Ebook: Occultations for Probing Atmosphere and Climate
- Tags: Cosmology, Geophysics/Geodesy, Atmospheric Sciences, Extraterrestrial Physics Space Sciences, Astronomy Observations and Techniques, Measurement Science and Instrumentation
- Year: 2004
- Publisher: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
- Edition: 1
- Language: English
- pdf
Use of occultation methodology for observing the Earth's atmosphere and climate has become so broad as to comprise solar, lunar, stellar, navigation and satellite crosslink occultation methods. The atmospheric parameters obtained extend from the fundamental variables temperature, density, pressure, water vapor, and ozone via a multitude of trace gas species to particulate species such as aerosols and cloud liquid water. Ionospheric electron density is sensed as well. The methods all share the key properties of self-calibration, high accuracy and vertical resolution, global coverage, and (if using radio signals) all-weather capability. Occultation data are thus of high value in a wide range of fields including climate monitoring and research, atmospheric physics and chemistry, operational meteorology, and other fields such as space weather and planetary science. This wide area of variants and uses of the occultation method has led to a diversi fication of the occultation-related scientific community into a range of different sub-communities, however. The 1st International Workshop on Occultations for Probing Atmosphere and Cli mate-OPAC-1- held September 16-20, 2002, in Graz, Austria, has set in ex actly at this point. OPAC-1 aimed at providing a casual forum and stimulating at mosphere fertilizing scientific discourse, co-operation initiatives, and mutual learning and support amongst members of all the different sub-communities. The workshop was attended by about 80 participants from 17 different countries who actively contributed to a scientific programme of high quality and to an excellent workshop atmosphere, which was judged by the participants to have fully met the aims expressed.
This book presents carefully edited and peer-reviewed papers from the 1st International Workshop on Occultations for Probing Atmosphere and Climate (OPAC-1). It starts with a general introductory paper and proceeds to address the full range of topics, from methodology in general via specific occultation methods (GNSS-LEO, LEO-LEO, stellar and solar) to the use of occultation data. It is the first book to provide a "one-stop" insight into occultation science in such a comprehensive manner. Members of the occultation community and the science community alike, now have a key reference work, as this unique volume addresses all those interested in the present status as well as future developments in the field of occultations for probing atmosphere and climate.
This book presents carefully edited and peer-reviewed papers from the 1st International Workshop on Occultations for Probing Atmosphere and Climate (OPAC-1). It starts with a general introductory paper and proceeds to address the full range of topics, from methodology in general via specific occultation methods (GNSS-LEO, LEO-LEO, stellar and solar) to the use of occultation data. It is the first book to provide a "one-stop" insight into occultation science in such a comprehensive manner. Members of the occultation community and the science community alike, now have a key reference work, as this unique volume addresses all those interested in the present status as well as future developments in the field of occultations for probing atmosphere and climate.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-x
Occultations for Probing Atmosphere and Climate: Setting the Scene....Pages 1-8
Front Matter....Pages 9-9
Wave Optics Algorithms for Processing Radio Occultation Data in the Lower Troposphere: A Review and Synthesis....Pages 11-24
The Radio-holographic Approach for GNSS Occultation Data Analysis: Review and Application to Resolving Fine Structures in the Atmosphere....Pages 25-38
