Ebook: The Superdeep Well of the Kola Peninsula

The present book is devoted to the study of the deep Earth's interior structure, one of the most important problems of Earth sciences today. The drilling of the Kola superdeep well inaugurated a new stage in the study of the Precambrian continental crust. The well was sunk in the northeastern part of the Baltic Shield, in an area where the Precambrian ore-bearing structures, typical of the ancient platform basements, are in juxtaposition with each other. To the present the well has been drilled to a depth of 12 km, has traversed the full thickness of the Proterozoic complex and a considerable part of the Archean stratum, and is still be­ ing worked on. This book reviews the principal results of investigations to a depth of 11,600 m; these are described in three sections: geology, geophysics, and drilling. The book begins with a general review of the history, the present state of knowledge, and trends of further investigations in the field of study of the Earth's interior and superdeep drilling. The first section of the book considers the geology of the vicinity of the Kola superdeep well and describes its geological section based on a detailed examination both of the cores and the near-borehole area.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XIII
Introduction....Pages 1-13
Front Matter....Pages 15-15
Geology of the North-Eastern Part of the Baltic Shield....Pages 17-39
Geological Section of the Well....Pages 40-73
Rocks and Rock-Forming Minerals....Pages 74-112
Geochemistry and Conditions of Formation of the Precambrian Complexes....Pages 113-165
Zonality and Age of Metamorphism....Pages 166-198
Ore Mineralization....Pages 199-222
Shear Zones and Mineralized Fissures....Pages 223-242
Gases and Organic Matter....Pages 243-270
Hydrogeological Essay....Pages 271-287
Evolution of the Continental Crust in the Precambrian....Pages 288-312
Front Matter....Pages 313-313
Geological and Technical Conditions for Logging the Well....Pages 315-316
Combinations of Well Logs....Pages 317-319
Apparatus, Cable, and Equipment for Logging the Kola Well....Pages 320-323
WL Operation Procedure....Pages 324-329
Further Investigations and Improvements in Apparatus and Technology of Superdeep Well Logging....Pages 330-331
Rock Density, Porosity, and Permeability....Pages 332-338
Acoustic Properties of the Rocks....Pages 339-350
Seismic Investigations in the Borehole....Pages 351-361
Rock Electrical Properties....Pages 362-367
Front Matter....Pages 313-313
Magnetic Properties of Rocks....Pages 368-377
Rock Radioactivity....Pages 378-382
Rock Thermal Properties....Pages 383-386
Geothermic Investigations....Pages 387-393
Physico-Mechanical Properties....Pages 394-404
Vertical Zonation in Rock Physical Properties and of the Crustal Structure from the Results of the Present Study....Pages 405-419
Front Matter....Pages 421-421
Technical and Technological Problems of Drilling. The Scientific Basis for Choice of Drilling Equipment and Tools....Pages 423-457
Surface Drilling Equipment and Facilities....Pages 458-472
Drilling Tools and Aids....Pages 473-513
An Integrated Interpretation of Technical and Economic Drilling Results....Pages 514-547
Conclusion....Pages 548-552
Back Matter....Pages 553-559

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XIII
Introduction....Pages 1-13
Front Matter....Pages 15-15
Geology of the North-Eastern Part of the Baltic Shield....Pages 17-39
Geological Section of the Well....Pages 40-73
Rocks and Rock-Forming Minerals....Pages 74-112
Geochemistry and Conditions of Formation of the Precambrian Complexes....Pages 113-165
Zonality and Age of Metamorphism....Pages 166-198
Ore Mineralization....Pages 199-222
Shear Zones and Mineralized Fissures....Pages 223-242
Gases and Organic Matter....Pages 243-270
Hydrogeological Essay....Pages 271-287
Evolution of the Continental Crust in the Precambrian....Pages 288-312
Front Matter....Pages 313-313
Geological and Technical Conditions for Logging the Well....Pages 315-316
Combinations of Well Logs....Pages 317-319
Apparatus, Cable, and Equipment for Logging the Kola Well....Pages 320-323
WL Operation Procedure....Pages 324-329
Further Investigations and Improvements in Apparatus and Technology of Superdeep Well Logging....Pages 330-331
Rock Density, Porosity, and Permeability....Pages 332-338
Acoustic Properties of the Rocks....Pages 339-350
Seismic Investigations in the Borehole....Pages 351-361
Rock Electrical Properties....Pages 362-367
Front Matter....Pages 313-313
Magnetic Properties of Rocks....Pages 368-377
Rock Radioactivity....Pages 378-382
Rock Thermal Properties....Pages 383-386
Geothermic Investigations....Pages 387-393
Physico-Mechanical Properties....Pages 394-404
Vertical Zonation in Rock Physical Properties and of the Crustal Structure from the Results of the Present Study....Pages 405-419
Front Matter....Pages 421-421
Technical and Technological Problems of Drilling. The Scientific Basis for Choice of Drilling Equipment and Tools....Pages 423-457
Surface Drilling Equipment and Facilities....Pages 458-472
Drilling Tools and Aids....Pages 473-513
An Integrated Interpretation of Technical and Economic Drilling Results....Pages 514-547
Conclusion....Pages 548-552
Back Matter....Pages 553-559
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