Ebook: Manual on Experimental Methods for Mechanical Testing of Composites

References Liquid-metal strain gages can be fabricated in either single- or delta-rosette configurations. Their main advantages are their low stiffness (essential for 1. Beatty, M.F. and Chewning, S. W., "Numerical Analysis of the Reinforcement Effect of a Strain Gage Applied to a Soft use on composites with soft, elastomeric matrices) Material," Int. J. Eng. Sci., 17, 907-915 (1979). and high elongation (at least 50 percent). Their prin­ 2. Pugin, V.A., "Electrical Strain Gauges for Measuring Large cipal disadvantages are a short shelf life and a Deformations," Soviet Rubber Industry, 19 (1), 23-26 (1960). nonlinear calibration curve. 3. Janssen, M.L. and Walter, J.D., "Rubber Strain Measurements in Bias, Belted Bias and Radial Ply Tires," J. Coated Fibrous Mat., 1, 102-117 (1971). 4. Patel, H.P., Turner, J.L., and Walter, J.D., "Radial Tire Cord-Rubber Composite," Rubber Chem. and Tech., 49, Acknowledgments 1095-1110 (1976). 5. Stone, J.E., Madsen, N.H., Milton, J.L., Swinson, W.F., and Turner, J.L., "Developments in the Design and Use of Liquid-Metal Strain Gages," EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS, 23, The author acknowledges helpful suggestions by 129-139 (1983). Dr. Joseph D. Walter of Firestone Central Research 6. Whitney, R.J., "The Measurement of Volume Changes in Human Limbs, " J. Physiology, 121, 1-27 (1953).

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-v
Introduction....Pages 1-4
Anisotropie-Material Behavior....Pages 5-10
Classical Lamination Theory....Pages 11-16
Fundamental Strain-Gage Technology....Pages 17-26
Strain Gages on Composites—Gage-Selection Criteria....Pages 27-29
Strain Gages on Composites Temperature Compensation....Pages 31-34
Strain-Gage Reinforcement Effects on Low-Modulus Materials....Pages 35-38
Strain-Gage Reinforcement Effects on Orthotropic Materials....Pages 39-44
Normal-Stress and Shear-Stress Gages and Rosettes....Pages 45-52
Liquid-Metal Strain Gages....Pages 53-55
Geometrie Moire....Pages 57-65
Moire Interferometry for Composites....Pages 67-80
Shearography: A New Strain-Measurement Technique and a Practical Approach to Nondestructive Testing....Pages 81-95
Acoustic Methods of Evaluating Elastic Properties or, Will the Real Young’s Modulus Please Stand Up?....Pages 97-103
Acoustic Emission in Composites....Pages 105-113
Detection of Damage in Composite Materials Using Radiography....Pages 115-127
Vibrothermography Applied to Polymer Matrix Composites....Pages 129-137
Adiabatic Thermoelastic Measurements....Pages 139-146
Damage Evaluation by Laminate Deply....Pages 147-149
Vibration-Test Methods for Dynamic-Mechanical-Property Characterization....Pages 151-164
Edge Replication for Laminated Composites....Pages 165-169

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-v
Introduction....Pages 1-4
Anisotropie-Material Behavior....Pages 5-10
Classical Lamination Theory....Pages 11-16
Fundamental Strain-Gage Technology....Pages 17-26
Strain Gages on Composites—Gage-Selection Criteria....Pages 27-29
Strain Gages on Composites Temperature Compensation....Pages 31-34
Strain-Gage Reinforcement Effects on Low-Modulus Materials....Pages 35-38
Strain-Gage Reinforcement Effects on Orthotropic Materials....Pages 39-44
Normal-Stress and Shear-Stress Gages and Rosettes....Pages 45-52
Liquid-Metal Strain Gages....Pages 53-55
Geometrie Moire....Pages 57-65
Moire Interferometry for Composites....Pages 67-80
Shearography: A New Strain-Measurement Technique and a Practical Approach to Nondestructive Testing....Pages 81-95
Acoustic Methods of Evaluating Elastic Properties or, Will the Real Young’s Modulus Please Stand Up?....Pages 97-103
Acoustic Emission in Composites....Pages 105-113
Detection of Damage in Composite Materials Using Radiography....Pages 115-127
Vibrothermography Applied to Polymer Matrix Composites....Pages 129-137
Adiabatic Thermoelastic Measurements....Pages 139-146
Damage Evaluation by Laminate Deply....Pages 147-149
Vibration-Test Methods for Dynamic-Mechanical-Property Characterization....Pages 151-164
Edge Replication for Laminated Composites....Pages 165-169
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