Ebook: The Physics of Traffic: Empirical Freeway Pattern Features, Engineering Applications, and Theory
Author: Boris S. Kerner (auth.)
- Tags: Statistical Physics Dynamical Systems and Complexity, Thermodynamics, Theoretical Mathematical and Computational Physics, Applications of Mathematics, Vibration Dynamical Systems Control
- Series: Understanding Complex Systems
- Year: 2004
- Publisher: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
- Edition: 1
- Language: English
- pdf
This book is devoted to the explanation of freeway traffic congestion, a fact of life for many car drivers. Results of empirical observations of freeway congestion, which exhibit diverse complex spatiotemporal patterns including moving traffic jams, are analyzed. Empirical features of these reproducible freeway traffic patterns only recently sufficiently well understood are reviewed. In the first part, three-phase traffic theory can be found, which is the basis for a physical theory of traffic phenomena and its applications in engineering. In the second part, the empirical spatiotemporal patterns are examined and, finally in parts III and IV, the mathematical model and the engineering applications are addressed. The Physics of Traffic addresses researchers and practitioners alike.
This book is devoted to the explanation of freeway traffic congestion, a fact of life for many car drivers. Results of empirical observations of freeway congestion, which exhibit diverse complex spatiotemporal patterns including moving traffic jams, are analyzed. Empirical features of these reproducible freeway traffic patterns only recently sufficiently well understood are reviewed. In the first part, three-phase traffic theory can be found, which is the basis for a physical theory of traffic phenomena and its applications in engineering. In the second part, the empirical spatiotemporal patterns are examined and, finally in parts III and IV, the mathematical model and the engineering applications are addressed. The Physics of Traffic addresses researchers and practitioners alike.
This book is devoted to the explanation of freeway traffic congestion, a fact of life for many car drivers. Results of empirical observations of freeway congestion, which exhibit diverse complex spatiotemporal patterns including moving traffic jams, are analyzed. Empirical features of these reproducible freeway traffic patterns only recently sufficiently well understood are reviewed. In the first part, three-phase traffic theory can be found, which is the basis for a physical theory of traffic phenomena and its applications in engineering. In the second part, the empirical spatiotemporal patterns are examined and, finally in parts III and IV, the mathematical model and the engineering applications are addressed. The Physics of Traffic addresses researchers and practitioners alike.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XXIII
Introduction....Pages 1-10
Front Matter....Pages 11-11
Spatiotemporal Pattern Formation in Freeway Traffic....Pages 13-61
Overview of Freeway Traffic Theories and Models: Fundamental Diagram Approach....Pages 63-86
Basis of Three-Phase Traffic Theory....Pages 87-103
Breakdown Phenomenon (F?S Transition) in Three-Phase Traffic Theory....Pages 105-143
Moving Jam Emergence in Three-Phase Traffic Theory....Pages 145-178
Congested Patterns at Freeway Bottlenecks in Three-Phase Traffic Theory....Pages 179-215
Freeway Capacity in Three-Phase Traffic Theory....Pages 217-238
Front Matter....Pages 239-239
Empirical Congested Patterns at Isolated Bottlenecks....Pages 241-268
Empirical Breakdown Phenomenon: Phase Transition from Free Flow to Synchronized Flow....Pages 269-304
Empirical Features of Wide Moving Jam Propagation....Pages 305-319
Empirical Features of Moving Jam Emergence....Pages 321-348
Empirical Pattern Evolution and Transformation at Isolated Bottlenecks....Pages 349-363
Empirical Complex Pattern Formation Caused by Peculiarities of Freeway Infrastructure....Pages 365-372
Dependence of Empirical Fundamental Diagram on Congested Pattern Features....Pages 373-395
Front Matter....Pages 397-397
Microscopic Traffic Flow Models for Spatiotemporal Congested Patterns....Pages 399-431
Microscopic Theory of Phase Transitions in Freeway Traffic....Pages 433-448
Congested Patterns at Isolated Bottlenecks....Pages 449-493
Complex Congested Pattern Interaction and Transformation....Pages 495-508
Spatiotemporal Patterns in Heterogeneous Traffic Flow....Pages 509-543
Front Matter....Pages 545-545
ASDA and FOTO Models of Spatiotemporal Pattern Dynamics based on Local Traffic Flow Measurements....Pages 547-561
Spatiotemporal Pattern Recognition, Tracking, and Prediction....Pages 563-590
Control of Spatiotemporal Congested Patterns....Pages 591-630
Conclusion....Pages 631-632
Back Matter....Pages 633-682
This book is devoted to the explanation of freeway traffic congestion, a fact of life for many car drivers. Results of empirical observations of freeway congestion, which exhibit diverse complex spatiotemporal patterns including moving traffic jams, are analyzed. Empirical features of these reproducible freeway traffic patterns only recently sufficiently well understood are reviewed. In the first part, three-phase traffic theory can be found, which is the basis for a physical theory of traffic phenomena and its applications in engineering. In the second part, the empirical spatiotemporal patterns are examined and, finally in parts III and IV, the mathematical model and the engineering applications are addressed. The Physics of Traffic addresses researchers and practitioners alike.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages I-XXIII
Introduction....Pages 1-10
Front Matter....Pages 11-11
Spatiotemporal Pattern Formation in Freeway Traffic....Pages 13-61
Overview of Freeway Traffic Theories and Models: Fundamental Diagram Approach....Pages 63-86
Basis of Three-Phase Traffic Theory....Pages 87-103
Breakdown Phenomenon (F?S Transition) in Three-Phase Traffic Theory....Pages 105-143
Moving Jam Emergence in Three-Phase Traffic Theory....Pages 145-178
Congested Patterns at Freeway Bottlenecks in Three-Phase Traffic Theory....Pages 179-215
Freeway Capacity in Three-Phase Traffic Theory....Pages 217-238
Front Matter....Pages 239-239
Empirical Congested Patterns at Isolated Bottlenecks....Pages 241-268
Empirical Breakdown Phenomenon: Phase Transition from Free Flow to Synchronized Flow....Pages 269-304
Empirical Features of Wide Moving Jam Propagation....Pages 305-319
Empirical Features of Moving Jam Emergence....Pages 321-348
Empirical Pattern Evolution and Transformation at Isolated Bottlenecks....Pages 349-363
Empirical Complex Pattern Formation Caused by Peculiarities of Freeway Infrastructure....Pages 365-372
Dependence of Empirical Fundamental Diagram on Congested Pattern Features....Pages 373-395
Front Matter....Pages 397-397
Microscopic Traffic Flow Models for Spatiotemporal Congested Patterns....Pages 399-431
Microscopic Theory of Phase Transitions in Freeway Traffic....Pages 433-448
Congested Patterns at Isolated Bottlenecks....Pages 449-493
Complex Congested Pattern Interaction and Transformation....Pages 495-508
Spatiotemporal Patterns in Heterogeneous Traffic Flow....Pages 509-543
Front Matter....Pages 545-545
ASDA and FOTO Models of Spatiotemporal Pattern Dynamics based on Local Traffic Flow Measurements....Pages 547-561
Spatiotemporal Pattern Recognition, Tracking, and Prediction....Pages 563-590
Control of Spatiotemporal Congested Patterns....Pages 591-630
Conclusion....Pages 631-632
Back Matter....Pages 633-682
....