Ebook: Topics in Applied Mechanics: Integration of Theory and Applications in Applied Mechanics

In collaboration with the Contact Group Experimental Mechanics in The Netherlands and under the auspices of the Technological Institute of the Koninklijke Vlaamse Ingenieurs Vereniging (Royal Flemish Society of Engineers), the Department of Ap­ plied Mechanics of the Koninklijk Instituut van Ingenieurs (Royal Institution of Engineers in The Netherlands) organised the second National Mechanics Congress in The Netherlands, on November 16-18, 1992. About hundred participants from universities and industrial research laboratories in The Netherlands and Belgium discussed topics around the theme: Building Bridges, Integration of Theory and Applications in Applied Mechanics. Building bridges is of course one of the main tasks of a civil engineer, in order to improve the infrastructure of our society. Strength, stiffness and stability have to be guaranteed for a large number of years of service. Localised effects such as shear lag in longitudinal stiffeners, small cracks in concrete structures and effects of corrosion may on the long tenn lead to catastrofic failure of bridges. During the congress J.P. Gailliez presented a talk about the hydraulic ship lifts in the Canal du Centre in south Belgium. Built more than a hundred years ago, the elevators still are in a perfect condition and are recognized now as an industrial archeological monument.

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This volume is a compilation of contributions in applied mechanics, dealing with both solid and fluid mechanics. The contributions are based on material presented at the national mechanics congress held in the Netherlands during November 16--18, 1992.
The scope of the volume covers both theoretical and applied issues, including the following themes:

• Experimental mechanics, how to use modern electronic equipment, optical techniques and software tools to measure strain, stress, displacements, forces, etc. in both fluids and solids.
• The analysis of localised effects on stiffness, strength and stability of structures, like dikes, bridges, roads, and all public works necessary to improve among other things the navigability of canals and rivers.
• The analysis of damage processes in concrete and fiber reinforced polymers and the quest to make such processes accessible by numerical computation.
• The analysis of localised effects on fluid flow, leading to more understanding of the origin of the different colours of musical tones and human speech, but also to more understanding of the pulsating flow of blood through complicated shaped arteries and drag reduction in turbulent flow through pipes or along walls, as a result of small sized surface grooves or the addition of a very small amount of polymer to liquids.
• The investigation of non-linearities in the behaviour of dynamic systems such as manipulators, railway vehicles, etc.
• Micromechanics and constitutive equations. In order to describe complex material behaviour understanding of momentum and heat transport on almost the molecular level is needed. This emphasizes the importance of micromechanics in relation to the ultimate strength of composite materials, ranging from fiber reinforced plastics up to very high temperature resistant ceramics toughened by thin hairlike crystals of exceptional mechanical strength.
• Fluid-structure interactions, such as occur in non-rigid pipelines and artery systems.

---

This volume is a compilation of contributions in applied mechanics, dealing with both solid and fluid mechanics. The contributions are based on material presented at the national mechanics congress held in the Netherlands during November 16--18, 1992.
The scope of the volume covers both theoretical and applied issues, including the following themes:

