Ebook: Mechanical Properties and Testing of Polymers: An A–Z Reference

This volume represents a continuation of the Polymer Science and Technology series edited by Dr. D. M. Brewis and Professor D. Briggs. The theme of the series is the production of a number of stand alone volumes on various areas of polymer science and technology. Each volume contains short articles by a variety of expert contributors outlining a particular topic and these articles are extensively cross referenced. References to related topics included in the volume are indicated by bold text in the articles, the bold text being the title of the relevant article. At the end of each article there is a list of bibliographic references where interested readers can obtain further detailed information on the subject of the article. This volume was produced at the invitation of Derek Brewis who asked me to edit a text which concentrated on the mechanical properties of polymers. There are already many excellent books on the mechanical properties of polymers, and a somewhat lesser number of volumes dealing with methods of carrying out mechanical tests on polymers. Some of these books are listed in Appendix 1. In this volume I have attempted to cover basic mechanical properties and test methods as well as the theory of polymer mechanical deformation and hope that the reader will find the approach useful.

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This volume provides a fully cross-referenced and concisely presented overview of the most important aspects of the mechanical properties of polymers. Short articles provide an invaluable quick reference guide for the busy professional as well as an excellent resource for postgraduate and undergraduate students. Coverage includes both background theory and test methods as well as comprehensive summaries of the somewhat neglected but highly important areas of adiabatic shear, high rate behavior, anelastic deformation, friction and wear, computer modeling, and structure-property relationships. Written by experienced scientists, each short article introduces a particular aspect of polymer properties and is accompanied by a list of references where in-depth information may be found.
The work will appeal to both undergraduate and postgraduate students, experienced workers and those who require a rapid overview of polymer mechanical behavior.

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This volume provides a fully cross-referenced and concisely presented overview of the most important aspects of the mechanical properties of polymers. Short articles provide an invaluable quick reference guide for the busy professional as well as an excellent resource for postgraduate and undergraduate students. Coverage includes both background theory and test methods as well as comprehensive summaries of the somewhat neglected but highly important areas of adiabatic shear, high rate behavior, anelastic deformation, friction and wear, computer modeling, and structure-property relationships. Written by experienced scientists, each short article introduces a particular aspect of polymer properties and is accompanied by a list of references where in-depth information may be found.
The work will appeal to both undergraduate and postgraduate students, experienced workers and those who require a rapid overview of polymer mechanical behavior.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xiii
Accuracy and errors....Pages 1-4
Adhesion of Elastomers....Pages 5-9
Adiabatic Shear Instability: Observations and Experimental Techniques....Pages 10-14
Adiabatic Shear Instability: Theory....Pages 15-19
Alloys and Blends....Pages 20-22
Amorphous Polymers....Pages 23-24
Crazing....Pages 25-28
Creep....Pages 29-31
Crystalline Polymers....Pages 32-33
Crystallinity....Pages 34-39
Ductile-Brittle Transition....Pages 40-42
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis Techniques and Complex Modulus....Pages 43-48
Electron Microscopy applied to the Study of Polymer Deformation....Pages 49-51
Environmental Effects....Pages 52-56
Falling Weight Impact Tests....Pages 57-60
Falling Weight Impact Testing Equipment....Pages 61-65
Falling Weight Impact Testing Principles....Pages 66-70
Fast fracture in polymers....Pages 71-74
Fatigue....Pages 75-80
The Finite Element Method....Pages 81-87
Flow Properties of Molten Polymers....Pages 88-95
Fracture Mechanics....Pages 96-101
Friction....Pages 102-108
Glass Transition....Pages 109-112
Hardness and Normal Indentation of Polymers....Pages 113-122
The Hopkinson Bar....Pages 123-126
Impact strength....Pages 127-129
Impact and rapid crack propagation Measurement Techniques....Pages 130-133
Manipulation of Poisson’s Ratio....Pages 134-136
Measurement of Creep....Pages 137-139
Measurement of Poisson’s Ratio....Pages 140-142
Molecular Weight Distribution and Mechanical Properties....Pages 143-150
Molecular Weight Distribution — Characterisation by GPC....Pages 151-155
Monte Carlo Techniques....Pages 156-162
Monte Carlo Techniques applied to Polymer Deformation....Pages 163-170
Neutron Scattering....Pages 171-173
Non elastic deformation during a mechanical test....Pages 174-178
Plasticisers....Pages 179-182
Poisson’s Ratio....Pages 183-186
Polymer Models....Pages 187-190
Recovery of Glassy Polymers....Pages 191-194
Relaxations in Polymers....Pages 195-198
Sensors and Transducers....Pages 199-203
Slow crack growth and fracture....Pages 204-207
Slow Crack Growth and Fracture: Measurement Techniques....Pages 208-210
Standards for Polymer Testing....Pages 211-213
Strain Rate Effects....Pages 214-218
Stress and Strain....Pages 219-224
Structure-Property Relationships — Glassy Polymers....Pages 225-232
Structure-Property Relationships — Large Strain....Pages 233-237
Structure-Property Relationships — Rubbery Polymers....Pages 238-241
Tensile and Compressive Testing....Pages 242-247
Thermoplastics and Thermosets....Pages 248-248
Time-Temperature Equivalence....Pages 249-251
Torsion and Bend Tests....Pages 252-256
Toughening....Pages 257-259
Ultrasonic Techniques....Pages 260-264
Viscoelasticity....Pages 265-269
Wear....Pages 270-277
X-Ray Scattering Methods in the study of Polymer Deformation....Pages 278-280
Back Matter....Pages 286-301
Yield and Plastic Deformation....Pages 281-285

