Ebook: Acoustical Imaging

This volume represents the proceedings of the 21 st International Symposium on Acoustical Imaging, which was held at the Surf and Sand Hotel in Laguna Beach, California, March 28-30, 1994. These unique and highly interdisciplinary series of symposiums have met at intervals of roughly 18 months over the past 30 some years. In general these meetings are devoted to all aspects and all fields of imaging that use acoustics. The meetings are usually small, with 100 to 200 participants, and stimulate useful interchanges across disciplines. These are the only regular meetings where the major researchers in all areas of acoustical imaging can come together to interchange ideas and new concepts. The Acoustical Imaging Symposiums have long been regarded as the premier meeting of this type in the general field of acoustics. The highly regarded and carefully edited proceedings have been published regularly by Plenum Press. I am proud and honored to serve as editor of the 21st volume in this series. The 21st Symposium was attended by well over 100 participants from some 18 countries. During the three day symposium, 94 scientific presentations were given, 66 as formal lectures and 28 in a poster format. Sufficient time was available during the conference, both following the presentations and informally during meals and breaks, for active discussions among all participants. Over 80 of the presentations have been selected for inclusion in these proceedings.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xviii
Time Reversal Mirrors....Pages 1-15
Theoretical Study of Focusing Techniques through Plane Interfaces: Comparison between Time-Reversal Methods and Fermat’s Surface Techniques....Pages 17-22
Lamb Wave Propagation in Multilayered Anisotropic Solids and its Application Towards Imaging Material Defects....Pages 23-30
A Comparison of the Transient Propagation Properties of Gaussian and Bessel Waves....Pages 31-38
Ultrasonic Pulse Reflection from A graded boundary plane surface....Pages 39-46
Simulation Calculations for Monofrequent Sound Fields in Layered Media....Pages 47-53
Effect of Nonlinearity on Propagation of Shear Acoustic Waves Along the Interface Between Two Crystals....Pages 55-72
Diffraction Tomography Revisited....Pages 73-80
Applications of Solid-Angle Functions in Acoustical Scattering....Pages 81-92
Computerized Simulations for Reflective Diffracted Tomography by Iteration Method....Pages 93-100
Exact Inverse Scattering Solutions in Multi-Dimensions (Perspectives of Using in Acoustical Imaging)....Pages 101-111
Reconstructing the Shape of An Object in an Isotropic Solid....Pages 113-120
Piezocomposite Materials for Acoustical Imaging Transducers....Pages 121-138
A New Three-Dimensional Model for Circular Piezoelectric Transducers....Pages 139-144
Comparison of Sidelobes of Limited Diffraction Beams and Localized Waves....Pages 145-152
Ferroelectric Polymer Array Sensors For Ultrasonic Imaging in Air....Pages 153-159
Experimental Results on Phase Aberration Correction for Two-Dimensional Conformal Arrays....Pages 161-169
Active Imaging Analysis via Ellipsoidal Projections....Pages 171-182
Novel Airborne Ultrasound Transducer....Pages 183-190
Acoustic Sensors Using Langmuir-Blodgett Films....Pages 191-199
Phased Array Transesophageal Endoscope for Pediatrics....Pages 201-209
Curved Array Imaging for Navigation in an Unknown Environment....Pages 211-221
Biophysical Bases of Elasticity Imaging....Pages 223-240
Reconstructive Elasticity Imaging....Pages 241-252
Imaging System of Precise Hardness Distribution in Soft Tissue in Vivo Using Forced Vibration and Ultrasonic Detection....Pages 253-258
Speckle Definitions....Pages 259-269
Algebraic Approach to Ultrasonic B-Mode Imaging for Resolution Enhancement....Pages 271-280
Pulse Coding in Medical Ultrasound: Some Possible Applications....Pages 281-290
A Nonlinear Theory for Diffraction Tomography - the Fractal Diffraction....Pages 291-298
Nonlinear Parameter Tomography by Secondary Sound Waves....Pages 299-304
Low Frequency Acoustical Imaging Using a Vibrating Tip....Pages 305-311
A New Field Measurement Technique for Ultrasonic Computed Tomography....Pages 313-320
Low Bit-Rate Imaging in Scanning Tomographic Acoustic Microscopy....Pages 321-330
Single-Channel Digital Demodulation of Ultrasound Bandpass Signals for Flow -Imaging Applications....Pages 331-335
Acoustical Imaging Using an Optimal Combination of Signal Prefil Tering and Pulse Compression....Pages 337-347
