Ebook: Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena II: Proceedings of the 6th International Topical Meeting, Baltimore, Maryland, July 31–August 3, 1989

Photothermal science continues to be an area of rapid development and active investigation, as is demonstrated by this volume. The various contributions present fundamental research in materials science, physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine, as well as important applications of photothermal techniques in nondestructive evaluation, aeronomy and pollution control, and other areas. The topics treated include measurements of spectral properties of gases, the theory of thermally generated elastic waves, a method of monitoring local surface displacements, materials characterization and nondestructive evaluation of materials, studies of the dynamics of primary photophysical processes, fast energy exchange at surfaces and at interfaces (e.g. in medicine and photobiology), thermal EXAFS and XANES applied to metals and semiconductors, and imaging of magnetic materials using microwave sources.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XXI
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Photothermal Imaging Using Microwave Detection....Pages 2-12
Micrometer Photoacoustic Imaging by Photodeformation: Application to Carbon-Carbon Composites....Pages 13-16
Photothermal Imaging of Local Thermal Resistances....Pages 17-20
Detection of Vertical Cracks in Ceramic Materials by the Mirage Effect....Pages 21-23
A Novel “Flying-Spot” Infrared Camera for Imaging Very Fast Thermal-Wave Phenomena....Pages 24-26
Characterization of Semiconductor Thin Films Using High-Frequency Photothermal-Optical-Beam-Deflection Imaging....Pages 27-29
Real-Time Thermal-Wave Imaging of Plasma-Sprayed Coatings and Adhesive Bonds Using a Box-Car Video Technique....Pages 30-32
Non-destructive Evaluation of the Distribution of Stress by Means of the Photoacoustic Microscope....Pages 33-36
Characterization of Metal Defects in Insulating Materials....Pages 37-39
Thermal Wave Characterization of Ceramics....Pages 40-43
Front Matter....Pages 45-45
Time-Domain Opto-thermal Spectro-radiometry....Pages 46-54
Time-Resolved Infrared Radiometry for Characterization of Structured Materials....Pages 55-58
The Effect of Transverse Heatflow and the Use of Characteristic Times in Studying Multilayered-Coatings in the Time Domain....Pages 59-63
Photoacoustic Quantitative Depth Profiling of an Ion-Pair Adsorbed Polyvinylchloride Film Using an Approximation of the Inverse Laplace Transform....Pages 64-66
Depth Profiling of Opaque Multilayer Materials by Correlation Photoacoustics....Pages 67-70
Modelling of Sample Translucency, Substrate Absorption and Interface Defects for Thermal Wave Infrared Inspection of Thermal Barrier Coatings....Pages 71-73
Transient Thermal Wave Techniques for the Characterisation of Surface Coatings....Pages 74-77
Numerical Analysis of the Transient Thermal Response of Subsurface Defects....Pages 78-81
Measurement of the Thermal Diffusivity and Effusivity of Porous Bulk Materials....Pages 82-85
Photoacoustic Measurements of Thermophysical Properties Between Room Temperature and 1000K — Experimental Technique and First Results for Graphites....Pages 86-90
Front Matter....Pages 45-45
NDE Applications of High-Resolution Photoinductive Imaging....Pages 91-94
Nondestructive Evaluation of a Semi-infinite Buried Slab by Photothermal Deflection....Pages 95-98
Impulse Response Measurements Using Both Photoacoustic and Photothermal Deflection Methods....Pages 99-101
Front Matter....Pages 103-103
Mapping of Charge Profiles of Thin Electret Films by Sub-nanosecond Thermal Pulses....Pages 104-106
Reduction of the Photoacoustic Signal by the Evaporation Resistance of Thin Films on Liquids and Solids....Pages 107-109
Photopyroelectric Spectroscopy (PPES) of a-Si: H Thin Films on Quartz....Pages 110-112
