Ebook: Electron Crystallography of Organic Molecules

Maximum Entropy (ME) techniques have found widespread applicability in the reconstruction of incomplete or noisy data. These techniques have been applied in many areas of data analysis including imaging, spectroscopy, and scattering [Gull and Skilling, 1984]. The techniques have proven particularly useful in astronomy [Narayan and Nityanada, 1984]. In many of these applications the goal of the reconstruction is the detection of point objects against a noisy background. In this work we investigate the applicability of ME techniques to data sets which have strong components which are periodic in space or time. The specific interest in our laboratory is High Resolution Electron Micrographs of beam sensitive materials. However, ME techniques are of general interest for all types of data. These data mayor may not have a spatial or temporal character. Figure 1 shows an HREM image of the rigid-rod polymer poly(paraphenylene benzobisoxazole) (PBZO). The 0.55 nm spacings in the image correspond to the lateral close-packing between the extended polymer molecules. Near the center of this crystallite there is evidence for an edge dislocation. In HREM images both the frequency and position of the infonnation is important for a proper interpretation. Therefore, it is necessary to consider how image processing affects the fidelity of this information in both real and Fourier space.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xix
Electron Diffraction Structure Analysis of Organic Crystals....Pages 1-10
Crystal Structures by Electron Diffraction: Diacetylene Monomers and Polymers in Langmuir-Blodgett Films and Single Crystals....Pages 11-18
Observation of Hexatic Behavior in Liquid Crystals by in Situ Electron Diffraction....Pages 19-32
A Priori Crystal Structure Modeling of Polymeric Materials....Pages 33-53
Specimen Orientation and Environment....Pages 55-62
Electron Diffraction of Polymer Single Crystals....Pages 63-75
The Prediction of the Crystal Packing of Organic Molecules: Geometry and Intermolecular Potentials....Pages 77-83
A Theoretical Technique for Layer Structure Prediction....Pages 85-113
Electron Microscopy and Molecular Modelling of Some Langmuir-Blodgett Films....Pages 115-127
Maximum Entropy Reconstruction of Low Dose, High Resolution Electron Microscope Images....Pages 129-145
The Achievement and Limitation of HV-HREM....Pages 147-151
Crystal Structures from High-Resolution Electron Microscopy....Pages 153-167
Electron Crystallography of Radiation-Sensitive Polymer Crystals....Pages 169-187
High Resolution Electron Microscopy on VH Amylose Crystals....Pages 189-195
High Resolution Electron Microscopy on Liquid Crystalline Polymers....Pages 197-201
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Surface Structures....Pages 203-215
Polymer Decoration: Recent Developments....Pages 217-226
Epitaxial Growth of Octacyanometalphthalocyanine-Metal Complex Crystals....Pages 227-240
Epitaxial Crystal Growth on Organic and Polymeric Substrates....Pages 241-254
Solving Difficult Structures Including Those from Powder and Electron Diffraction Data....Pages 255-263
Direct Phase Determination in the Electron Crystallography of Organic Compounds....Pages 265-271
Structure Determination at Atomic Resolution by Electron Crystallography....Pages 273-281
Electron Crystallography of Bacterial Surface Proteins....Pages 283-296
Cryoelectron Microscopy of Protein Crystals. Some Remarks on the Methodology....Pages 297-304
Electron Crystallographic Analysis of Reconstituted PhoE Porin....Pages 305-308
Concerning the Surface Lattice of Microtubules....Pages 309-315
Correlation Averaging and Filtering of Electron Micrographs....Pages 317-325
Electron Crystallography in an Industrial Laboratory....Pages 327-332
The Structure Analysis of an Organo-Azo-Calcium Salt by High Resolution Electron Microscopy and Image Processing....Pages 333-341
Radiation Damage in Electron Crystallography....Pages 343-353
Electron Beam Damage of Polyethylene (PE) Single Crystals....Pages 355-360
An Analysis of the Broadening Induced by Beam Damage in Transmission Electron Diffraction Spots from an Oriented Aliphatic Monolayer....Pages 361-364
Back Matter....Pages 365-375
....Pages 377-392