Ebook: Automobile Catalytic Converters
Author: Kathleen C. Taylor (auth.)
- Tags: Safety in Chemistry Dangerous Goods, Automotive Engineering, Waste Management/Waste Technology, Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution, Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollu
- Year: 1984
- Publisher: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
- Edition: 1
- Language: English
- pdf
The use of catalytic converters for the purification of automotive exhaust gases is a relatively new technology which was brought into existence by social pressures for the preservation of acceptable environmental conditions. The majority of catalytic practitioners have been able to watch the growth of this technology from its inception to its current state of sophistication. Automotive catalytic converter technology is now in a mature state, and this chapter from Vol. 5 Catalysis: Science and Technology by Dr. K. C. Taylor provides a review which covers both the process chemistry and the most important converter design factors. Contents 1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. Emission Regulations in the United States. 3. Exhaust Emission Characteristics. . 3 4. 1981 Emission Control Technology. 5 A. Converters. . . 5 B. Control System. 7 8 ~. Catalyst Screening . 6. Laboratory Testing. .10 7. The Chemical Reactions 13 8. Composition of Three-Way Catalysts. 16 A. Rhodium 17 21 B. Platinum. C. Palladium 22 D. Iridium . 22 23 E. Ruthenium and Nickel. F. Cerium Oxide ..... 23 G. Search for Alternatives to Nohle Metals 24 9. Catalyst Supports . 25 A. Pellets .... 26 B. Monoliths . . 26 10. The Transient Behavior of Three-Way Catalysts 27 II. Deterioration of Three-Way Catalysts. 35 A. Thermal Effects. . . . 35 B. Phosphorus Poisoning. . . 37 C. Lead Poisoning. . . . . . · 38 D. Catalyst Poisoning by Sulfur · 40 12. The 0.4 NO,; Research Objective. · 41 13. Control of Diesel Particulate Emissions.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-vii
Introduction....Pages 1-1
Emission Regulations in the United States....Pages 1-3
Exhaust Emission Characteristics....Pages 3-5
1981 Emission Control Technology....Pages 5-8
Catalyst Screening....Pages 8-10
Laboratory Testing....Pages 10-13
The Chemical Reactions....Pages 13-16
Composition of Three-Way Catalysts....Pages 16-25
Catalyst Supports....Pages 25-27
The Transient Behavior of Three-Way Catalysts....Pages 27-35
Deterioration of Three-Way Catalysts....Pages 35-41
The 0.4 NO x Research Objective....Pages 41-42
Control of Diesel Particulate Emissions....Pages 42-43
Exhaust Gas Purification for Europe....Pages 43-45
Concluding Remarks....Pages 45-46
References....Pages 46-51
Back Matter....Pages 53-56
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-vii
Introduction....Pages 1-1
Emission Regulations in the United States....Pages 1-3
Exhaust Emission Characteristics....Pages 3-5
1981 Emission Control Technology....Pages 5-8
Catalyst Screening....Pages 8-10
Laboratory Testing....Pages 10-13
The Chemical Reactions....Pages 13-16
Composition of Three-Way Catalysts....Pages 16-25
Catalyst Supports....Pages 25-27
The Transient Behavior of Three-Way Catalysts....Pages 27-35
Deterioration of Three-Way Catalysts....Pages 35-41
The 0.4 NO x Research Objective....Pages 41-42
Control of Diesel Particulate Emissions....Pages 42-43
Exhaust Gas Purification for Europe....Pages 43-45
Concluding Remarks....Pages 45-46
References....Pages 46-51
Back Matter....Pages 53-56
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