Photothermal Deflection Method for Monitoring Photoelectronic and Nonradiative Energy Conversion in Semiconductor Photoelectrochemical (PEC) Cells....Pages 113-116
Photothermal Spectroscopy of Rhodamine 6G Dye in Organic and Inorganic Amorphous Films....Pages 117-119
Photoacoustic-Attenuated Total Reflection Study of Surface Roughness in Thin Metal Films....Pages 120-123
Thermal Wave Measurement of Diamond Films....Pages 124-126
Thermal Diffusivity of Thin Diamond Films....Pages 127-129
Thermal Diffusivity of CVD Diamond Films Using Thermal Wave Techniques....Pages 130-132
Measurements of the Absorption Distribution of Optical Thin Films by Scanning Photothermal Microscopy....Pages 133-137
Front Matter....Pages 139-139
High Resolution Thermal Wave Measurements and Imaging of Defects and Damage in Electronic Materials....Pages 140-145
Subsurface Defect Inspection in IC Devices with Thermal Wave Imaging....Pages 146-148
Temperature Effect on Photothermal Reflectance Signal: Application to Ion Implanted and Amorphous Silicon....Pages 149-152
Study of the Induced Damage and of the Annealing Kinetics of Defects in Ion Implanted Silicon Using the Photothermal Reflectance Technique....Pages 153-155
Subgap Amorphous Silicon Photothermal Deflection Spectroscopy: Spatial Absorption Localization Studies....Pages 156-159
Subgap Absorption Spectra of Ion Implanted Si and GaAs Layers....Pages 160-162
Front Matter....Pages 163-165
Axisymmetrical Modeling of a Photothermal Collinear Beam Deflection in a Semiconductor with the Use of a Fast Hankel Transform....Pages 139-139
Frequency Dependence of Amplitude and Phase of Photothermal-Optical-Beam-Deflection Signal....Pages 166-169
Determination of Optical and Thermal Properties of the GaAsSb/GaAs Heterostructure by Photothermal Deflection Spectroscopy....Pages 170-172
Anomalous Properties of Amorphous Semiconductor Superlattices Characterized by Photoacoustic and Photothermal Spectra....Pages 173-176
Piezoelectric Photoacoustic Effect of Semiconductors in DC Electric Fields....Pages 177-179
Photoacoustic Study of the Glass Transition and Crystallization in Bulk GexTe1-x and SixTe1-x Glasses....Pages 180-182
Front Matter....Pages 183-185
Spectroscopy of High Tc Oxides and Plasma Frequency Determination....Pages 187-187
Imaging of Defects in Metallo-organic Thin Films by Photothermal Deflection....Pages 188-190
Laser Beam Deflection as a Probe of Laser Ablation of Materials....Pages 191-193
Specific Heat Jump in High Tc Superconductors Measured by a Compensation Technique....Pages 194-197
Photothermal Measurements of High-Tc Superconductors....Pages 198-201
Investigation of Surface Diffusivity of High Tc Superconductivity Films by the “Mirage Effect”....Pages 202-204
Simultaneous Monitoring of Specific Heat, Thermal Conductivity, and Thermal Diffusivity Anomalies in YBa2Cu3O7-x Superconductors Using the Photopyroelectric Effect....Pages 205-207
High Resolution Photoacoustic Spectroscopy of Ho2O3 and Nd2O3 Powders with a Piezoelectric Detector....Pages 208-210
Separation of Surface Optical Absorption of BaYCuO Thin Film from Absorption of Substrate by Using the Phase of the Photoacoustic Signal....Pages 211-213
Front Matter....Pages 214-217
X-Ray Photoacoustics for Characterization and Non-destructive Evaluation....Pages 218-219
Energy Transfer from Low Energy Noble Gas Ions to Gold Surfaces Using a Pyroelectric Calorimeter....Pages 221-221
Energy Deposition at Solid Surfaces Studied by cw-Photothermal Displacement Spectroscopy....Pages 222-234
Front Matter....Pages 235-237
Evaluation of the Temperature Dependence of Electron Acoustic Signals in Silicon by Use of a Capacitive Transducer....Pages 238-240
Optical Beam Deflection in Semiconductors with Electron Beam Excitation....Pages 241-244
