Ebook: Advanced Models of Cognition for Medical Training and Practice

Cognitive science is a multidisciplinary science concerned with understanding and utilizing models of cognition. It has spawned a great dealof research on applications such as expert systems and intelligent tutoring systems, and has interacted closely with psychological research. However, it is generally accepted that it is difficult to apply cognitive-scientific models to medical training and practice. This book is based on a NATO Advanced Research Workshop held in Italy in 1991, the purpose of which was to examine the impact ofmodels of cognition on medical training and practice and to outline future research programmes relating cognition and education, and in particular to consider the potential impact of cognitive science on medical training and practice. A major discovery presented in the book is that the research areas related to artificial intelligence, cognitive psychology, and medical decision making are considerably closer, both conceptually and theoretically, than many of the workshop participants originally thought.

---

Cognitive science is a multidisciplinary science concerned with understanding and utilizing models of cognition. It has spawned a great dealof research on applications such as expert systems and intelligent tutoring systems, and has interacted closely with psychological research. However, it is generally accepted that it is difficult to apply cognitive-scientific models to medical training and practice. This book is based on a NATO Advanced Research Workshop held in Italy in 1991, the purpose of which was to examine the impact ofmodels of cognition on medical training and practice and to outline future research programmes relating cognition and education, and in particular to consider the potential impact of cognitive science on medical training and practice. A major discovery presented in the book is that the research areas related to artificial intelligence, cognitive psychology, and medical decision making are considerably closer, both conceptually and theoretically, than many of the workshop participants originally thought.

---

Cognitive science is a multidisciplinary science concerned with understanding and utilizing models of cognition. It has spawned a great dealof research on applications such as expert systems and intelligent tutoring systems, and has interacted closely with psychological research. However, it is generally accepted that it is difficult to apply cognitive-scientific models to medical training and practice. This book is based on a NATO Advanced Research Workshop held in Italy in 1991, the purpose of which was to examine the impact ofmodels of cognition on medical training and practice and to outline future research programmes relating cognition and education, and in particular to consider the potential impact of cognitive science on medical training and practice. A major discovery presented in the book is that the research areas related to artificial intelligence, cognitive psychology, and medical decision making are considerably closer, both conceptually and theoretically, than many of the workshop participants originally thought.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XI
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Epistemological Constraints on Medical Knowledge-Based Systems....Pages 3-20
Abductive Reasoning: Philosophical and Educational Perspectives in Medicine....Pages 21-41
The Language of Medicine and the Modeling of Information....Pages 43-67
Front Matter....Pages 69-69
AI Meets Decision Science: Emerging Synergies For Decision Support....Pages 71-89
Computational Models of Cased-Based Reasoning for Medicine....Pages 91-100
The Evaluation of Medical Expert Systems....Pages 101-120
Front Matter....Pages 121-121
Dynamic Decision-Making in Anesthesiology: Cognitive Models and Training Approaches....Pages 123-147
From Expert Systems to Intelligent Tutoring Systems....Pages 149-161
Expert Systems in Teaching Electrocardiography....Pages 163-170
Review of Technological Products for Training....Pages 171-189
Front Matter....Pages 191-191
Cognitive Frameworks for Clinical Reasoning: Application for Training and Practice....Pages 193-211
Knowledge Application and Transfer for Complex Tasks in Ill-Structured Domains: Implications for Instruction and Testing in Biomedicine....Pages 213-244
Psychological Modeling of Cognitive Processes in Knowledge Assessment by Experts: Some Convergent Issues with Psychological Modeling in Medical Reasoning....Pages 245-254
Models of Cognition and Educational Technologies: Implications for Medical Training....Pages 255-264
Encapsulation of Biomedical Knowledge....Pages 265-282
Front Matter....Pages 283-283
How One Learns Graph-Reading Skills for Solving Biochemistry Problems....Pages 285-305
Who Will Catch the Nagami Fever? Causal Inferences and Probability Judgment in Mental Models of Diseases....Pages 307-325
Mental and Qualitative (AI) Models of Cardiac Electrophysiology: An Exploratory Study in Comparative Cognitive Science....Pages 327-335
Cognitive Effects of Practical Experience....Pages 337-348
Front Matter....Pages 349-349
The Dean and the Bear....Pages 351-356
Front Matter....Pages 349-349
The European Medical Education Perspective....Pages 357-360
Reflections on Practice in Medical Education: Perspectives from Spain....Pages 361-364
Hungarian Medical Education: Present Problems and Future Plans for Eastern European Medical Schools....Pages 365-367
Back Matter....Pages 369-376

---

Cognitive science is a multidisciplinary science concerned with understanding and utilizing models of cognition. It has spawned a great dealof research on applications such as expert systems and intelligent tutoring systems, and has interacted closely with psychological research. However, it is generally accepted that it is difficult to apply cognitive-scientific models to medical training and practice. This book is based on a NATO Advanced Research Workshop held in Italy in 1991, the purpose of which was to examine the impact ofmodels of cognition on medical training and practice and to outline future research programmes relating cognition and education, and in particular to consider the potential impact of cognitive science on medical training and practice. A major discovery presented in the book is that the research areas related to artificial intelligence, cognitive psychology, and medical decision making are considerably closer, both conceptually and theoretically, than many of the workshop participants originally thought.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XI
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Epistemological Constraints on Medical Knowledge-Based Systems....Pages 3-20
Abductive Reasoning: Philosophical and Educational Perspectives in Medicine....Pages 21-41
The Language of Medicine and the Modeling of Information....Pages 43-67
Front Matter....Pages 69-69
AI Meets Decision Science: Emerging Synergies For Decision Support....Pages 71-89
Computational Models of Cased-Based Reasoning for Medicine....Pages 91-100
The Evaluation of Medical Expert Systems....Pages 101-120
Front Matter....Pages 121-121
Dynamic Decision-Making in Anesthesiology: Cognitive Models and Training Approaches....Pages 123-147
From Expert Systems to Intelligent Tutoring Systems....Pages 149-161
Expert Systems in Teaching Electrocardiography....Pages 163-170
Review of Technological Products for Training....Pages 171-189
Front Matter....Pages 191-191
Cognitive Frameworks for Clinical Reasoning: Application for Training and Practice....Pages 193-211
Knowledge Application and Transfer for Complex Tasks in Ill-Structured Domains: Implications for Instruction and Testing in Biomedicine....Pages 213-244
Psychological Modeling of Cognitive Processes in Knowledge Assessment by Experts: Some Convergent Issues with Psychological Modeling in Medical Reasoning....Pages 245-254
Models of Cognition and Educational Technologies: Implications for Medical Training....Pages 255-264
Encapsulation of Biomedical Knowledge....Pages 265-282
Front Matter....Pages 283-283
How One Learns Graph-Reading Skills for Solving Biochemistry Problems....Pages 285-305
Who Will Catch the Nagami Fever? Causal Inferences and Probability Judgment in Mental Models of Diseases....Pages 307-325
Mental and Qualitative (AI) Models of Cardiac Electrophysiology: An Exploratory Study in Comparative Cognitive Science....Pages 327-335
Cognitive Effects of Practical Experience....Pages 337-348
Front Matter....Pages 349-349
The Dean and the Bear....Pages 351-356
Front Matter....Pages 349-349
The European Medical Education Perspective....Pages 357-360
Reflections on Practice in Medical Education: Perspectives from Spain....Pages 361-364
Hungarian Medical Education: Present Problems and Future Plans for Eastern European Medical Schools....Pages 365-367
Back Matter....Pages 369-376
....