• Experimental mechanics, how to use modern electronic equipment, optical techniques and software tools to measure strain, stress, displacements, forces, etc. in both fluids and solids.
• The analysis of localised effects on stiffness, strength and stability of structures, like dikes, bridges, roads, and all public works necessary to improve among other things the navigability of canals and rivers.
• The analysis of damage processes in concrete and fiber reinforced polymers and the quest to make such processes accessible by numerical computation.
• The analysis of localised effects on fluid flow, leading to more understanding of the origin of the different colours of musical tones and human speech, but also to more understanding of the pulsating flow of blood through complicated shaped arteries and drag reduction in turbulent flow through pipes or along walls, as a result of small sized surface grooves or the addition of a very small amount of polymer to liquids.
• The investigation of non-linearities in the behaviour of dynamic systems such as manipulators, railway vehicles, etc.
• Micromechanics and constitutive equations. In order to describe complex material behaviour understanding of momentum and heat transport on almost the molecular level is needed. This emphasizes the importance of micromechanics in relation to the ultimate strength of composite materials, ranging from fiber reinforced plastics up to very high temperature resistant ceramics toughened by thin hairlike crystals of exceptional mechanical strength.
• Fluid-structure interactions, such as occur in non-rigid pipelines and artery systems.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xiii
Construction simulation of some bridges over the river IJssel....Pages 1-8
Damage Processes in Solids and Structures and their Numerical Computation....Pages 89-95
Experimental Mechanics; Why, How, Co-Operatively?....Pages 9-16
The Bridge between Experimental and Numerical Techniques: Numerical Modelling of Linear Elastic and Viscoelastic Response of Composite Structures....Pages 17-38
Tuning Shock Test Results and Mathematical Models Using an Optimal State Estimation Method....Pages 39-55
Fluid-Structure Interaction in Non-Rigid Pipeline Systems — Large Scale Validation Tests — (Eureka Project 274)....Pages 57-64
Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Cracking in Concrete and Sandstone....Pages 65-72
The verification of numerical calculations with tests on sand in the geocentrifuge....Pages 73-80
Parametric identification of an aircraft landing gear damper, by means of periodic excitation....Pages 81-88
Computational Models for Fragmentation Tests....Pages 97-110
FAME-D, A Finite Element Code Based on Continuum Damage Mechanics....Pages 111-118
Continuous and Discontinuous Modelling of the Contact between Wheel Flange and Rail....Pages 119-126
An anisotropic damage model for laminated composites....Pages 127-136
Analysis of supercritical transformation with dilatation and shear effects during crack growth in ceramics....Pages 137-146
Phenomenological Modelling of Damage in Polymer Blends....Pages 147-154
Damage Processes in Solids and Structures and their Numerical Computation....Pages 89-95
Computational Models for Fragmentation Tests....Pages 97-110
FAME-D, A Finite Element Code Based on Continuum Damage Mechanics....Pages 111-118
Continuous and Discontinuous Modelling of the Contact between Wheel Flange and Rail....Pages 119-126
An anisotropic damage model for laminated composites....Pages 127-136
Analysis of supercritical transformation with dilatation and shear effects during crack growth in ceramics....Pages 137-146
Phenomenological Modelling of Damage in Polymer Blends....Pages 147-154
Spin-Up in Non-Axisymmetric Containers....Pages 155-162
Attack transient of a flue organ pipe....Pages 163-171
Finite Element Simulation of Local Effects in Nonisothermal Viscoelastic Flows....Pages 173-180
Numerical Analysis of Unsteady Viscoelastic Contraction Flows of Multi-Mode Fluids....Pages 181-188
Turbulent Free-Surface Flow Over a Sill....Pages 189-196
Local effects in some non-linear evolution equations....Pages 197-204
Fluid-Structure Interaction and Column Separation in a Closed Pipe....Pages 205-212
Thermo-mechanical properties of roof rock of coal for underground gasification....Pages 347-354
Micro-rheological modelling of heat conduction in polymers....Pages 213-221
Rheology and Microstructure of Liquid Crystalline Polymers....Pages 223-230
Limiting Toughness of Polymers The relation between molecular and microscopic structure....Pages 231-244
Constitutive models for composite materials with interfaces....Pages 245-252
A Three Dimensional Model for Nonlinear Viscoelasticity....Pages 253-260
A Finite Rotation Triangular Shell Element....Pages 355-362
Finite element preconditioned spectral element methods for convection-diffusion problems....Pages 363-370
Structural Dynamics of Mechanical Systems with Local Nonlinearities under Periodic Excitation....Pages 261-268
Improving Manipulator Control with Acceleration Measurements....Pages 269-276
Combined Finite Element and Multibody Techniques for Vehicle Occupant Safety Studies....Pages 277-284
Application of Cell Mapping Methods to a Nonlinear Dynamic System....Pages 285-292
Manifolds of Nonlinear Dynamic Single-DOF Systems....Pages 293-303
A Non-Invasive Method to Find Langer’s Lines of Skin....Pages 305-312
The influence of minor stenoses on the flow in the carotid artery bifurcation....Pages 313-320
Osmotic Prestressing of a Spinal Motion Segment....Pages 321-330
Rheology and Rheometry For Highly Filled Reactive Materials....Pages 331-338
Structural Optimization History and State-of-the-Art....Pages 339-345
Thermo-mechanical properties of roof rock of coal for underground gasification....Pages 347-354
A Finite Rotation Triangular Shell Element....Pages 355-362
Finite element preconditioned spectral element methods for convection-diffusion problems....Pages 363-370
Back Matter....Pages 371-374

---

This volume is a compilation of contributions in applied mechanics, dealing with both solid and fluid mechanics. The contributions are based on material presented at the national mechanics congress held in the Netherlands during November 16--18, 1992.
The scope of the volume covers both theoretical and applied issues, including the following themes:

