Ebook: Electrical Nerve Stimulation: Theory, Experiments and Applications

Functional electrical stimulation is the most important application in the field of clinical treatment with currents or magnetism. This technique artificially generates neural activity in order to overcome lost functions of the paralized, incontinent or sensory handicapped patient. Electricity and magnetism is also used in many cases, e.g., to stimulate bone growth or wound healing. Nevertheless, the basic mechanism of the artificial excitation of nerve and muscle fibers has become known only in the last few years. Although many textbooks are concerned with the natural excitation process there is a lack of information on the influence of an applied electrical or magnetic field. This book, written for students and biomedical engineers, should close the gap and, furthermore, it should stimulate the design of new instrumentation using optimal strategies.

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Functional electrical stimulation is the most important application in the field of clinical treatment with currents or magnetism. This technique artificially generates neural activity in order to overcome lost functions of the paralized, incontinent or sensory handicapped patient. Electricity and magnetism is also used in many cases, e.g., to stimulate bone growth or wound healing. Nevertheless, the basic mechanism of the artificial excitation of nerve and muscle fibers has become known only in the last few years. Although many textbooks are concerned with the natural excitation process there is a lack of information on the influence of an applied electrical or magnetic field. This book, written for students and biomedical engineers, should close the gap and, furthermore, it should stimulate the design of new instrumentation using optimal strategies.

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Functional electrical stimulation is the most important application in the field of clinical treatment with currents or magnetism. This technique artificially generates neural activity in order to overcome lost functions of the paralized, incontinent or sensory handicapped patient. Electricity and magnetism is also used in many cases, e.g., to stimulate bone growth or wound healing. Nevertheless, the basic mechanism of the artificial excitation of nerve and muscle fibers has become known only in the last few years. Although many textbooks are concerned with the natural excitation process there is a lack of information on the influence of an applied electrical or magnetic field. This book, written for students and biomedical engineers, should close the gap and, furthermore, it should stimulate the design of new instrumentation using optimal strategies.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-8
Functional Electrical Nerve Stimulation: A Way to Restore Lost Functions....Pages 9-29
Functional Design of the Nervous System....Pages 30-38
The Excitability of Cells....Pages 39-51
The Space Clamp Experiment of Hodgkin and Huxley — Non-Propagating Action Potentials....Pages 52-72
Modeling the Membrane....Pages 73-104
Propagation of the Spike....Pages 105-121
Extracellular Stimulation of Fibers....Pages 122-139
Current-Distance Relations for Monopolar Electrodes and for Ring Electrodes....Pages 140-156
Repetitive Firing and Fiber Reactions to Periodic Stimuli....Pages 157-180
Control of the Neuromuscular System....Pages 181-190
Case Studies: Nerve Cuff Electrodes, Stimulation by Magnetic Fields....Pages 191-198
Electrostimulation of the Auditory Nerve — Cochlear Implants....Pages 199-240
Back Matter....Pages 241-264

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Functional electrical stimulation is the most important application in the field of clinical treatment with currents or magnetism. This technique artificially generates neural activity in order to overcome lost functions of the paralized, incontinent or sensory handicapped patient. Electricity and magnetism is also used in many cases, e.g., to stimulate bone growth or wound healing. Nevertheless, the basic mechanism of the artificial excitation of nerve and muscle fibers has become known only in the last few years. Although many textbooks are concerned with the natural excitation process there is a lack of information on the influence of an applied electrical or magnetic field. This book, written for students and biomedical engineers, should close the gap and, furthermore, it should stimulate the design of new instrumentation using optimal strategies.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-8
Functional Electrical Nerve Stimulation: A Way to Restore Lost Functions....Pages 9-29
Functional Design of the Nervous System....Pages 30-38
The Excitability of Cells....Pages 39-51
The Space Clamp Experiment of Hodgkin and Huxley — Non-Propagating Action Potentials....Pages 52-72
Modeling the Membrane....Pages 73-104
Propagation of the Spike....Pages 105-121
Extracellular Stimulation of Fibers....Pages 122-139
Current-Distance Relations for Monopolar Electrodes and for Ring Electrodes....Pages 140-156
Repetitive Firing and Fiber Reactions to Periodic Stimuli....Pages 157-180
Control of the Neuromuscular System....Pages 181-190
Case Studies: Nerve Cuff Electrodes, Stimulation by Magnetic Fields....Pages 191-198
Electrostimulation of the Auditory Nerve — Cochlear Implants....Pages 199-240
Back Matter....Pages 241-264
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