Ebook: Application of Short-Term Bioassays in the Fractionation and Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures

vi Williamsburg, Virginia, February 21-23, 1978. This symposium was sponsored by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Energy Minerals and Industry, Washington, DC, and Office of Health and Ecological Effects, Health Effects Re­ search Laboratory, Biochemistry Branch, Research Triangle Park, NC. The symposium consisted of 24 formal presentations that amplify the three major topics discussed during the symposium: an overview of short-term bioassay systems; current methodology involving the collection and chemical analysis of environmental samples; and current research in­ volving the use of short-term bioassays in the fractionation and analysis of complex environmental mixtures. The purpose of this symposium was to present the state-of-the-art tech­ niques in bioassay and chemical analysis as applied to com­ plex mixtures and to foster continued advancement of this important area. Complex mixtures discussed include ambient air and water, waste water, drinking water, shale oil, syn­ thetic fuels, automobile exhaust, diesel particulate, coal fly ash, cigarette smoke condensates, and food products. It is our hope that this volume will serve as a refer­ ence to catalyze and encourage further research in this field. Michael D. Waters, Ph. D. Stephen Nesnow, Ph. D. vii Acknowledgment We would like to thank Gerald Rausa, Office of Energy Minerals and Industry, for his advice, encouragement, and support of this program. We would also like to express our appreciation to Wendy A. Martin, Peter A. Murphy, and David F. Wright of Kappa Systems, Inc.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xiii
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
The use of Microbial Assay Systems in the Detection of Environmental Mutagens in Complex Mixtures....Pages 3-42
Mutagenesis of Mammalian Cells by Chemical Carcinogens after Metabolic Activation....Pages 43-62
Oncogenic Transformation of Mammalian Cells by Chemicals and Viral-Chemical Interactions....Pages 63-97
Higher Plant Systems as Monitors of Environmental Mutagens....Pages 99-109
The Role of Drosophila in Chemical Mutagenesis Testing....Pages 111-123
The Cellular Toxicity of Complex Environmental Mixtures....Pages 125-167
Front Matter....Pages 169-169
Atmospheric Genotoxicants—What Numbers Do We Collect?....Pages 171-194
State-Of-The-Art Analytical Techniques for Ambient Vapor Phase Organics and Volatile Organics in Aqueous Samples from Energy-Related Activities....Pages 195-225
Strategy for Collection of Drinking Water Concentrates....Pages 227-244
Front Matter....Pages 245-245
Short-Term Bioassay of Complex Organic Mixtures: Part I, Chemistry....Pages 247-268
Short-Term Bioassay of Complex Organic Mixtures: Part II, Mutagenicity Testing....Pages 269-289
Quantitative Mammalian Cell Genetic Toxicology: Study of the Cytotoxicity and Mutagenicity of Seventy Individual Environmental Agents Related to Energy Technologies and Three Subfractions of a Crude Synthetic Oil in the CHO/HGPRT System....Pages 291-315
Environmental Testing....Pages 317-330
Integrating Microbiological and Chemical Testing Into the Screening of Air Samples for Potential Mutagenicity....Pages 331-351
Chemical and Microbiological Studies of Mutagenic Pollutants in Real and Simulated Atmospheres....Pages 353-379
Application of Bioassay to the Characterization of Diesel Particle Emissions....Pages 381-418
Measurement of Biological Activity of Ambient Air Mixtures Using a Mobile Laboratory for In Situ Exposures: Preliminary Results from the Tradescantia Plant Test System....Pages 419-440
Physical and Biological Studies of Coal Fly Ash....Pages 441-462
Mutagenicity of Shale Oil Components....Pages 463-475
Mutagenic Analysis of Drinking Water....Pages 477-494
Front Matter....Pages 245-245
Mutagenic, Carcinogenic, and Toxic Effects of Residual Organics in Drinking Water....Pages 495-512
Mutagenic Analysis of Complex Samples of Aqueous Effluents, Air Particulates, and Foods....Pages 513-528
Back Matter....Pages 529-570
....Pages 571-588