• Experimental mechanics, how to use modern electronic equipment, optical techniques and software tools to measure strain, stress, displacements, forces, etc. in both fluids and solids.
• The analysis of localised effects on stiffness, strength and stability of structures, like dikes, bridges, roads, and all public works necessary to improve among other things the navigability of canals and rivers.
• The analysis of damage processes in concrete and fiber reinforced polymers and the quest to make such processes accessible by numerical computation.
• The analysis of localised effects on fluid flow, leading to more understanding of the origin of the different colours of musical tones and human speech, but also to more understanding of the pulsating flow of blood through complicated shaped arteries and drag reduction in turbulent flow through pipes or along walls, as a result of small sized surface grooves or the addition of a very small amount of polymer to liquids.
• The investigation of non-linearities in the behaviour of dynamic systems such as manipulators, railway vehicles, etc.
• Micromechanics and constitutive equations. In order to describe complex material behaviour understanding of momentum and heat transport on almost the molecular level is needed. This emphasizes the importance of micromechanics in relation to the ultimate strength of composite materials, ranging from fiber reinforced plastics up to very high temperature resistant ceramics toughened by thin hairlike crystals of exceptional mechanical strength.
• Fluid-structure interactions, such as occur in non-rigid pipelines and artery systems.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xiii
Construction simulation of some bridges over the river IJssel....Pages 1-8
Damage Processes in Solids and Structures and their Numerical Computation....Pages 89-95
Experimental Mechanics; Why, How, Co-Operatively?....Pages 9-16
The Bridge between Experimental and Numerical Techniques: Numerical Modelling of Linear Elastic and Viscoelastic Response of Composite Structures....Pages 17-38
Tuning Shock Test Results and Mathematical Models Using an Optimal State Estimation Method....Pages 39-55
Fluid-Structure Interaction in Non-Rigid Pipeline Systems — Large Scale Validation Tests — (Eureka Project 274)....Pages 57-64
Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Cracking in Concrete and Sandstone....Pages 65-72
The verification of numerical calculations with tests on sand in the geocentrifuge....Pages 73-80
Parametric identification of an aircraft landing gear damper, by means of periodic excitation....Pages 81-88
Computational Models for Fragmentation Tests....Pages 97-110
FAME-D, A Finite Element Code Based on Continuum Damage Mechanics....Pages 111-118
Continuous and Discontinuous Modelling of the Contact between Wheel Flange and Rail....Pages 119-126
An anisotropic damage model for laminated composites....Pages 127-136
Analysis of supercritical transformation with dilatation and shear effects during crack growth in ceramics....Pages 137-146
Phenomenological Modelling of Damage in Polymer Blends....Pages 147-154
Damage Processes in Solids and Structures and their Numerical Computation....Pages 89-95
Computational Models for Fragmentation Tests....Pages 97-110
FAME-D, A Finite Element Code Based on Continuum Damage Mechanics....Pages 111-118
Continuous and Discontinuous Modelling of the Contact between Wheel Flange and Rail....Pages 119-126
An anisotropic damage model for laminated composites....Pages 127-136
Analysis of supercritical transformation with dilatation and shear effects during crack growth in ceramics....Pages 137-146
Phenomenological Modelling of Damage in Polymer Blends....Pages 147-154
Spin-Up in Non-Axisymmetric Containers....Pages 155-162
Attack transient of a flue organ pipe....Pages 163-171
Finite Element Simulation of Local Effects in Nonisothermal Viscoelastic Flows....Pages 173-180
Numerical Analysis of Unsteady Viscoelastic Contraction Flows of Multi-Mode Fluids....Pages 181-188
Turbulent Free-Surface Flow Over a Sill....Pages 189-196
Local effects in some non-linear evolution equations....Pages 197-204
Fluid-Structure Interaction and Column Separation in a Closed Pipe....Pages 205-212
Thermo-mechanical properties of roof rock of coal for underground gasification....Pages 347-354
Micro-rheological modelling of heat conduction in polymers....Pages 213-221
Rheology and Microstructure of Liquid Crystalline Polymers....Pages 223-230
Limiting Toughness of Polymers The relation between molecular and microscopic structure....Pages 231-244
Constitutive models for composite materials with interfaces....Pages 245-252
A Three Dimensional Model for Nonlinear Viscoelasticity....Pages 253-260
A Finite Rotation Triangular Shell Element....Pages 355-362
Finite element preconditioned spectral element methods for convection-diffusion problems....Pages 363-370
Structural Dynamics of Mechanical Systems with Local Nonlinearities under Periodic Excitation....Pages 261-268
Improving Manipulator Control with Acceleration Measurements....Pages 269-276
Combined Finite Element and Multibody Techniques for Vehicle Occupant Safety Studies....Pages 277-284
Application of Cell Mapping Methods to a Nonlinear Dynamic System....Pages 285-292
Manifolds of Nonlinear Dynamic Single-DOF Systems....Pages 293-303
A Non-Invasive Method to Find Langer’s Lines of Skin....Pages 305-312
The influence of minor stenoses on the flow in the carotid artery bifurcation....Pages 313-320
Osmotic Prestressing of a Spinal Motion Segment....Pages 321-330
Rheology and Rheometry For Highly Filled Reactive Materials....Pages 331-338
Structural Optimization History and State-of-the-Art....Pages 339-345
Thermo-mechanical properties of roof rock of coal for underground gasification....Pages 347-354
A Finite Rotation Triangular Shell Element....Pages 355-362
Finite element preconditioned spectral element methods for convection-diffusion problems....Pages 363-370
Back Matter....Pages 371-374
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