Splatting and Splines in 3D Medical Ultrasound Imaging....Pages 349-355
Spatial Filtering of Partially Coherent Acoustical Images....Pages 357-363
Experimental Image-Reconstruction of Diffraction Tomography with Data Obtained by Compound-Scanning a Pair of Transducers....Pages 365-372
Towards More Informative Pulse-Echo Images of Thin Membranes....Pages 373-378
A New Consideration of Diffraction Computed Tomography for Breast Imaging: Studies in Phantoms and Patients....Pages 379-390
Simultaneous Imaging System of Three Kinds of Parameters of Nonlinearity for Medical Diagnosis....Pages 391-397
3-D Motion Image Reconstruction Using Volume Rendering Technique from Ultrasound Echographic Images....Pages 399-403
A Comparison of Algorithms for the Detection of Stenotic Vessels....Pages 405-413
Stenoses Characterization with Ultrasound....Pages 415-421
Intravascular Ultrasound and Scanning Acoustic Microscopy Evaluation of Aortic Wall....Pages 423-432
Determination of Elasticity Distribution in Tissue From Spatio-Temporal Changes in Ultrasound Signals....Pages 433-443
A Novel Pulse-Echo Attenuation Imaging Technique....Pages 445-452
Design of a Tissue Characterization System for Diagnosing Cardiac Rejection after Heart Transplantation by Means of Texture Analysis....Pages 453-459
Ultrasonic Reconstruction of Brain Pathologic Inclusions....Pages 461-467
Blood Flow Assessment Using Wavelet Transform Based Cross-Correlation Technique....Pages 469-478
Autoregressive Recursive Algorithms for Maximum Frequency Estimate of Doppler Ultrasonic Signals....Pages 479-490
A Post -Filtering Technique for Autocorrelation Estimator in Realtime Color Flow Mapping Systems....Pages 491-502
Lateral Velocity Profile and Volume Flow Measurements Via 2-D Speckle Tracking....Pages 503-507
Benefits and Limitations of the C-Mode Doppler Procedure....Pages 509-514
In Vitro Measurements of True Volume Flow with C-Mode Doppler....Pages 515-522
Developments in a Photoacoustic Probe for Potential Use in Intra-Arterial Imaging and Therapy....Pages 523-532
Maximum and Mean Blood Volume Flow Measured via Time Domain Correlation and Ultrasonic Flowmetry: A Comparative Study....Pages 533-542
The Attenuation Effect in Pulsed Doppler Flowmeters....Pages 543-552
Correlation of Histology and Acoustic Parameters of Liver Tissue by Scanning Acoustic Microscopy....Pages 553-558
Imaging of Normal and Atherosclerotic Arteries by Acoustic Microscopy....Pages 559-564
When A-Priori Information Cannot Resolve Tomogram Ambiguities....Pages 565-572
Acoustic Microscopy for Spherical Cavities in Solids....Pages 573-580
Scanning Near-Field Acoustic Microscopy (SNAM) with Nanometer Resolution in the Kilohertz Frequency Range....Pages 581-584
Acoustic Microscopy by Atomic Force Microscopy....Pages 585-592
Imaging Deep Micro Defects in Structural Ceramics by Precision C-Scan Technique....Pages 593-598
Digital Acoustic Microscopy of Cell-Substrate Attachment: Experiments and Model Predictions....Pages 599-604
Contrast Formation for Simple Shaped Objects in Acoustic Microscopy....Pages 605-611
Imaging Geological Materials with the Acoustic Microscope....Pages 613-619
Nondestructive Imaging of Stress Distribution in Metal Using Nonlinear Elasto-Acoustics....Pages 621-626
Real-Time Flaw Classification in Welds with Three Dimensional Ultrasonic Images....Pages 627-633
Acoustic Emission Data From Pull-Out Tests of Reinforced Concrete Analysed with Respect to Passive Us-Tomography....Pages 635-647
Acoustic Emission Images of Cracks in Solids....Pages 649-660
Phase-Insensitive Detection of Backscattered Ultrasound for Void Content Determination in Fiber Reinforced Composites....Pages 661-666
Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Evaluation: High Resolution Techniques for Ceramic Materials....Pages 667-674
High Resolution Ultrasonic Images for Defect Detection in Wood....Pages 675-681
Reconstruction of Sound Velocity Profiles in the Atmosphere from Impulse Measurements....Pages 683-689
Waveform Tomography for Two Parameters in Elastic Media Applied to Cross-Well Geophysics....Pages 691-698
Ultrasonic Wave Investigation for Solid Impurities Detection in Opaque Pharmacological Products....Pages 699-705
High Resolution Multisensor Ultrasonic System for Robot Navigation....Pages 707-712
Sound Fields of Ultrasonic Circumferential Arrays - Case of an Array for Steam Generator Heat Exchanger Tubes....Pages 713-721
3-D Underwater Imaging System....Pages 723-728
