Ebook: Nuclear Physics with Polarized Particles

The measurement of spin-polarization observables in reactions of nuclei and particles is of great utility and advantage when the effects of single-spin sub-states are to be investigated. Indeed, the unpolarized differential cross-section encompasses the averaging over the spin states of the particles, and thus loses details of the interaction process. This introductory text combines, in a single volume, course-based lecture notes on spin physics and on polarized-ion sources with the aim of providing a concise yet self-contained starting point for newcomers to the field, as well as for lecturers in search of suitable material for their courses and seminars.

A significant part of the book is devoted to introducing the formal theory—a description of polarization and of nuclear reactions with polarized particles. The remainder of the text describes the physical basis of methods and devices necessary to perform experiments with polarized particles and to measure polarization and polarization effects in nuclear reactions. The book concludes with a brief review of modern applications in medicine and fusion energy research. For reasons of conciseness and of the pedagogical aims of this volume, examples are mainly taken from low-energy installations such as tandem Van de Graaff laboratories, although the emphasis of present research is shifting to medium- and high-energy nuclear physics. Consequently, this volume is restricted to describing non-relativistic processes and focuses on the energy range from astrophysical energies (a few keV) to tens of MeV. It is further restricted to polarimetry of hadronic particles.

The measurement of spin-polarization observables in reactions of nuclei and particles is of great utility and advantage when the effects of single-spin sub-states are to be investigated. Indeed, the unpolarized differential cross-section encompasses the averaging over the spin states of the particles, and thus loses details of the interaction process. This introductory text combines, in a single volume, course-based lecture notes on spin physics and on polarized-ion sources with the aim of providing a concise yet self-contained starting point for newcomers to the field, as well as for lecturers in search of suitable material for their courses and seminars.

A significant part of the book is devoted to introducing the formal theory—a description of polarization and of nuclear reactions with polarized particles. The remainder of the text describes the physical basis of methods and devices necessary to perform experiments with polarized particles and to measure polarization and polarization effects in nuclear reactions. The book concludes with a brief review of modern applications in medicine and fusion energy research. For reasons of conciseness and of the pedagogical aims of this volume, examples are mainly taken from low-energy installations such as tandem Van de Graaff laboratories, although the emphasis of present research is shifting to medium- and high-energy nuclear physics. Consequently, this volume is restricted to describing non-relativistic processes and focuses on the energy range from astrophysical energies (a few keV) to tens of MeV. It is further restricted to polarimetry of hadronic particles.

The measurement of spin-polarization observables in reactions of nuclei and particles is of great utility and advantage when the effects of single-spin sub-states are to be investigated. Indeed, the unpolarized differential cross-section encompasses the averaging over the spin states of the particles, and thus loses details of the interaction process. This introductory text combines, in a single volume, course-based lecture notes on spin physics and on polarized-ion sources with the aim of providing a concise yet self-contained starting point for newcomers to the field, as well as for lecturers in search of suitable material for their courses and seminars.

A significant part of the book is devoted to introducing the formal theory—a description of polarization and of nuclear reactions with polarized particles. The remainder of the text describes the physical basis of methods and devices necessary to perform experiments with polarized particles and to measure polarization and polarization effects in nuclear reactions. The book concludes with a brief review of modern applications in medicine and fusion energy research. For reasons of conciseness and of the pedagogical aims of this volume, examples are mainly taken from low-energy installations such as tandem Van de Graaff laboratories, although the emphasis of present research is shifting to medium- and high-energy nuclear physics. Consequently, this volume is restricted to describing non-relativistic processes and focuses on the energy range from astrophysical energies (a few keV) to tens of MeV. It is further restricted to polarimetry of hadronic particles.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xv
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Introduction....Pages 3-8
Spin States and Spin Polarization....Pages 9-12
Density Operator, Density Matrix....Pages 13-38
Rotations, Angular Dependence of the Tensor Moments....Pages 39-44
Front Matter....Pages 45-45
Description of Nuclear Reactions of Particles with Spin....Pages 47-64
Partial Wave Expansion....Pages 65-70
Charged-Particle Versus Neutron-Induced Reactions....Pages 71-72
Front Matter....Pages 73-73
Sources and Targets of Polarized H and D Ions....Pages 75-130
Polarization by Optical Pumping....Pages 131-135
Front Matter....Pages 137-137
Production of Polarization by Other Methods....Pages 139-142
Measurement of Polarization Observables....Pages 143-144
Polarimetry....Pages 145-158
Front Matter....Pages 159-159
Medical Applications....Pages 161-163
“Polarized” Fusion....Pages 165-173
Outlook....Pages 175-177
Back Matter....Pages 179-182

The measurement of spin-polarization observables in reactions of nuclei and particles is of great utility and advantage when the effects of single-spin sub-states are to be investigated. Indeed, the unpolarized differential cross-section encompasses the averaging over the spin states of the particles, and thus loses details of the interaction process. This introductory text combines, in a single volume, course-based lecture notes on spin physics and on polarized-ion sources with the aim of providing a concise yet self-contained starting point for newcomers to the field, as well as for lecturers in search of suitable material for their courses and seminars.

A significant part of the book is devoted to introducing the formal theory—a description of polarization and of nuclear reactions with polarized particles. The remainder of the text describes the physical basis of methods and devices necessary to perform experiments with polarized particles and to measure polarization and polarization effects in nuclear reactions. The book concludes with a brief review of modern applications in medicine and fusion energy research. For reasons of conciseness and of the pedagogical aims of this volume, examples are mainly taken from low-energy installations such as tandem Van de Graaff laboratories, although the emphasis of present research is shifting to medium- and high-energy nuclear physics. Consequently, this volume is restricted to describing non-relativistic processes and focuses on the energy range from astrophysical energies (a few keV) to tens of MeV. It is further restricted to polarimetry of hadronic particles.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xv
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Introduction....Pages 3-8
Spin States and Spin Polarization....Pages 9-12
Density Operator, Density Matrix....Pages 13-38
Rotations, Angular Dependence of the Tensor Moments....Pages 39-44
Front Matter....Pages 45-45
Description of Nuclear Reactions of Particles with Spin....Pages 47-64
Partial Wave Expansion....Pages 65-70
Charged-Particle Versus Neutron-Induced Reactions....Pages 71-72
Front Matter....Pages 73-73
Sources and Targets of Polarized H and D Ions....Pages 75-130
Polarization by Optical Pumping....Pages 131-135
Front Matter....Pages 137-137
Production of Polarization by Other Methods....Pages 139-142
Measurement of Polarization Observables....Pages 143-144
Polarimetry....Pages 145-158
Front Matter....Pages 159-159
Medical Applications....Pages 161-163
“Polarized” Fusion....Pages 165-173
Outlook....Pages 175-177
Back Matter....Pages 179-182
....