Ebook: Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application II

In 1969 the North Atlantic Treaty Organization established the Committee on the Challenges of Hodern Society. Air Pollution was from the start one of the priority problems under study within the framework of the pilot studies undertaken by this Committee. The organization of a yearly symposium dealing with air pollution modeling and its application is one of the main activities within the pilot study in relation to air pollution. After being organized for five years by the United States and for five years by the Federal Republic of Germany, Belgium, repre­ sented by the Prime Minister's Office for Science Policy Programming, became responsible in 1980 for the organization of this symposium. This volume contains the papers presented at the 12th Interna­ tional Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Appli­ cation held at SRI International, Menlo Park, California in the USA from 25th to 28th August 1981. The meeting was jointly organized by the Prime Minister's Office for Science Policy Programming, Belgium and SRI International, USA. The conference was attended by 109 participants and 51 papers have been presented. The members of the selection committee of the 12th I.T.M. were A. Berger (Chair­ man, Belgium), W. Klug (Federal Republic of Germany), L.E. Niemeyer (United States of America), L. Santomauro (Italy), J. Tikvart (United States of America), M.L. Williams (United Kingdom), H. Van Dop (The Netherlands), C. De Wispelaere (Coordinator, Belgium).

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xi
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Chemical Transformation in Plumes....Pages 3-58
A Comparison between Chemically Reacting Plume Models and Windtunnel Experiments....Pages 59-83
Air Pollutant Reactions in Major Plumes Transported over the North Sea....Pages 85-106
Solutions to the Equation for Surface Depletion of a Gaussian Plume....Pages 107-119
Mathematical Modeling of Chemically Reactive Plumes in an Urban Environment....Pages 121-135
Chemical Modelling Studies of the Long-Range Dispersion of Power-Plant Plumes....Pages 137-157
The Washout of Hydrogen Fluoride....Pages 159-174
Performance Evaluation of the Empirical Kinetic Modeling Approach (EKMA)....Pages 175-197
Urban Visual Air Quality : Modelled and Perceived....Pages 199-211
Front Matter....Pages 213-227
A Gaussian Trajectory Model for Hazard Evaluation for Prolonged Releases from Nuclear Reactors....Pages 229-229
Application of Trajectory Model to Regional Characterization....Pages 231-243
Refined Air Pollution Model for Calculating Daily Regional Patterns and Transfrontier Exchanges of Airbone Sulfur in Central and Western Europe....Pages 245-264
On a Method of Evaluation of Performance of a Trajectory Model for Long-Range Transport of Atmospheric Pollutants....Pages 265-275
The Pseudo-Spectral Technique in the Computation of Seasonal Average Concentrations and Its Comparison with the Trajectory Technique....Pages 277-284
A Mesoscale Air Pollution Transport Model : Outline and Preliminary Results....Pages 285-301
Initial Evaluation of Canadian and United States Regional Models for Transboundary Air Pollution....Pages 303-316
Comparison of an Eulerian with a Lagrangian Type Numerical Air Pollution Dispersion Model....Pages 317-333
Analysis of Particles Trajectories during a Land-Sea Breeze Cycle Using Two-Dimensional Numerical Meso-Scale Models....Pages 335-347
Verification of a Three-Dimensional Transport Model Using Tetroon Data from Projects State and Neros....Pages 349-360
Front Matter....Pages 361-372
A New Trajectory Model and Its Practical Application for Accident and Risk Assessments....Pages 229-229
A Finite Element Flow Model over the Alsace Plain....Pages 373-391
Modifications of Trajectory Models Needed for Pollutant Source-Receptor Analysis....Pages 393-401
Sensitivity Analysis of a Climatological Air Trajectory Model....Pages 403-413
Front Matter....Pages 415-425
A Model for Pollutant Concentration Prediction in Complex Terrain....Pages 427-427
Pollutant Dispersion in the Ekman Layer Using Moment-Reduced Transport Equations....Pages 429-436
A Simple Model for Dispersion of Non-Buoyant Particles Inside a Convective Boundary Layer....Pages 437-450
Dispersion from Fugitive Sources....Pages 451-458
A Comparison with Experimental Data of Several Models for Dispersion of Heavy Vapor Clouds....Pages 459-475
Application of the Sulfur Transport Eulerian Model (Stem) to a Sure Data Set....Pages 477-500
Particle Simulation of Inhomogeneous Turbulent Diffusion....Pages 501-525
The APT Computer Program for the Numerical Solution of Problems in Atmospheric Dispersion....Pages 527-535
A Three Dimensional, Finite Element Model for Simulating Heavier-Than-Air Gaseous Releases over Variable Terrain....Pages 537-554
Numerical Solution of Three-Dimensional and Time-Dependent Advection-Diffusion Equations by “Orthogonal Collocation on Multiple Elements”....Pages 555-573
Analysis of a Finite Release of a Pollutant Followed by an Abrupt Change of Wind Direction....Pages 575-589
Two-Dimensional Unsteady Gravity Currents....Pages 591-601
Lagrangian Modeling of Air Pollutants Dispersion from a Point Source....Pages 603-616
Physical and Mathematical Simulation of Pb Dispersion in and around a Pb Industry in a Urbanized Area....Pages 617-630
Front Matter....Pages 631-648
Observations and Simulations of Carbon Monoxide Concentrations in the Wake of an Urban Garage....Pages 649-649
Influence of the Meteorological Input Data on the Comparison between Calculated and Measured Aerosol Ground Level Concentrations and Depositions....Pages 651-661
Front Matter....Pages 663-674
EPRI Plume Model Validation Project Results for a Plains Site Power Plant....Pages 649-649
Comparison of Sulfur Dioxide Estimates from the Model RAM with St. Louis Raps Measurements....Pages 675-694
Large Scale Validation of a Bi-Gaussian Dispersion Model in a Multiple Source Urban and Industrial Area....Pages 695-707
Development and Validation of a Multi-Source Plume Downwash Model....Pages 709-728
Dispersion Modelling Studies in Some Major Urban Areas of the UK....Pages 729-750
Results from Elevated-Source Urban Area Dispersion Experiments Compared to Model Calculations....Pages 751-768
Influences of Data Bases on Model Performance....Pages 769-787
Front Matter....Pages 789-800
Hydraulic Modeling of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer at Large Length Scale Ratios : Capabilities and Limitations....Pages 801-801
Formation of Cloud Particles from Large Hot Plume in Controlled Experiments....Pages 803-810
Accounting for Moisture Effects in the Prediction of Buoyant Plumes....Pages 811-823
Plume Behavior in Stable Air....Pages 825-839
Back Matter....Pages 841-855
....Pages 857-873