Acoustical Imaging of Underwater Plumes....Pages 729-743
Motion Compensation in Synthetic Aperture Sonar Imaging....Pages 745-754
Holographic 3-D Imaging System Using Encoded Wavefront: Theoretical Analysis on Repetitive Transmission....Pages 755-764
Holographic 3-D Imaging System Using Encoded Wavefront: an Underwater Imaging System....Pages 765-772
Multi-View Imaging in Oceanic Waveguides by Dark Field Method....Pages 773-781
The Application of Fresnel Intergrals to the Study of Underwater Noise Sources....Pages 783-791
Suppression of Surface and Bottom Reverberation in Multi-Beam Sonar Images....Pages 793-800
Segmentation of Multispectral Sonar Images....Pages 801-809
Back Matter....Pages 811-820

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xviii
Time Reversal Mirrors....Pages 1-15
Theoretical Study of Focusing Techniques through Plane Interfaces: Comparison between Time-Reversal Methods and Fermat’s Surface Techniques....Pages 17-22
Lamb Wave Propagation in Multilayered Anisotropic Solids and its Application Towards Imaging Material Defects....Pages 23-30
A Comparison of the Transient Propagation Properties of Gaussian and Bessel Waves....Pages 31-38
Ultrasonic Pulse Reflection from A graded boundary plane surface....Pages 39-46
Simulation Calculations for Monofrequent Sound Fields in Layered Media....Pages 47-53
Effect of Nonlinearity on Propagation of Shear Acoustic Waves Along the Interface Between Two Crystals....Pages 55-72
Diffraction Tomography Revisited....Pages 73-80
Applications of Solid-Angle Functions in Acoustical Scattering....Pages 81-92
Computerized Simulations for Reflective Diffracted Tomography by Iteration Method....Pages 93-100
Exact Inverse Scattering Solutions in Multi-Dimensions (Perspectives of Using in Acoustical Imaging)....Pages 101-111
Reconstructing the Shape of An Object in an Isotropic Solid....Pages 113-120
Piezocomposite Materials for Acoustical Imaging Transducers....Pages 121-138
A New Three-Dimensional Model for Circular Piezoelectric Transducers....Pages 139-144
Comparison of Sidelobes of Limited Diffraction Beams and Localized Waves....Pages 145-152
Ferroelectric Polymer Array Sensors For Ultrasonic Imaging in Air....Pages 153-159
Experimental Results on Phase Aberration Correction for Two-Dimensional Conformal Arrays....Pages 161-169
Active Imaging Analysis via Ellipsoidal Projections....Pages 171-182
Novel Airborne Ultrasound Transducer....Pages 183-190
Acoustic Sensors Using Langmuir-Blodgett Films....Pages 191-199
Phased Array Transesophageal Endoscope for Pediatrics....Pages 201-209
Curved Array Imaging for Navigation in an Unknown Environment....Pages 211-221
Biophysical Bases of Elasticity Imaging....Pages 223-240
Reconstructive Elasticity Imaging....Pages 241-252
Imaging System of Precise Hardness Distribution in Soft Tissue in Vivo Using Forced Vibration and Ultrasonic Detection....Pages 253-258
Speckle Definitions....Pages 259-269
Algebraic Approach to Ultrasonic B-Mode Imaging for Resolution Enhancement....Pages 271-280
Pulse Coding in Medical Ultrasound: Some Possible Applications....Pages 281-290
A Nonlinear Theory for Diffraction Tomography - the Fractal Diffraction....Pages 291-298
Nonlinear Parameter Tomography by Secondary Sound Waves....Pages 299-304
Low Frequency Acoustical Imaging Using a Vibrating Tip....Pages 305-311
A New Field Measurement Technique for Ultrasonic Computed Tomography....Pages 313-320
Low Bit-Rate Imaging in Scanning Tomographic Acoustic Microscopy....Pages 321-330
Single-Channel Digital Demodulation of Ultrasound Bandpass Signals for Flow -Imaging Applications....Pages 331-335
Acoustical Imaging Using an Optimal Combination of Signal Prefil Tering and Pulse Compression....Pages 337-347
Splatting and Splines in 3D Medical Ultrasound Imaging....Pages 349-355
Spatial Filtering of Partially Coherent Acoustical Images....Pages 357-363
Experimental Image-Reconstruction of Diffraction Tomography with Data Obtained by Compound-Scanning a Pair of Transducers....Pages 365-372
Towards More Informative Pulse-Echo Images of Thin Membranes....Pages 373-378
A New Consideration of Diffraction Computed Tomography for Breast Imaging: Studies in Phantoms and Patients....Pages 379-390
Simultaneous Imaging System of Three Kinds of Parameters of Nonlinearity for Medical Diagnosis....Pages 391-397
3-D Motion Image Reconstruction Using Volume Rendering Technique from Ultrasound Echographic Images....Pages 399-403
