Ebook: Multiple Muscle Systems: Biomechanics and Movement Organization

The picture on the front cover of this book depicts a young man pulling a fishnet, a task of practical relevance for many centuries. It is a complex task, involving load transmission throughout the body, intricate balance, and eye­ head-hand coordination. The quest toward understanding how we perform such tasks with skill and grace, often in the presence of unpredictable pertur­ bations, has a long history. However, despite a history of magnificent sculptures and drawings of the human body which vividly depict muscle ac­ tivity and interaction, until more recent times our state of knowledge of human movement was rather primitive. During the past century this has changed; we now have developed a considerable database regarding the com­ position and basic properties of muscle and nerve tissue and the basic causal relations between neural function and biomechanical movement. Over the last few decades we have also seen an increased appreciation of the impor­ tance of musculoskeletal biomechanics: the neuromotor system must control movement within a world governed by mechanical laws. We have now col­ lected quantitative data for a wealth of human movements. Our capacity to understand the data we collect has been enhanced by our continually evolving modeling capabilities and by the availability of computational power. What have we learned? This book is designed to help synthesize our current knowledge regarding the role of muscles in human movement. The study of human movement is not a mature discipline.

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The study of biomechanics and movements organization has become progressively more complex since the development of advanced computers and improved measurement techniques. In Multiple Muscle Systems - Biomechanics and Movements Organization, Jack M. Winters and Savio L-Y. Woo present a critical and exhaustive assessment of the relationships between muscle properties, musculoskeletal dynamics, and neuromotor organizational strategies. Respected leaders in this growing interdisciplinary field have contributed both theoretical and applied material to this volume. The book begins with a definitive treatment of muscle mechanics and modelling approaches for musculoskeletal movements systems, and continues with the principles underlying movements organization. It synthesizes existing information into a novel and cohesive characterization of biomechanics and movements organization, and offers many fresh perspectives of this rapidly expanding discipline. With its timely, up-to-date nature, it will appeal to professionals and re- searchers in the fields of biomechanics, biomedical engineering, physical education, and medicine, and to graduate students with an interest in bioengineering, physiology, and neuroscience.

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The study of biomechanics and movements organization has become progressively more complex since the development of advanced computers and improved measurement techniques. In Multiple Muscle Systems - Biomechanics and Movements Organization, Jack M. Winters and Savio L-Y. Woo present a critical and exhaustive assessment of the relationships between muscle properties, musculoskeletal dynamics, and neuromotor organizational strategies. Respected leaders in this growing interdisciplinary field have contributed both theoretical and applied material to this volume. The book begins with a definitive treatment of muscle mechanics and modelling approaches for musculoskeletal movements systems, and continues with the principles underlying movements organization. It synthesizes existing information into a novel and cohesive characterization of biomechanics and movements organization, and offers many fresh perspectives of this rapidly expanding discipline. With its timely, up-to-date nature, it will appeal to professionals and re- searchers in the fields of biomechanics, biomedical engineering, physical education, and medicine, and to graduate students with an interest in bioengineering, physiology, and neuroscience.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xx
Modeling Muscle Mechanics (and Energetics)....Pages 1-23
The Charge-Transfer Model of Myofilamentary Interaction: Prediction of Force Enhancement and Related Myodynamic Phenomena....Pages 24-45
Modeling of Lengthening Muscle: The Role of Inter-Sarcomere Dynamics....Pages 46-56
