Ebook: Modelling of Environmental Chemical Exposure and Risk

Mathematical models are being increasingly used to estimate the concentrations of a wide range of substances in the environment for a variety of reasons, including government control and legislation, and risk and hazard estimation. Exposure assessment has to be performed for many types of substances, including pesticides, industrial chemicals, pollutants, accidental discharges, etc. The interpretation of the results of model equations should always bear in mind the purpose for which the model used was built in the first place. Further, models are always an abstraction of reality, requiring simplifying assumptions to keep the models within the restraints posed by computer performance and/or scientific knowledge.
The present book treats the theme of modelling chemical exposure and risk in terms of four main topics: model characteristics, applications, comparison of estimated with measured concentrations, and modelling credibility.

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xiii
Pesticide Fate Models and Their Use Focus Activities....Pages 1-15
Models Used in the USA for the Evaluation of Pesticide Exposure, Hazard and Risk Assessment....Pages 17-30
Quality Assurance in Environmental Modelling....Pages 31-37
Possible Approaches for Pesticides Environmental Impact Management....Pages 39-46
Pesticide Leaching Modelling Validation....Pages 47-59
Evaporation of Pure Liquids from Open Surfaces....Pages 61-71
Application of Uses for Estimation of PEC for Pesticides and Hazard Assessment for Aquatic Environment....Pages 73-78
Modelling of Operator Exposure....Pages 79-89
Use of Alarm Model in Accidental Pollution of Danube River....Pages 91-96
Results of the Use of Two Environmental Models for Pesticides Ranking by Hazard....Pages 97-103
Recent Developments in Environmental Modelling at Trent University, Canada....Pages 105-116
Macro: A Preferential Flow Model to Simulate Pesticide Leaching and Movement to Drains....Pages 117-132
A Scientific and Technological Framework for Evaluating Comparative Risk in Ecological Risk Assessments....Pages 133-150
Comparing Two Alternative Pollutant Dispersion Models and Actual Data within an Environmental Health Information Processing System (Ehips)....Pages 151-164
RBCA Toolkit: Comprehensive Risk-Based Modelling System for Soil and Groundwater Clean-Up....Pages 165-181
Danish EPA Use of Models for Assessment of Pesticides Mobility....Pages 183-192
An Optimization Model for the Control of Regional Air Quality in Europe....Pages 193-203
Spatial Refinement of Regional Exposure Assessment....Pages 205-222
The Future of the Environmental Modeling in Risk Assessment in Slovenia....Pages 223-225
Environmental Exposure of Plant Protection Products....Pages 227-230
Environmental Cleanup Program in Hungary....Pages 231-240
Modelling Experiences in the Slovak Republic....Pages 241-242
Dojransko Ezero (Dojran Lake) Program 1999–2001....Pages 243-244
Some Methodological Aspects of Soil Data Receiving and Use for the Environmental Prognosis....Pages 245-249
Risk Assessment and Risk Management of Industrial Chemicals in Poland....Pages 251-253
Modelling of Environmental Chemical Pollution and Perspectives of Exposure and Risk Assessment in Ukraine....Pages 255-260
Overview on Environmental Situation in Albania and Some Issues in the Field of “Modelling”....Pages 261-270
Back Matter....Pages 271-275

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Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xiii
Pesticide Fate Models and Their Use Focus Activities....Pages 1-15
Models Used in the USA for the Evaluation of Pesticide Exposure, Hazard and Risk Assessment....Pages 17-30
Quality Assurance in Environmental Modelling....Pages 31-37
Possible Approaches for Pesticides Environmental Impact Management....Pages 39-46
Pesticide Leaching Modelling Validation....Pages 47-59
Evaporation of Pure Liquids from Open Surfaces....Pages 61-71
Application of Uses for Estimation of PEC for Pesticides and Hazard Assessment for Aquatic Environment....Pages 73-78
Modelling of Operator Exposure....Pages 79-89
Use of Alarm Model in Accidental Pollution of Danube River....Pages 91-96
Results of the Use of Two Environmental Models for Pesticides Ranking by Hazard....Pages 97-103
Recent Developments in Environmental Modelling at Trent University, Canada....Pages 105-116
Macro: A Preferential Flow Model to Simulate Pesticide Leaching and Movement to Drains....Pages 117-132
A Scientific and Technological Framework for Evaluating Comparative Risk in Ecological Risk Assessments....Pages 133-150
Comparing Two Alternative Pollutant Dispersion Models and Actual Data within an Environmental Health Information Processing System (Ehips)....Pages 151-164
RBCA Toolkit: Comprehensive Risk-Based Modelling System for Soil and Groundwater Clean-Up....Pages 165-181
Danish EPA Use of Models for Assessment of Pesticides Mobility....Pages 183-192
An Optimization Model for the Control of Regional Air Quality in Europe....Pages 193-203
Spatial Refinement of Regional Exposure Assessment....Pages 205-222
The Future of the Environmental Modeling in Risk Assessment in Slovenia....Pages 223-225
Environmental Exposure of Plant Protection Products....Pages 227-230
Environmental Cleanup Program in Hungary....Pages 231-240
Modelling Experiences in the Slovak Republic....Pages 241-242
Dojransko Ezero (Dojran Lake) Program 1999–2001....Pages 243-244
Some Methodological Aspects of Soil Data Receiving and Use for the Environmental Prognosis....Pages 245-249
Risk Assessment and Risk Management of Industrial Chemicals in Poland....Pages 251-253
Modelling of Environmental Chemical Pollution and Perspectives of Exposure and Risk Assessment in Ukraine....Pages 255-260
Overview on Environmental Situation in Albania and Some Issues in the Field of “Modelling”....Pages 261-270
Back Matter....Pages 271-275
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