein-regulated adenylate cyclase, the phosphorylation and inactivation of Gi-2 and the phosphorylation and stimulation of a specific cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase....Pages 63-83
Multiple Pathways for Glucagon-Induced Heterologous Desensitization of Liver Adenylyl Cyclase....Pages 85-97
The Mechanisms of Luteinizing Hormone-Induced Activation and Desensitization of Adenylate Cyclase....Pages 99-113
Role of Protein Kinases in the Desensitization-Sensitization of ?-Adrenergic Receptor and Prostaglandin Receptor Stimulation of Adenylyl Cyclase....Pages 115-131
Direct Involvement of the Cyclic Nucleotide Binding Sites in the Cyclic-Nucleotide-Induced Charge Shift of Protein Kinases....Pages 133-149
Front Matter....Pages 151-151
Heterogeneity Amongst Myo-Inositol Derivatives: Metabolism of Second Messengers and Synthesis of Co-Signals....Pages 153-165
Role of Glycosyl-Phosphatidylinositols in Insulin Signalling....Pages 167-179
Agonist and Guanine Nucleotide Regulation of P2Y Purinergic Receptor-Linked Phospholipase C....Pages 181-195
Front Matter....Pages 197-197
Mechanisms Involved in G-protein Activation by Hormone Receptors....Pages 199-212
Front Matter....Pages 213-213
Regulation and Rapid Inactivation of the Light Induced cGMP Phosphodiesterase Activity in Vertebrate Retinal Rods....Pages 215-228
Front Matter....Pages 229-229
Characterization and Modulation of the Sensitivity of Plant Protoplasts to Auxin....Pages 231-244
The Auxin-Binding-Protein from Maize Coleoptiles....Pages 245-253
Is a GTP-Binding Protein Involved in the Auxin-Mediated Phosphoinositide Response on Plant Cell Membranes ?....Pages 255-266
Front Matter....Pages 267-267
Regulation of the Desensitization of the Acetylcholine Nicotinic Receptor....Pages 269-281
Front Matter....Pages 283-283
The Control of Human Thyroid Cell Function, Proliferation and Differentiation....Pages 285-306
Activation of the Regulated Secretory Pathway in Neuronal Cells during in Vitro Differentiation....Pages 307-320
Back Matter....Pages 321-323
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