Architecture and Elastic Properties of the Series Elastic Element of Muscle-Tendon Complex....Pages 57-68
Hill-Based Muscle Models: A Systems Engineering Perspective....Pages 69-93
Input Identification Depends on Model Complexity....Pages 94-100
Actuator Properties and Movement Control: Biological and Technological Models....Pages 101-120
Modeling Musculoskeletal Movement Systems: Joint and Body Segmental Dynamics, Musculoskeletal Actuation, and Neuromuscular Control....Pages 121-148
Mechanical Impedance of Single- and Multi-Articular Systems....Pages 149-164
Linking Musculoskeletal Mechanics to Sensorimotor Neurophysiology....Pages 165-181
Principles Underlying Movement Organization: Upper Limb....Pages 182-194
The Origin of Electromyograms — Explanations Based on the Equilibrium Point Hypothesis....Pages 195-213
Nonlinear Damping of Limb Motion....Pages 214-235
Principles Underlying Single-Joint Movement Strategies....Pages 236-250
Organizing Principles Underlying Motor Skill Acquisition....Pages 251-267
Direction-Dependent Strategy for Control of Multi-Joint Arm Movements....Pages 268-281
The Organization of Human Arm Trajectory Control....Pages 282-301
The Activation of Mono- and Bi-Articular Muscles in Multi-Joint Movements....Pages 302-311
Optimized Strategies for Scaling Goal-Directed Dynamic Limb Movements....Pages 312-334
Self-Organizing Neural Mechanisms Possibly Responsible for Muscle Coordination....Pages 335-342
External Control of Limb Movements Involving Environmental Interactions....Pages 343-359
Model-Based, Multi-Muscle EMG Control of Upper-Extremity Prostheses....Pages 360-376
Role of Muscle in Postural Tasks: Spinal Loading and Postural Stability....Pages 377-395
Use of Musculoskeletal Models in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Low Back Pain....Pages 396-409
Musculoskeletal Function of the Spine....Pages 410-437
Postural Biomechanical Stability and Gross Muscular Architecture in the Spine....Pages 438-450
Modeling of Muscle Action and Stability of the Human Spine....Pages 451-460
Neck Muscle Activity and 3-D Head Kinematics During Quasi-Static and Dynamic Tracking Movements....Pages 461-480
Muscle Activation Patterns Coordinating Postural Stability from Head to Foot....Pages 481-497
Segmental Movement as a Perturbation to Balance? Facts and Concepts....Pages 498-506
Simulation Experiments can Shed Light on the Functional Aspects of Postural Adjustments Related to Voluntary Movements....Pages 507-517
Simulation Studies of Musculo-Skeletal Dynamics in Cycling and Sitting on a Chair....Pages 518-533
Control of Balance of Upper Body During Gait....Pages 534-541
Individual Strategies of Muscle Recruitment in Complex Natural Movements....Pages 542-549
Overview: Influence of Muscle on Cyclic and Propulsive Movements Involving the Lower Limb....Pages 550-567
The Architecture of Leg Muscles....Pages 568-577
Spring-Like Properties of Muscles and Reflexes in Running....Pages 578-590
Effects of Muscle Elasticity in Walking and Running....Pages 591-607
Muscular Coordination in Sporting Skills....Pages 608-620
Analysis of Muscular Work in Multisegmental Movements: Application to Cycling....Pages 621-638
The Unique Action of Bi-Articular Muscles in Leg Extensions....Pages 639-652
An Analytical Framework for Quantifying Muscular Action During Human Movement....Pages 653-662
Performing Whole-Body Simulations of Gait with 3-D, Dynamic Musculoskeletal Models....Pages 663-679
Adaptability of Motor Patterns in Pathological Gait....Pages 680-693
Whole Body Movement: Coordination of Arms and Legs in Walking and Running....Pages 694-705
Brain Plans and Servo Loops in Determining Corrective Movements....Pages 706-716
Back Matter....Pages 775-801

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The study of biomechanics and movements organization has become progressively more complex since the development of advanced computers and improved measurement techniques. In Multiple Muscle Systems - Biomechanics and Movements Organization, Jack M. Winters and Savio L-Y. Woo present a critical and exhaustive assessment of the relationships between muscle properties, musculoskeletal dynamics, and neuromotor organizational strategies. Respected leaders in this growing interdisciplinary field have contributed both theoretical and applied material to this volume. The book begins with a definitive treatment of muscle mechanics and modelling approaches for musculoskeletal movements systems, and continues with the principles underlying movements organization. It synthesizes existing information into a novel and cohesive characterization of biomechanics and movements organization, and offers many fresh perspectives of this rapidly expanding discipline. With its timely, up-to-date nature, it will appeal to professionals and re- searchers in the fields of biomechanics, biomedical engineering, physical education, and medicine, and to graduate students with an interest in bioengineering, physiology, and neuroscience.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xx
