Ebook: 3D Imaging in Medicine: Algorithms, Systems, Applications

The visualization of human anatomy for diagnostic, therapeutic, and educational pur­ poses has long been a challenge for scientists and artists. In vivo medical imaging could not be introduced until the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Conrad ROntgen in 1895. With the early medical imaging techniques which are still in use today, the three-dimensional reality of the human body can only be visualized in two-dimensional projections or cross-sections. Recently, biomedical engineering and computer science have begun to offer the potential of producing natural three-dimensional views of the human anatomy of living subjects. For a broad application of such technology, many scientific and engineering problems still have to be solved. In order to stimulate progress, the NATO Advanced Research Workshop in Travemiinde, West Germany, from June 25 to 29 was organized. It brought together approximately 50 experts in 3D-medical imaging from allover the world. Among the list of topics image acquisition was addressed first, since its quality decisively influences the quality of the 3D-images. For 3D-image generation - in distinction to 2D­ imaging - a decision has to be made as to which objects contained in the data set are to be visualized. Therefore special emphasis was laid on methods of object definition. For the final visualization of the segmented objects a large variety of visualization algorithms have been proposed in the past. The meeting assessed these techniques.

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The visualization of the human anatomy for diagnostic, therapeutic and educational purposes has long been a challenge for scientists and artists. Recently, biomedical engineering and computer science have begun to offer the potential of producing natural three-dimensional views of the human anatomy of living subjects. For a broad application of such technology, many scientific and engineering problems still have to be solved. This book is the outcome of an Advanced Research Workshop and summarizes the state of the art. It contains 11 invited talks and 16 contributed papers from leading researchers in the field. Three-dimensional image acquisition techniques are covered as well as segmentation of data volumes in 3D. Broad attention is given to the latest developments in visualization algorithms. Object manipulation and interaction techniques and the corresponding hardware systems represent a further important aspect for practical applications, e.g. in surgery and radiotherapy planning. Although the book primarily addresses researchers and engineers, the vividness of the material will also attract potential users in the medical community.

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The visualization of the human anatomy for diagnostic, therapeutic and educational purposes has long been a challenge for scientists and artists. Recently, biomedical engineering and computer science have begun to offer the potential of producing natural three-dimensional views of the human anatomy of living subjects. For a broad application of such technology, many scientific and engineering problems still have to be solved. This book is the outcome of an Advanced Research Workshop and summarizes the state of the art. It contains 11 invited talks and 16 contributed papers from leading researchers in the field. Three-dimensional image acquisition techniques are covered as well as segmentation of data volumes in 3D. Broad attention is given to the latest developments in visualization algorithms. Object manipulation and interaction techniques and the corresponding hardware systems represent a further important aspect for practical applications, e.g. in surgery and radiotherapy planning. Although the book primarily addresses researchers and engineers, the vividness of the material will also attract potential users in the medical community.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-IX
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Magnetic Resonance Imaging....Pages 3-19
3D Echography: Status and Perspective....Pages 21-41
Front Matter....Pages 43-43
Network Representation of 2-D and 3-D Images....Pages 45-62
Segmentation and Analysis of Multidimensional Data-Sets in Medicine....Pages 63-81
Toward Interactive Object Definition in 3D Scalar Images....Pages 83-105
Steps Toward the Automatic Interpretation of 3D Images....Pages 107-120
Image Processing of Routine Spin-Echo MR Images to Enhance Vascular Structures: Comparison with MR Angiography....Pages 121-132
A Multispectral Pattern Recognition System for the Noninvasive Evaluation of Atherosclerosis Utilizing MRI....Pages 133-146
3D Reconstruction of High Contrast Objects Using a Multi-scale Detection / Estimation Scheme....Pages 147-158
Matching Free-form Primitives with 3D Medical Data to Represent Organs and Anatomical Structures....Pages 159-171
Front Matter....Pages 173-173
A Survey of 3D Display Techniques to Render Medical Data....Pages 175-195
Rendering Tomographic Volume Data: Adequacy of Methods for Different Modalities and Organs....Pages 197-215
Intermixing Surface and Volume Rendering....Pages 217-227
Combined 3D-Display of Cerebral Vasculature and Neuroanatomic Structures in MRI....Pages 229-239
Preliminary Work on the Interpretation of SPECT Images with the Aid of Registered MR Images and an MR Derived 3D Neuro-anatomical Atlas....Pages 241-251
Volume Visualization of 3D Tomographies....Pages 253-261
Echocardiographic Three-Dimensional Visualization of the Heart....Pages 263-274
Front Matter....Pages 275-275
Surface Modeling With Medical Imagery....Pages 277-288
Manipulation of Volume Data for Surgical Simulation....Pages 289-300
Computer Assisted Medical Interventions....Pages 301-312
Front Matter....Pages 313-313
Systems for Display of Three-Dimensional Medical Image Data....Pages 315-331
A Software System for Interactive and Quantitative Analysis of Biomedical Images....Pages 333-361
CARVUPP: Computer Assisted Radiological Visualisation Using Parallel Processing....Pages 363-375
Front Matter....Pages 377-377
A Volume-Rendering Technique for Integrated Three-Dimensional display of MR and PET Data....Pages 379-397
Computer Assisted Radiation Therapy Planning....Pages 399-410
CAS — a Navigation Support for Surgery....Pages 411-423
Three-Dimensional Imaging: Clinical Applications in Orthopedics....Pages 425-440
3D Morphometric and Morphologic Information Derived From Clinical Brain MR Images....Pages 441-454
Back Matter....Pages 455-463

