Ebook: Mechanical Properties and Deformation Behavior of Materials Having Ultra-Fine Microstructures

In an attempt to meet the demand for new ultra-high strength materials, the processing of novel material configurations with unique microstructure is being explored in systems which are further and further from equilibrium. One such class of emerging materials is the so-called nanophased or nanostructured materials. This class of materials includes metals and alloys, ceramics, and polymers characterized by controlled ultra-fine microstructural features in the form oflayered, fibrous, or phase and grain distribution. While it is clear that these materials are in an early stage of development, there is now a sufficient body of literature to fuel discussion of how the mechanical properties and deformation behavior can be controlled through control of the microstructure. This NATO-Advanced Study Institute was convened in order to assess our current state of knowledge in the field of mechanical properties and deformation behavior in materials with ultra­ fine microstructure, to identify opportunities and needs for further research, and to identify the potential for technological applications. The Institute was the first international scientific meeting devoted to a discussion on the mechanical properties and deformation behavior of materials having grain sizes down to a few nanometers. Included in these discussions were the topics of superplasticity, tribology, and the supermodulus effect. Lectures were also presented which covered a variety of other themes including synthesis, characterization, thermodynamic stability, and general physical properties.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xiv
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Nanostructured Materials....Pages 3-35
Electron Theory Applied to Phases with Low Dimensions....Pages 37-52
Thermodynamics of Nanostructured Materials....Pages 53-77
Front Matter....Pages 79-79
Interfaces and Physical Properties of Nanostructured Solids....Pages 81-106
Interfacial Structures and Properties....Pages 107-128
Grain Boundary Design for Advanced Materials on the Basis of Grain Size Dependence of Grain Boundary Character Distribution (GBCD)....Pages 129-134
Diffraction Analysis of Ultra-Fine Structures;....Pages 135-155
An Electron Microscope Study of Ferromagnetism in Small Nickel Particles as a Function of Size....Pages 157-162
Front Matter....Pages 163-163
The Search for the Supermodulus Effect....Pages 165-192
Recent Studies of the Supermodulus Effect....Pages 193-198
Tribology of Materials and the Effect of Microstructure....Pages 199-227
Mechanical Relaxation Spectroscopy of Fine Grained Al and Al-Alloy Films....Pages 229-239
Hall-Petch Behavior in Nanocrystalline Metals....Pages 241-254
Mechanical Properties of Layered Structures and Thin Films on Substrates....Pages 255-286
The Mechanical Properties of Fine Scale Metallic Materials....Pages 287-301
Structure and Mechanical Properties of Submicrometre-grained Materials Produced by Severe Plastic Deformation....Pages 303-308
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultra Fine Grained Elemental Metals....Pages 309-314
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Electrodeposited Nanocomposites....Pages 315-321
Tensile Behavior of Cold-Rolled NiTi having an Amorphous-Crystalline Composite Microstructure....Pages 323-328
Indentation Test on Thermotropic Polymers....Pages 329-336
Front Matter....Pages 163-163
Grid Supported Polyimide and Beryllium Based Soft X-ray Windows - Pressurized Membrane Ductility Considerations....Pages 337-342
Front Matter....Pages 343-343
Creep and Superplasticity....Pages 345-360
Superplasticity of Nanostructured Ceramics....Pages 361-380
Superplasticity of Nanophase Intermetallics?....Pages 381-399
Superplasticity of Nanograin Ceramic Films Tested by the Stress Relaxation Method....Pages 401-406
Very High Strain Rate Superplasticity in Near-Nano Scale Aluminum Alloys....Pages 407-413
Front Matter....Pages 415-415
Mechanical Characterization Using Indentation Experiments....Pages 417-428
Nanoindentation with a Surface Force Apparatus....Pages 429-447
Measurement of Fracture Toughness in Thin Films and Small Volumes Using Nanoindentation Methods....Pages 449-461
Hardness of Vapour Deposited Ceramic Coatings Determined by Ultra-Low Load Indentation....Pages 463-468
Sputter Deposition and Characterization of MoSi2/SiC Composite Coatings....Pages 469-474
Hardness and Young’s Modulus of Cosputtered Ti-B-N and Hf-B-N Films and Correlations to their Microstructure and Composition....Pages 475-480
Nanoindentation of Thin Coated Systems....Pages 481-488
Indentation of Semiconductor Superlattices....Pages 489-494
Nanohardness and Chemical Composition of be Surfaces for Gas Bearing....Pages 495-506
Front Matter....Pages 507-507
Synthesis and Processing of Nanostructured Materials....Pages 509-538
Nanocrystalline ZrO2 by Crystallization of Amorphous Oxide....Pages 539-545
Compaction of Submicron and Nanocrystalline Al2O3-ZrO2 Ceramics....Pages 547-557
Sintering of Nanocrystalline Al2O3 a Study by Photoacoustic Infrared Spectroscopy....Pages 559-564
Front Matter....Pages 565-570
Reduction of Surface Oxide on Ultra-Fine FeNi Particles....Pages 507-507
Front Matter....Pages 571-577
Atomic Force Microscopy of Polymer Surfaces....Pages 579-579
Crystallization of Nanocrystalline Alloys Studied by Electron Transport, Magnetic and Dilatometric Methods....Pages 581-586
Acoustic Spectroscopy of Iron and Aluminum Thin Films and Fe/Al Multilayers. Anelasticity and Microstructure....Pages 587-592
X-ray Reflectivity Studies of Twist Grain Boundaries....Pages 593-598
STM Study of Microindentations on Oriented Metallic Single Crystals....Pages 599-604
Back Matter....Pages 605-610
....Pages 611-624