Modeling Muscle Mechanics (and Energetics)....Pages 1-23
The Charge-Transfer Model of Myofilamentary Interaction: Prediction of Force Enhancement and Related Myodynamic Phenomena....Pages 24-45
Modeling of Lengthening Muscle: The Role of Inter-Sarcomere Dynamics....Pages 46-56
Architecture and Elastic Properties of the Series Elastic Element of Muscle-Tendon Complex....Pages 57-68
Hill-Based Muscle Models: A Systems Engineering Perspective....Pages 69-93
Input Identification Depends on Model Complexity....Pages 94-100
Actuator Properties and Movement Control: Biological and Technological Models....Pages 101-120
Modeling Musculoskeletal Movement Systems: Joint and Body Segmental Dynamics, Musculoskeletal Actuation, and Neuromuscular Control....Pages 121-148
Mechanical Impedance of Single- and Multi-Articular Systems....Pages 149-164
Linking Musculoskeletal Mechanics to Sensorimotor Neurophysiology....Pages 165-181
Principles Underlying Movement Organization: Upper Limb....Pages 182-194
The Origin of Electromyograms — Explanations Based on the Equilibrium Point Hypothesis....Pages 195-213
Nonlinear Damping of Limb Motion....Pages 214-235
Principles Underlying Single-Joint Movement Strategies....Pages 236-250
Organizing Principles Underlying Motor Skill Acquisition....Pages 251-267
Direction-Dependent Strategy for Control of Multi-Joint Arm Movements....Pages 268-281
The Organization of Human Arm Trajectory Control....Pages 282-301
The Activation of Mono- and Bi-Articular Muscles in Multi-Joint Movements....Pages 302-311
Optimized Strategies for Scaling Goal-Directed Dynamic Limb Movements....Pages 312-334
Self-Organizing Neural Mechanisms Possibly Responsible for Muscle Coordination....Pages 335-342
External Control of Limb Movements Involving Environmental Interactions....Pages 343-359
Model-Based, Multi-Muscle EMG Control of Upper-Extremity Prostheses....Pages 360-376
Role of Muscle in Postural Tasks: Spinal Loading and Postural Stability....Pages 377-395
Use of Musculoskeletal Models in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Low Back Pain....Pages 396-409
Musculoskeletal Function of the Spine....Pages 410-437
Postural Biomechanical Stability and Gross Muscular Architecture in the Spine....Pages 438-450
Modeling of Muscle Action and Stability of the Human Spine....Pages 451-460
Neck Muscle Activity and 3-D Head Kinematics During Quasi-Static and Dynamic Tracking Movements....Pages 461-480
Muscle Activation Patterns Coordinating Postural Stability from Head to Foot....Pages 481-497
Segmental Movement as a Perturbation to Balance? Facts and Concepts....Pages 498-506
Simulation Experiments can Shed Light on the Functional Aspects of Postural Adjustments Related to Voluntary Movements....Pages 507-517
Simulation Studies of Musculo-Skeletal Dynamics in Cycling and Sitting on a Chair....Pages 518-533
Control of Balance of Upper Body During Gait....Pages 534-541
Individual Strategies of Muscle Recruitment in Complex Natural Movements....Pages 542-549
Overview: Influence of Muscle on Cyclic and Propulsive Movements Involving the Lower Limb....Pages 550-567
The Architecture of Leg Muscles....Pages 568-577
Spring-Like Properties of Muscles and Reflexes in Running....Pages 578-590
Effects of Muscle Elasticity in Walking and Running....Pages 591-607
Muscular Coordination in Sporting Skills....Pages 608-620
Analysis of Muscular Work in Multisegmental Movements: Application to Cycling....Pages 621-638
The Unique Action of Bi-Articular Muscles in Leg Extensions....Pages 639-652
An Analytical Framework for Quantifying Muscular Action During Human Movement....Pages 653-662
Performing Whole-Body Simulations of Gait with 3-D, Dynamic Musculoskeletal Models....Pages 663-679
Adaptability of Motor Patterns in Pathological Gait....Pages 680-693
Whole Body Movement: Coordination of Arms and Legs in Walking and Running....Pages 694-705
Brain Plans and Servo Loops in Determining Corrective Movements....Pages 706-716
Back Matter....Pages 775-801
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