Ebook: Bridge Evaluation, Repair and Rehabilitation

Evaluation, repair and rehabilitation of bridges are increasingly important topics in the effort to deal with the deteriorating infrastructure. For example, in the United States about 40 percent of the nation's 570,000 bridges are classified, according to the Federal Highway Administra­ tion's (FHW A) criteria, as deficient and in need of rehabilitation and replacement. In other countries the situation is similar. FHW A estimates the cost of a bridge replacement and reha­ bilitation program at 50 billion dollars. The major factors that have contributed to the present situation are: the age, inadequate maintenance, increasing load spectra and environmental contamination. The deficient bridges are posted, repaired or replaced. The disposition of bridges involves clear economical and safety implications. To avoid high costs of replacement or repair, the evaluation must accurately reveal the present load carrying capacity of the struc­ ture and predict loads and any further changes in the capacity (deterioration) in the applicable time span. Accuracy of bridge evaluation can be improved by using the recent developments in bridge diagnostics, structural tests, material tests, structural analysis and probabilistic methods. There is a need for an international exchange of advanced experience to increase the research effi­ ciency. The Workshop is organized on the premise that the exchange of existing American and European experience in the area of bridge evaluation, repair and rehabilitation is beneficial for both parties involved.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xviii
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Bridge Management — The Answer to the Challenge....Pages 3-10
Danbro — A Bridge Management System for Many Levels....Pages 11-21
Emerging Methodologies for Bridge Management Systems....Pages 23-39
A Network Optimization System for Maintenance and Improvement of California’s Bridges....Pages 41-55
State of the Art for Control of Bridge Approach Settlement....Pages 57-70
Front Matter....Pages 71-71
Diagnostic Procedures for Bridges....Pages 73-84
Long-Term Monitoring of Bridge Deformation....Pages 85-100
Flaw Detection in Concrete Using the Impact-Echo Method....Pages 101-118
Applications with Optical Fiber Sensor System for Monitoring Prestressed Concrete Structures....Pages 119-132
Detection of Structural Changes in a Bridge Model....Pages 133-143
Detection, Diagnosis, and Monitoring of Cracked Prestressed Concrete Bridges....Pages 145-159
Modal Technology for Damage Detection of Bridges....Pages 161-174
A Dynamic Method for the Safety Inspection of Large Prestressed Bridges....Pages 175-185
Improved Structural Monitoring with Acoustic Emission Pattern Recognition....Pages 187-199
Diagnosis of Reinforced Structures: An Active Microwave Imaging System....Pages 201-215
Monitoring Prestress Forces in a Box Girder Bridge....Pages 217-228
Assessment of Bridge Deck Repairs by a Non-Destructive Technique....Pages 229-233
Dynamic Characterization of Posttensioned Rods in Stressed Timber Systems....Pages 235-248
Techniques for Assessing the Concrete (State) Condition in Bridges....Pages 249-258
Front Matter....Pages 259-259
Fatigue Loading and Design for Road Bridges....Pages 261-275
Front Matter....Pages 259-259
Bridge Load Models and Truck Weight Regulations....Pages 277-291
Dynamic Behavior of Bridge under Full Traffic....Pages 293-306
Finite Element Modeling and Bridge Reliability Evaluation....Pages 307-321
Probability Based Load Models of Highway Traffic for ULS and SLS Analyses....Pages 323-337
Distortion-Induced Fatigue Cracking of a Non-Composite Steel Girder-Floorbeam-Stringer Bridge....Pages 339-348
Non Linear Interaction of Longitudinal and Transverse Load Effects in Concrete Box Girder Bridges....Pages 349-363
Front Matter....Pages 365-365
Evaluation of Bridges — European Perspective....Pages 367-377
Utilization of Service Loads in Bridge Evaluation....Pages 379-389
Prestressed Concrete Girders after 20 Years in Service....Pages 391-403
Dynamic Testing of Bridges using Traffic-Induced Vibration....Pages 405-420
Measured Stresses in the Deck Segments of a Cable-Stayed Bridge....Pages 421-433
Evaluation of an Old Prestressed Concrete Bridge....Pages 435-443
Instrumentation of a Cable Stayed Bridge at Skagway, Alaska....Pages 445-462
Full Scale Testing of Steel Railway Bridges....Pages 463-478
Static Strength Tests of Steel Plate Strengthened Concrete Beams....Pages 479-492
Front Matter....Pages 493-493
Bridge Repair Methods — U.S./Canadian Practice....Pages 495-512
Structural Strengthening by External Prestressing....Pages 513-523
Strengthening of a Three-Span Continuous Bridge by Post-Tensioning....Pages 525-538
Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Structures — Experimental System Installed on a Viaduct in Service on the IRI-Italstat Network....Pages 539-554
Rehabilitation of Steel Truss Bridges in Ontario....Pages 555-566
Front Matter....Pages 493-493
Reinforcement of N9 Motorway Bridges over the Lutrive Valley Near Lausanne- Switzerland....Pages 567-577
Fiber Composites for Bridge Rehabilitation....Pages 579-588
Rehabilitation of the Harry W. Nice Memorial Bridge....Pages 589-602
Durability of Concrete Bridge Decks with Reduced Reinforcement....Pages 603-615
Front Matter....Pages 617-617
Bridge Management....Pages 619-619
Bridge Diagnostics....Pages 621-621
Bridge Evaluation....Pages 623-624
Bridge Repair....Pages 625-625
Back Matter....Pages 627-632

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xviii
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Bridge Management — The Answer to the Challenge....Pages 3-10
Danbro — A Bridge Management System for Many Levels....Pages 11-21
Emerging Methodologies for Bridge Management Systems....Pages 23-39
A Network Optimization System for Maintenance and Improvement of California’s Bridges....Pages 41-55
State of the Art for Control of Bridge Approach Settlement....Pages 57-70
Front Matter....Pages 71-71
Diagnostic Procedures for Bridges....Pages 73-84
Long-Term Monitoring of Bridge Deformation....Pages 85-100
Flaw Detection in Concrete Using the Impact-Echo Method....Pages 101-118
Applications with Optical Fiber Sensor System for Monitoring Prestressed Concrete Structures....Pages 119-132
Detection of Structural Changes in a Bridge Model....Pages 133-143
Detection, Diagnosis, and Monitoring of Cracked Prestressed Concrete Bridges....Pages 145-159
Modal Technology for Damage Detection of Bridges....Pages 161-174
A Dynamic Method for the Safety Inspection of Large Prestressed Bridges....Pages 175-185
Improved Structural Monitoring with Acoustic Emission Pattern Recognition....Pages 187-199
Diagnosis of Reinforced Structures: An Active Microwave Imaging System....Pages 201-215
Monitoring Prestress Forces in a Box Girder Bridge....Pages 217-228
Assessment of Bridge Deck Repairs by a Non-Destructive Technique....Pages 229-233
Dynamic Characterization of Posttensioned Rods in Stressed Timber Systems....Pages 235-248
Techniques for Assessing the Concrete (State) Condition in Bridges....Pages 249-258
Front Matter....Pages 259-259
Fatigue Loading and Design for Road Bridges....Pages 261-275
Front Matter....Pages 259-259
Bridge Load Models and Truck Weight Regulations....Pages 277-291
Dynamic Behavior of Bridge under Full Traffic....Pages 293-306
Finite Element Modeling and Bridge Reliability Evaluation....Pages 307-321
Probability Based Load Models of Highway Traffic for ULS and SLS Analyses....Pages 323-337
Distortion-Induced Fatigue Cracking of a Non-Composite Steel Girder-Floorbeam-Stringer Bridge....Pages 339-348
Non Linear Interaction of Longitudinal and Transverse Load Effects in Concrete Box Girder Bridges....Pages 349-363
Front Matter....Pages 365-365
Evaluation of Bridges — European Perspective....Pages 367-377
Utilization of Service Loads in Bridge Evaluation....Pages 379-389
Prestressed Concrete Girders after 20 Years in Service....Pages 391-403
Dynamic Testing of Bridges using Traffic-Induced Vibration....Pages 405-420
Measured Stresses in the Deck Segments of a Cable-Stayed Bridge....Pages 421-433
Evaluation of an Old Prestressed Concrete Bridge....Pages 435-443
Instrumentation of a Cable Stayed Bridge at Skagway, Alaska....Pages 445-462
Full Scale Testing of Steel Railway Bridges....Pages 463-478
Static Strength Tests of Steel Plate Strengthened Concrete Beams....Pages 479-492
Front Matter....Pages 493-493
Bridge Repair Methods — U.S./Canadian Practice....Pages 495-512
Structural Strengthening by External Prestressing....Pages 513-523
Strengthening of a Three-Span Continuous Bridge by Post-Tensioning....Pages 525-538
Cathodic Protection of Reinforced Concrete Structures — Experimental System Installed on a Viaduct in Service on the IRI-Italstat Network....Pages 539-554
Rehabilitation of Steel Truss Bridges in Ontario....Pages 555-566
Front Matter....Pages 493-493
Reinforcement of N9 Motorway Bridges over the Lutrive Valley Near Lausanne- Switzerland....Pages 567-577
Fiber Composites for Bridge Rehabilitation....Pages 579-588
Rehabilitation of the Harry W. Nice Memorial Bridge....Pages 589-602
Durability of Concrete Bridge Decks with Reduced Reinforcement....Pages 603-615
Front Matter....Pages 617-617
Bridge Management....Pages 619-619
Bridge Diagnostics....Pages 621-621
Bridge Evaluation....Pages 623-624
Bridge Repair....Pages 625-625
Back Matter....Pages 627-632
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