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The visualization of the human anatomy for diagnostic, therapeutic and educational purposes has long been a challenge for scientists and artists. Recently, biomedical engineering and computer science have begun to offer the potential of producing natural three-dimensional views of the human anatomy of living subjects. For a broad application of such technology, many scientific and engineering problems still have to be solved. This book is the outcome of an Advanced Research Workshop and summarizes the state of the art. It contains 11 invited talks and 16 contributed papers from leading researchers in the field. Three-dimensional image acquisition techniques are covered as well as segmentation of data volumes in 3D. Broad attention is given to the latest developments in visualization algorithms. Object manipulation and interaction techniques and the corresponding hardware systems represent a further important aspect for practical applications, e.g. in surgery and radiotherapy planning. Although the book primarily addresses researchers and engineers, the vividness of the material will also attract potential users in the medical community.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-IX
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Magnetic Resonance Imaging....Pages 3-19
3D Echography: Status and Perspective....Pages 21-41
Front Matter....Pages 43-43
Network Representation of 2-D and 3-D Images....Pages 45-62
Segmentation and Analysis of Multidimensional Data-Sets in Medicine....Pages 63-81
Toward Interactive Object Definition in 3D Scalar Images....Pages 83-105
Steps Toward the Automatic Interpretation of 3D Images....Pages 107-120
Image Processing of Routine Spin-Echo MR Images to Enhance Vascular Structures: Comparison with MR Angiography....Pages 121-132
A Multispectral Pattern Recognition System for the Noninvasive Evaluation of Atherosclerosis Utilizing MRI....Pages 133-146
3D Reconstruction of High Contrast Objects Using a Multi-scale Detection / Estimation Scheme....Pages 147-158
Matching Free-form Primitives with 3D Medical Data to Represent Organs and Anatomical Structures....Pages 159-171
Front Matter....Pages 173-173
A Survey of 3D Display Techniques to Render Medical Data....Pages 175-195
Rendering Tomographic Volume Data: Adequacy of Methods for Different Modalities and Organs....Pages 197-215
Intermixing Surface and Volume Rendering....Pages 217-227
Combined 3D-Display of Cerebral Vasculature and Neuroanatomic Structures in MRI....Pages 229-239
Preliminary Work on the Interpretation of SPECT Images with the Aid of Registered MR Images and an MR Derived 3D Neuro-anatomical Atlas....Pages 241-251
Volume Visualization of 3D Tomographies....Pages 253-261
Echocardiographic Three-Dimensional Visualization of the Heart....Pages 263-274
Front Matter....Pages 275-275
Surface Modeling With Medical Imagery....Pages 277-288
Manipulation of Volume Data for Surgical Simulation....Pages 289-300
Computer Assisted Medical Interventions....Pages 301-312
Front Matter....Pages 313-313
Systems for Display of Three-Dimensional Medical Image Data....Pages 315-331
A Software System for Interactive and Quantitative Analysis of Biomedical Images....Pages 333-361
CARVUPP: Computer Assisted Radiological Visualisation Using Parallel Processing....Pages 363-375
Front Matter....Pages 377-377
A Volume-Rendering Technique for Integrated Three-Dimensional display of MR and PET Data....Pages 379-397
Computer Assisted Radiation Therapy Planning....Pages 399-410
CAS — a Navigation Support for Surgery....Pages 411-423
Three-Dimensional Imaging: Clinical Applications in Orthopedics....Pages 425-440
3D Morphometric and Morphologic Information Derived From Clinical Brain MR Images....Pages 441-454
Back Matter....Pages 455-463
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