Study of Magnetostatic Modes in Yttrium Iron Garnet by Photothermal Laser Beam Deflection....Pages 221-221
Detection of Nonthermal Microwave-Induced Photoacoustic Signals in Water....Pages 245-248
Front Matter....Pages 249-253
Laser-Generated Ultrasound: Toward Realistic Modeling....Pages 254-256
Transmission and Reflection Thermoacoustic Imaging of Metallic Samples....Pages 257-259
Thermoelastic Properties of a Two-Material Junction....Pages 261-261
Photoacoustic Evaluation of Aerogel-Glass Interfaces....Pages 262-268
A Beam Deflection Technique for Photo-acoustic Lamb Wave Measurements....Pages 269-271
Laser Induced Sheet Waves for Investigating Anisotropy in Polymer Film....Pages 272-274
Front Matter....Pages 275-277
Photoacoustic Monitoring of Polymerization Processes....Pages 278-281
Simultaneous Monitoring of Heat Capacity Thermal Conductivity and Diffusivity over the Smectic A-Nematic Transition in Alkylcyanobiphenyl Liquid Crystals....Pages 282-285
Photoacoustic Measurement of the Glass Transition of Polymeric Materials....Pages 287-287
Photoacoustic Investigation of the Anisotropic Thermal Behavior of Liquid Crystals....Pages 288-290
Photopyroelectric Detection of Phase Transitions in Thermally Thick Solids....Pages 291-293
Phase Transition of GMO and TGS Crystals Studied by a Photothermal Beam-Deflection Technique....Pages 294-296
Anisotropic Thermal Diffusivity Measurements in a Discotic Liquid Crystal Using Photothermal Probe Beam Deflection....Pages 297-299
The Photoacoustic Signal of Fractal Structures....Pages 300-302
Effect of Sorption and Mass Diffusion in Porous Materials on the Photoacoustic Signal....Pages 303-305
Photothermal Measurments of Optical Absorption Losses in Laser Components....Pages 306-308
Front Matter....Pages 309-312
High-Sensitivity Photothermal Absorption Measurements on Curved Optical Thin Film Optics....Pages 313-315
Opto-Thermal Investigation of Dichroic Materials....Pages 316-318
Photoacoustic and EPR Investigation of Iron Oxide Doping of Soda-Lime Glasses....Pages 287-287
Pulsed Laser Photothermal Radiometry and Photothermal Beam Deflection Spectroscopy: Determination of Thermal Diffusivities of Liquids....Pages 319-321
Photothermal Deflection Method for Thermal Diffusivity Measurements: A Thermo-optical Classification of Solids....Pages 322-325
Front Matter....Pages 326-327
Photoacoustic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for High Precision Experiments....Pages 328-330
Frequency Domain Analysis of Acoustic Resonances Excited with Single Laser Pulses....Pages 331-333
Photopyroelectric Solid State Sensor for Hydrogen Gas Trace Detection....Pages 335-335
Photoacoustic and Mirage Effect on Liquids....Pages 336-343
Optoacoustic Raman Gain Spectroscopy with Pulsed Lasers....Pages 344-346
Spectrally Resolved Laser Photoacoustic Monitoring of NH3 in Power Plant Emission....Pages 347-350
Two-Photon Absorption of Formaldehyde Using Pulsed Gas Phase Photoacoustic Spectroscopy....Pages 351-353
The Effect of Background Absorption on the Photoacoustic Measurement of Ammonia in the Atmosphere....Pages 354-356
Stack Gas Monitoring by Pulsed Laser Optoacoustic Spectroscopy....Pages 357-359
Photoacoustic Measurement of Plant Gas Exchange....Pages 360-362
Laser Photoacoustic Measurements in Plane Gas Jets....Pages 363-365
A Photothermal Study of the Photolysis of Bromine at 532 nm....Pages 366-368
Front Matter....Pages 369-371
Picosecond Transient Thermal Phase Grating Spectroscopy: From Proteins to Surfaces....Pages 372-375
Photothermal Energy Balance Analysis of Photvoltaic Cells....Pages 376-378
Calorimetric Characterization of Semiconductor Lasers....Pages 379-379
Front Matter....Pages 380-388
Measurement of the Quantum Yield of Triplet Formation of Transient Species by Using the Time-Resolved Thermal Lens Method....Pages 389-396
Characteristic Times of Non-radiative Processes as Studied by Correlation Photoacoustics....Pages 397-399