Open Loop Tracking and Inverting GPS Radio Occultation Signals: Simulation Study....Pages 39-51
Fourier Analysis of GNSS-LEO Radio Occultation Signals, Resolution and Limitations....Pages 53-60
Canonical Transform Methods for Radio Occultation Data....Pages 61-68
Unfolding of Radio Occultation Multipath Behavior Using Phase Models....Pages 69-76
Abel Integral Inversion in Occultation Measurements....Pages 77-85
Does a Priori Information Improve the Retrievals of Stellar Occultation Measurements?....Pages 87-98
Retrieval of Atmospheric Refractivity Profiles from Ground-Based GPS Measurements....Pages 99-107
Front Matter....Pages 109-109
GRAS-SAF Radio Occultation Data from EPS/Metop....Pages 111-118
Deviation from a Hydrostatic Atmosphere in Radio Occultation Data....Pages 119-126
Sensitivity of GNSS Occultation Profiles to Horizontal Variability in the Troposphere: A Simulation Study....Pages 127-136
Advancement of GNSS Radio Occultation Retrieval in the Upper Stratosphere....Pages 137-148
Ensemble-Based Analysis of Errors in Atmospheric Profiles Retrieved from GNSS Occultation Data....Pages 149-160
Refractivity Profiles Obtained by Abel Inversion from a Down Looking GPS Radio Occultation Experiment at Mt. Fuji: Preliminary Results and Future Plan....Pages 161-169
Front Matter....Pages 171-171
An Active Microwave Limb Sounder for Profiling Water Vapor, Ozone, Temperature, Geopotential, Clouds, Isotopes and Stratospheric Winds....Pages 173-187
An Overview of the University of Arizona ATOMS Project....Pages 189-200
The ACE+ Mission: An Atmosphere and Climate Explorer based on GPS, GALILEO, and LEO-LEO Radio Occultation....Pages 201-220
Simulating the Influence of Horizontal Gradients on Retrieved Profiles from ATOMS Occultation Measurements — a Promising Approach for Data Assimilation....Pages 221-232
Front Matter....Pages 171-171
Water Vapor Profiling Using Absorptive Occultation Measurements: A Comparison between SAGE III and ATOMS....Pages 233-243
The Genesis of the ACE+ Anti-Rotating Satellites Concept....Pages 245-258
Front Matter....Pages 259-259
The Stellar Occultation Technique: Past Achievements, Recent Developments, and Future Challenges....Pages 261-273
Envisat/GOMOS Stellar Occultation: Inversion Schemes and First Analyses of Real Data....Pages 275-287
Atmospheric Density, Pressure and Temperature Profile Reconstruction from Refractive Angle Measurements in Stellar Occultation....Pages 289-298
Stratospheric Temperature and Ozone Sounding with ENVISAT/GOMOS Stellar Occultation....Pages 299-308
Information Approach to Channel Selection for Stellar Occultation Measurements....Pages 309-318
The Solar Occultation Mission ACE: An Overview....Pages 319-331
Mesospheric Temperature and Ozone Sounding by the SMAS Solar Occultation Sensor....Pages 333-342
Front Matter....Pages 343-343
Utility of Occultations for Atmospheric Wave Activity Studies: Results of GPS/MET Data Analysis and Future Plan....Pages 345-352
Stratospheric Gravity Wave Fluctuations and Sporadic E at Mid-latitudes with Focus on Possible Effects of the Andes....Pages 353-364
The Detection of Upper Level Turbulence via GPS Occultation Methods....Pages 365-373
Evaluation of Refractivity Profiles from CHAMP and SAC-C GPS Radio Occultation....Pages 375-382
Ionospheric Radio Occultation Measurements and Space Weather....Pages 383-392
The Mars Atmospheric Constellation Observatory (MACO) Concept....Pages 393-405
Back Matter....Pages 407-408
This book presents carefully edited and peer-reviewed papers from the 1st International Workshop on Occultations for Probing Atmosphere and Climate (OPAC-1). It starts with a general introductory paper and proceeds to address the full range of topics, from methodology in general via specific occultation methods (GNSS-LEO, LEO-LEO, stellar and solar) to the use of occultation data. It is the first book to provide a "one-stop" insight into occultation science in such a comprehensive manner. Members of the occultation community and the science community alike, now have a key reference work, as this unique volume addresses all those interested in the present status as well as future developments in the field of occultations for probing atmosphere and climate.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-x
