Ebook: Mathematical Models and Design Methods in Solid-Liquid Separation
- Tags: Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering
- Series: NATO ASI Series 88
- Year: 1985
- Publisher: Springer Netherlands
- Edition: 1
- Language: English
- pdf
The separation of finely-divided solids from liquids constitutes an important stage in many industrial processes. Separation of mixtures ranging from highly concentrated slurries to slightly turbid liquids must be effected in circumstances where the solids, liquid or both phases may have value. Separations may be achieved by use of a membrane or filter medium which, positioned in the path of a flowing suspension, will allow passage of the fluid whilst retaining solids on the surface or within the medium. Alternatively the two phases may be separated by sedimentation processes involving gravitational or centrifugal force. In either mode, separation difficulties are sometimes experienced with the result that solid-liquid separation is often a bottleneck in commercial plants. Operational difficulties and plant failures are associated with the random nature of the particles being separated; variations in size, shape, states of aggregation, compressibility, etc. , produce a wide range of problems. Plugging of the filter medium or the collapse of the solids under applied stress lead to slow flowrates of liquid. The colloidal nature of some precipitates makes separation by settling virtually impossible without the use of chemical agents to enhance the size of basic units and to reduce repulsive surface forces. Unit operations such as filtration, comminution, etc. , involve a seemingly bewildering array of machines which makes plant selection a difficult step and reflects the uncer tainties attaching to operations involving the solid )hase. Many types of pressure, vacuum and centrifugal filter are available.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-VIII
Preface....Pages 1-2
Recent Advances in Compressible Cake Filtration Theory....Pages 3-24
Flow Through Porous Media and Fluid-Particle Hydrodynamics....Pages 25-47
Filtration Theory: Formation and Structure of Compressible Filter Cakes....Pages 48-82
Blocking Filtration. Application to Non-Newtonian Fluids....Pages 83-89
Deep Bed Filters....Pages 90-149
Use of BDST Analysis Techniques for the Design of Filtration Systems Using Coarse Media and Dual Media Filters in Series....Pages 150-169
Pretreatment Processes....Pages 170-206
Hydrodynamic Aspects of Flocculation....Pages 207-232
Precoat Filtration Equations for Flat And Cylindrical Septa....Pages 233-256
Centrifugal Separation....Pages 257-285
Dewatering of Filter Cakes: Vacuum and Pressure Dewatering....Pages 286-309
Filter Cake Washing....Pages 310-332
Filter Media: Woven amp; Non-Woven Cloths for Liquids....Pages 333-355
Dewatering by Compression....Pages 356-391
Back Matter....Pages 393-399
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-VIII
Preface....Pages 1-2
Recent Advances in Compressible Cake Filtration Theory....Pages 3-24
Flow Through Porous Media and Fluid-Particle Hydrodynamics....Pages 25-47
Filtration Theory: Formation and Structure of Compressible Filter Cakes....Pages 48-82
Blocking Filtration. Application to Non-Newtonian Fluids....Pages 83-89
Deep Bed Filters....Pages 90-149
Use of BDST Analysis Techniques for the Design of Filtration Systems Using Coarse Media and Dual Media Filters in Series....Pages 150-169
Pretreatment Processes....Pages 170-206
Hydrodynamic Aspects of Flocculation....Pages 207-232
Precoat Filtration Equations for Flat And Cylindrical Septa....Pages 233-256
Centrifugal Separation....Pages 257-285
Dewatering of Filter Cakes: Vacuum and Pressure Dewatering....Pages 286-309
Filter Cake Washing....Pages 310-332
Filter Media: Woven amp; Non-Woven Cloths for Liquids....Pages 333-355
Dewatering by Compression....Pages 356-391
Back Matter....Pages 393-399
....