Ebook: Mechanics of Turbulence of Multicomponent Gases

Space exploration and advanced astronomy have dramatically expanded our knowledge of outer space and made it possible to study the indepth mechanisms underlying various natural phenomena caused by complex interaction of physical-chemical and dynamical processes in the universe. Huge breakthroughs in astrophysics and the planetary s- ences have led to increasingly complicated models of such media as giant molecular clouds giving birth to stars, protoplanetary accretion disks associated with the solar system’s formation, planetary atmospheres and circumplanetary space. The creation of these models was promoted by the development of basic approaches in modern - chanics and physics paralleled by the great advancement in the computer sciences. As a result, numerous multidimensional non-stationary problems involving the analysis of evolutionary processes can be investigated using wide-range numerical experiments. Turbulence belongs to the most widespread and, at the same time, the most complicated natural phenomena, related to the origin and development of organized structures (- dies of different scale) at a definite flow regime of fluids in essentially non-linear - drodynamic systems. This is also one of the most complex and intriguing sections of the mechanics of fluids. The direct numerical modeling of turbulent flows encounters large mathematical difficulties, while the development of a general turbulence theory is hardly possible because of the complexity of interacting coherent structures. Three-dimensional non-steady motions arise in such a system under loss of la- nar flow stability defined by the critical value of the Reynolds number.

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This book develops a new mathematical approach for modelling multicomponent gas turbulence that adequately describes the combined processes of dynamics and heat and mass transfer when chemical kinetics and turbulent mixing are equally important. The developed models include the evolutionary transfer equations for the single-point second correlation moments of turbulent fluctuations of thermohydrodynamical parameters. The phenomenological approach to the closure problem in hydrodynamic equations of mean motion at the level of the first order moments is based on the thermodynamics of irreversible processes and enables defining relationships in a more general form as compared to those conventionally deduced using the mixing path concept. Based on the developed approach, turbulent exchange factors for a planetary upper atmosphere are evaluated, and a turbulent model of a protoplanetary accretion gas-dust disk involving heat and mass transfer and coagulation is also considered.

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This book develops a new mathematical approach for modelling multicomponent gas turbulence that adequately describes the combined processes of dynamics and heat and mass transfer when chemical kinetics and turbulent mixing are equally important. The developed models include the evolutionary transfer equations for the single-point second correlation moments of turbulent fluctuations of thermohydrodynamical parameters. The phenomenological approach to the closure problem in hydrodynamic equations of mean motion at the level of the first order moments is based on the thermodynamics of irreversible processes and enables defining relationships in a more general form as compared to those conventionally deduced using the mixing path concept. Based on the developed approach, turbulent exchange factors for a planetary upper atmosphere are evaluated, and a turbulent model of a protoplanetary accretion gas-dust disk involving heat and mass transfer and coagulation is also considered.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-4
Turbulence in Natural Media....Pages 6-64
Regular Motion of Gaseous Mixtures Involving Physicochemical Interactions of the Components....Pages 65-111
Turbulent Motion of Multicomponent Mixtures with Variable Thermophysical Properties....Pages 112-165
Evolutionary Transfer Models for the Second Correlation Moments....Pages 166-205
The Stefan-Maxwell Relations and the Heat Flux for Turbulent Multicomponent Continuum Media....Pages 206-229
Diffusion Processes in the Thermosphere....Pages 231-254
Turbulent Transfer Coefficients in Planetary Upper Atmospheres: A Semi-Empirical Determination....Pages 255-269
Statistical Parameters of Turbulence: Modeling from Fluctuations of the Refractive Index....Pages 270-307
The Processes of Heat and Mass Transfer and Coagulation in Protoplanetary Gas-Dust Nebula....Pages 308-350
Back Matter....Pages 351-381

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This book develops a new mathematical approach for modelling multicomponent gas turbulence that adequately describes the combined processes of dynamics and heat and mass transfer when chemical kinetics and turbulent mixing are equally important. The developed models include the evolutionary transfer equations for the single-point second correlation moments of turbulent fluctuations of thermohydrodynamical parameters. The phenomenological approach to the closure problem in hydrodynamic equations of mean motion at the level of the first order moments is based on the thermodynamics of irreversible processes and enables defining relationships in a more general form as compared to those conventionally deduced using the mixing path concept. Based on the developed approach, turbulent exchange factors for a planetary upper atmosphere are evaluated, and a turbulent model of a protoplanetary accretion gas-dust disk involving heat and mass transfer and coagulation is also considered.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-4
Turbulence in Natural Media....Pages 6-64
Regular Motion of Gaseous Mixtures Involving Physicochemical Interactions of the Components....Pages 65-111
Turbulent Motion of Multicomponent Mixtures with Variable Thermophysical Properties....Pages 112-165
Evolutionary Transfer Models for the Second Correlation Moments....Pages 166-205
The Stefan-Maxwell Relations and the Heat Flux for Turbulent Multicomponent Continuum Media....Pages 206-229
Diffusion Processes in the Thermosphere....Pages 231-254
Turbulent Transfer Coefficients in Planetary Upper Atmospheres: A Semi-Empirical Determination....Pages 255-269
Statistical Parameters of Turbulence: Modeling from Fluctuations of the Refractive Index....Pages 270-307
The Processes of Heat and Mass Transfer and Coagulation in Protoplanetary Gas-Dust Nebula....Pages 308-350
Back Matter....Pages 351-381
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