Occultations for Probing Atmosphere and Climate: Setting the Scene....Pages 1-8
Front Matter....Pages 9-9
Wave Optics Algorithms for Processing Radio Occultation Data in the Lower Troposphere: A Review and Synthesis....Pages 11-24
The Radio-holographic Approach for GNSS Occultation Data Analysis: Review and Application to Resolving Fine Structures in the Atmosphere....Pages 25-38
Open Loop Tracking and Inverting GPS Radio Occultation Signals: Simulation Study....Pages 39-51
Fourier Analysis of GNSS-LEO Radio Occultation Signals, Resolution and Limitations....Pages 53-60
Canonical Transform Methods for Radio Occultation Data....Pages 61-68
Unfolding of Radio Occultation Multipath Behavior Using Phase Models....Pages 69-76
Abel Integral Inversion in Occultation Measurements....Pages 77-85
Does a Priori Information Improve the Retrievals of Stellar Occultation Measurements?....Pages 87-98
Retrieval of Atmospheric Refractivity Profiles from Ground-Based GPS Measurements....Pages 99-107
Front Matter....Pages 109-109
GRAS-SAF Radio Occultation Data from EPS/Metop....Pages 111-118
Deviation from a Hydrostatic Atmosphere in Radio Occultation Data....Pages 119-126
Sensitivity of GNSS Occultation Profiles to Horizontal Variability in the Troposphere: A Simulation Study....Pages 127-136
Advancement of GNSS Radio Occultation Retrieval in the Upper Stratosphere....Pages 137-148
Ensemble-Based Analysis of Errors in Atmospheric Profiles Retrieved from GNSS Occultation Data....Pages 149-160
Refractivity Profiles Obtained by Abel Inversion from a Down Looking GPS Radio Occultation Experiment at Mt. Fuji: Preliminary Results and Future Plan....Pages 161-169
Front Matter....Pages 171-171
An Active Microwave Limb Sounder for Profiling Water Vapor, Ozone, Temperature, Geopotential, Clouds, Isotopes and Stratospheric Winds....Pages 173-187
An Overview of the University of Arizona ATOMS Project....Pages 189-200
The ACE+ Mission: An Atmosphere and Climate Explorer based on GPS, GALILEO, and LEO-LEO Radio Occultation....Pages 201-220
Simulating the Influence of Horizontal Gradients on Retrieved Profiles from ATOMS Occultation Measurements — a Promising Approach for Data Assimilation....Pages 221-232
Front Matter....Pages 171-171
Water Vapor Profiling Using Absorptive Occultation Measurements: A Comparison between SAGE III and ATOMS....Pages 233-243
The Genesis of the ACE+ Anti-Rotating Satellites Concept....Pages 245-258
Front Matter....Pages 259-259
The Stellar Occultation Technique: Past Achievements, Recent Developments, and Future Challenges....Pages 261-273
Envisat/GOMOS Stellar Occultation: Inversion Schemes and First Analyses of Real Data....Pages 275-287
Atmospheric Density, Pressure and Temperature Profile Reconstruction from Refractive Angle Measurements in Stellar Occultation....Pages 289-298
Stratospheric Temperature and Ozone Sounding with ENVISAT/GOMOS Stellar Occultation....Pages 299-308
Information Approach to Channel Selection for Stellar Occultation Measurements....Pages 309-318
The Solar Occultation Mission ACE: An Overview....Pages 319-331
Mesospheric Temperature and Ozone Sounding by the SMAS Solar Occultation Sensor....Pages 333-342
Front Matter....Pages 343-343
Utility of Occultations for Atmospheric Wave Activity Studies: Results of GPS/MET Data Analysis and Future Plan....Pages 345-352
Stratospheric Gravity Wave Fluctuations and Sporadic E at Mid-latitudes with Focus on Possible Effects of the Andes....Pages 353-364
The Detection of Upper Level Turbulence via GPS Occultation Methods....Pages 365-373
Evaluation of Refractivity Profiles from CHAMP and SAC-C GPS Radio Occultation....Pages 375-382
Ionospheric Radio Occultation Measurements and Space Weather....Pages 383-392
The Mars Atmospheric Constellation Observatory (MACO) Concept....Pages 393-405
Back Matter....Pages 407-408
....