Ebook: Theory of High Temperature Superconductivity

Flux quantization experiments indicate that the carriers, Cooper pairs (pairons), in the supercurrent have charge magnitude 2e, and that they move independently. Josephson interference in a Superconducting Quantum Int- ference Device (SQUID) shows that the centers of masses (CM) of pairons move as bosons with a linear dispersion relation. Based on this evidence we develop a theory of superconductivity in conventional and mate- als from a unified point of view. Following Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer (BCS) we regard the phonon exchange attraction as the cause of superc- ductivity. For cuprate superconductors, however, we take account of both optical- and acoustic-phonon exchange. BCS started with a Hamiltonian containing “electron” and “hole” kinetic energies and a pairing interaction with the phonon variables eliminated. These “electrons” and “holes” were introduced formally in terms of a free-electron model, which we consider unsatisfactory. We define “electrons” and “holes” in terms of the cur- tures of the Fermi surface. “Electrons” (1) and “holes” (2) are different and so they are assigned with different effective masses: Blatt, Schafroth and Butler proposed to explain superconductivity in terms of a Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) of electron pairs, each having mass M and a size. The system of free massive bosons, having a quadratic dispersion relation: and moving in three dimensions (3D) undergoes a BEC transition at where is the pair density.

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The book describes all basic experimental facts about high temperature superconductivity of materials, with a critical temperature of 30 Kelvin and higher, and explains them microscopically starting with a Hamiltonian followed by step-by-step statistical mechanical calculations. All important theoretical formulas are derived without omitting steps and all basic questions are answered in a manner which is easy to understand. The book is therefore suitable as a textbook for a second-year graduate physics course. Many fresh, and some challenging, ideas are presented and researches in the field are invited to examine the text.

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The book describes all basic experimental facts about high temperature superconductivity of materials, with a critical temperature of 30 Kelvin and higher, and explains them microscopically starting with a Hamiltonian followed by step-by-step statistical mechanical calculations. All important theoretical formulas are derived without omitting steps and all basic questions are answered in a manner which is easy to understand. The book is therefore suitable as a textbook for a second-year graduate physics course. Many fresh, and some challenging, ideas are presented and researches in the field are invited to examine the text.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xix
Introduction....Pages 1-18
Superconducting Transition....Pages 19-25
Bloch Electrons....Pages 27-44
Phonon-Exchange Attraction....Pages 45-58
Quantum Statistical Theory....Pages 59-63
Cooper Pairs (Pairons)....Pages 65-76
Superconductors at 0 K....Pages 77-93
Quantum Statistics of Composites....Pages 95-106
Bose-Einstein Condensation....Pages 107-121
The Energy Gap Equations....Pages 123-132
Pairon Energy Gaps. Heat Capacity....Pages 133-146
Quantum Tunneling....Pages 147-161
Flux Quantization....Pages 163-180
Ginzburg-Landau Theory....Pages 181-191
Josephson Effects....Pages 193-206
Compound Superconductors....Pages 207-216
Lattice Structures of Cuprates....Pages 217-225
Out-of-Plane Transport....Pages 227-239
Seebeck Coefficient (Thermopower)....Pages 241-248
Magnetic Susceptibility....Pages 249-258
Infrared Hall Effect....Pages 259-267
d-Wave Cooper Pairs....Pages 269-283
Connection with Other Theories....Pages 285-294
Summary and Remarks....Pages 295-305
Back Matter....Pages 307-310
....Pages 311-323