A Comparison of Algorithms for the Detection of Stenotic Vessels....Pages 405-413
Stenoses Characterization with Ultrasound....Pages 415-421
Intravascular Ultrasound and Scanning Acoustic Microscopy Evaluation of Aortic Wall....Pages 423-432
Determination of Elasticity Distribution in Tissue From Spatio-Temporal Changes in Ultrasound Signals....Pages 433-443
A Novel Pulse-Echo Attenuation Imaging Technique....Pages 445-452
Design of a Tissue Characterization System for Diagnosing Cardiac Rejection after Heart Transplantation by Means of Texture Analysis....Pages 453-459
Ultrasonic Reconstruction of Brain Pathologic Inclusions....Pages 461-467
Blood Flow Assessment Using Wavelet Transform Based Cross-Correlation Technique....Pages 469-478
Autoregressive Recursive Algorithms for Maximum Frequency Estimate of Doppler Ultrasonic Signals....Pages 479-490
A Post -Filtering Technique for Autocorrelation Estimator in Realtime Color Flow Mapping Systems....Pages 491-502
Lateral Velocity Profile and Volume Flow Measurements Via 2-D Speckle Tracking....Pages 503-507
Benefits and Limitations of the C-Mode Doppler Procedure....Pages 509-514
In Vitro Measurements of True Volume Flow with C-Mode Doppler....Pages 515-522
Developments in a Photoacoustic Probe for Potential Use in Intra-Arterial Imaging and Therapy....Pages 523-532
Maximum and Mean Blood Volume Flow Measured via Time Domain Correlation and Ultrasonic Flowmetry: A Comparative Study....Pages 533-542
The Attenuation Effect in Pulsed Doppler Flowmeters....Pages 543-552
Correlation of Histology and Acoustic Parameters of Liver Tissue by Scanning Acoustic Microscopy....Pages 553-558
Imaging of Normal and Atherosclerotic Arteries by Acoustic Microscopy....Pages 559-564
When A-Priori Information Cannot Resolve Tomogram Ambiguities....Pages 565-572
Acoustic Microscopy for Spherical Cavities in Solids....Pages 573-580
Scanning Near-Field Acoustic Microscopy (SNAM) with Nanometer Resolution in the Kilohertz Frequency Range....Pages 581-584
Acoustic Microscopy by Atomic Force Microscopy....Pages 585-592
Imaging Deep Micro Defects in Structural Ceramics by Precision C-Scan Technique....Pages 593-598
Digital Acoustic Microscopy of Cell-Substrate Attachment: Experiments and Model Predictions....Pages 599-604
Contrast Formation for Simple Shaped Objects in Acoustic Microscopy....Pages 605-611
Imaging Geological Materials with the Acoustic Microscope....Pages 613-619
Nondestructive Imaging of Stress Distribution in Metal Using Nonlinear Elasto-Acoustics....Pages 621-626
Real-Time Flaw Classification in Welds with Three Dimensional Ultrasonic Images....Pages 627-633
Acoustic Emission Data From Pull-Out Tests of Reinforced Concrete Analysed with Respect to Passive Us-Tomography....Pages 635-647
Acoustic Emission Images of Cracks in Solids....Pages 649-660
Phase-Insensitive Detection of Backscattered Ultrasound for Void Content Determination in Fiber Reinforced Composites....Pages 661-666
Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Evaluation: High Resolution Techniques for Ceramic Materials....Pages 667-674
High Resolution Ultrasonic Images for Defect Detection in Wood....Pages 675-681
Reconstruction of Sound Velocity Profiles in the Atmosphere from Impulse Measurements....Pages 683-689
Waveform Tomography for Two Parameters in Elastic Media Applied to Cross-Well Geophysics....Pages 691-698
Ultrasonic Wave Investigation for Solid Impurities Detection in Opaque Pharmacological Products....Pages 699-705
High Resolution Multisensor Ultrasonic System for Robot Navigation....Pages 707-712
Sound Fields of Ultrasonic Circumferential Arrays - Case of an Array for Steam Generator Heat Exchanger Tubes....Pages 713-721
3-D Underwater Imaging System....Pages 723-728
Acoustical Imaging of Underwater Plumes....Pages 729-743
Motion Compensation in Synthetic Aperture Sonar Imaging....Pages 745-754
Holographic 3-D Imaging System Using Encoded Wavefront: Theoretical Analysis on Repetitive Transmission....Pages 755-764
Holographic 3-D Imaging System Using Encoded Wavefront: an Underwater Imaging System....Pages 765-772
Multi-View Imaging in Oceanic Waveguides by Dark Field Method....Pages 773-781
The Application of Fresnel Intergrals to the Study of Underwater Noise Sources....Pages 783-791
Suppression of Surface and Bottom Reverberation in Multi-Beam Sonar Images....Pages 793-800
Segmentation of Multispectral Sonar Images....Pages 801-809
Back Matter....Pages 811-820
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