Optical Saturation in the Photothermal Spectroscopy of Fluorescent Materials....Pages 379-379
Production of Anisotropic Photoacoustic Pressure Waves by Photodissociation of Molecular Chlorine....Pages 400-402
Laser Induced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy of Actinides in Alkaline Solutions in an Electochemically Controlled Anaerobic Environment....Pages 403-405
Photoacoustic Study of Adatoms in Surface Enhanced Second Harmonic Generation....Pages 406-408
Front Matter....Pages 409-412
Laser-Tissue Interactions in the Nanosecond, Picosecond and Femtosecond Time Domains....Pages 413-415
Investigation of Human Tissues with Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy....Pages 416-418
The Application of Photoacoustic Detection in the Primary Diagnosis of Cancer....Pages 419-419
Photoacoustic Signals from Leaves and Time Domain Measurements of Photosynthetic Gas Exchange (Oxygen Evolution and Uptake)....Pages 420-427
Photoacoustic Signals of Leaves as Influenced by the Structure of the Leaf Tissue....Pages 428-430
Identification of Chlorophylls and Carotenoids by Photoacoustic Spectroscopy....Pages 431-434
Photothermal Colorimetry of Phosphorus and Ammonium in Aqueous Phase for Use in the Agricultural Practice....Pages 435-438
Enhanced Photobleaching of Hematoporphyrin IX in Intralipid: A Photoacoustic Study....Pages 439-441
Impact of Air Pollutants and Acid Rain on Corn and Sugar Maple Seedlings Assessed by Photoacoustic Spectroscopy....Pages 442-444
Scanning Microscopy of Adsorbed Water in Annual Rings of Wood....Pages 445-447
Intracavity Photoacoustic Trace Detection of C2H4 at ppt Levels....Pages 448-450
Sensitive Laser Photoacoustic Stark Detection of Ammonia in the Air and in Open Top Fumigation Chambers....Pages 451-453
Optocalorimetric Methods for Registration of Phase Transitions in a Laser Irradiated Biomedical Medium....Pages 454-456
Front Matter....Pages 457-459
Photothermal Investigations: Why, When and How?....Pages 460-462
Front Matter....Pages 463-465
A Single Beam Interferometry of a Thermal Bump....Pages 467-467
Amplitude and Phase Modulation (AM-PM) Wideband Photothermal Spectrometry....Pages 468-471
Photoacoustic Waveforms from Laser Heated Particulate Matter....Pages 467-467
Real-Time Asynchronous/Synchronous Lock-In Thermal-Wave Imaging with an IR Video Camera....Pages 472-478
The Photothermal Deflection Dynamics of a Laser Beam: Application to Energy Relaxation Measurements....Pages 479-485
Fast Photothermal Measurement System for Nondestructive Evaluation....Pages 486-489
On Gas Viscosity and Residual Volume Effects in a Photoacoustic Cell....Pages 490-492
Fourier Transform Infrared Photopyroelectric Spectroscopy of Solids: A New Technique....Pages 493-495
Photopyroelectric Computerized Scanner for Contactless, Spatially Resolved Detection of Thermal Waves....Pages 496-499
Photothermal Wave Diffraction and Interference in Condensed Media....Pages 500-503
Standing Wave Excitation as a Means of Suppressing Volume Signals in Photothermal Detection....Pages 504-506
Optothermal Laser Spectrometer....Pages 507-510
Photothermal Spectroscopy and Calorimetry by Ultrasonics....Pages 511-513
The Resonant Photoacoustic Heat Pipe Cell for Spectral Investigation of Low Volatility Liquids and Solids....Pages 514-516
Fibre Optic Laser Generation of Thermal Waves and Their Infrared Detection....Pages 517-518
Measurement of the Photothermal Signal Phase Using Step-Scan Interferometry....Pages 519-521
A Rapid-Scan and High-Fidelity Dual-Mode Photoacoustic Microscope and Its Application to Paper Chromatography....Pages 522-525
Operational Diagram for Photopyroelectric Experiments with Periodic Excitation....Pages 526-528
Measurement of the Absolute Temperature Rise of Surface During Pulsed Laser Heating....Pages 529-532
Back Matter....Pages 533-536
....Pages 537-538