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This volume provides a fully cross-referenced and concisely presented overview of the most important aspects of the mechanical properties of polymers. Short articles provide an invaluable quick reference guide for the busy professional as well as an excellent resource for postgraduate and undergraduate students. Coverage includes both background theory and test methods as well as comprehensive summaries of the somewhat neglected but highly important areas of adiabatic shear, high rate behavior, anelastic deformation, friction and wear, computer modeling, and structure-property relationships. Written by experienced scientists, each short article introduces a particular aspect of polymer properties and is accompanied by a list of references where in-depth information may be found.
The work will appeal to both undergraduate and postgraduate students, experienced workers and those who require a rapid overview of polymer mechanical behavior.
Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xiii
Accuracy and errors....Pages 1-4
Adhesion of Elastomers....Pages 5-9
Adiabatic Shear Instability: Observations and Experimental Techniques....Pages 10-14
Adiabatic Shear Instability: Theory....Pages 15-19
Alloys and Blends....Pages 20-22
Amorphous Polymers....Pages 23-24
Crazing....Pages 25-28
Creep....Pages 29-31
Crystalline Polymers....Pages 32-33
Crystallinity....Pages 34-39
Ductile-Brittle Transition....Pages 40-42
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis Techniques and Complex Modulus....Pages 43-48
Electron Microscopy applied to the Study of Polymer Deformation....Pages 49-51
Environmental Effects....Pages 52-56
Falling Weight Impact Tests....Pages 57-60
Falling Weight Impact Testing Equipment....Pages 61-65
Falling Weight Impact Testing Principles....Pages 66-70
Fast fracture in polymers....Pages 71-74
Fatigue....Pages 75-80
The Finite Element Method....Pages 81-87
Flow Properties of Molten Polymers....Pages 88-95
Fracture Mechanics....Pages 96-101
Friction....Pages 102-108
Glass Transition....Pages 109-112
Hardness and Normal Indentation of Polymers....Pages 113-122
The Hopkinson Bar....Pages 123-126
Impact strength....Pages 127-129
Impact and rapid crack propagation Measurement Techniques....Pages 130-133
Manipulation of Poisson’s Ratio....Pages 134-136
Measurement of Creep....Pages 137-139
Measurement of Poisson’s Ratio....Pages 140-142
Molecular Weight Distribution and Mechanical Properties....Pages 143-150
Molecular Weight Distribution — Characterisation by GPC....Pages 151-155
Monte Carlo Techniques....Pages 156-162
Monte Carlo Techniques applied to Polymer Deformation....Pages 163-170
Neutron Scattering....Pages 171-173
Non elastic deformation during a mechanical test....Pages 174-178
Plasticisers....Pages 179-182
Poisson’s Ratio....Pages 183-186
Polymer Models....Pages 187-190
Recovery of Glassy Polymers....Pages 191-194
Relaxations in Polymers....Pages 195-198
Sensors and Transducers....Pages 199-203
Slow crack growth and fracture....Pages 204-207
Slow Crack Growth and Fracture: Measurement Techniques....Pages 208-210
Standards for Polymer Testing....Pages 211-213
Strain Rate Effects....Pages 214-218
Stress and Strain....Pages 219-224
Structure-Property Relationships — Glassy Polymers....Pages 225-232
Structure-Property Relationships — Large Strain....Pages 233-237
Structure-Property Relationships — Rubbery Polymers....Pages 238-241
Tensile and Compressive Testing....Pages 242-247
Thermoplastics and Thermosets....Pages 248-248
Time-Temperature Equivalence....Pages 249-251
Torsion and Bend Tests....Pages 252-256
Toughening....Pages 257-259
Ultrasonic Techniques....Pages 260-264
Viscoelasticity....Pages 265-269
Wear....Pages 270-277
X-Ray Scattering Methods in the study of Polymer Deformation....Pages 278-280
Back Matter....Pages 286-301
Yield and Plastic Deformation....Pages 281-285
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