Ebook: Degradation of Implant Materials

This book reviews the current understanding of the mechanical, chemical and biological processes that are responsible for the degradation of a variety of implant materials. All 18 chapters will be written by internationally renowned experts to address both fundamental and practical aspects of research into the field. Different failure mechanisms such as corrosion, fatigue, and wear will be reviewed, together with experimental techniques for monitoring them, either in vitro or in vivo. Procedures for implant retrieval and analysis will be presented. A variety of biomaterials (stainless steels, titanium and its alloys, nitinol, magnesium alloys, polyethylene, biodegradable polymers, silicone gel, hydrogels, calcium phosphates) and medical devices (orthopedic and dental implants, stents, heart valves, breast implants) will be analyzed in detail. The book will serve as a broad reference source for graduate students and researchers studying biomedicine, corrosion, surface science, and electrochemistry.

This book focuses on degradation of biomaterials, which is one of the major considerations in their design, processing and use. It introduces the reader to the body environment and to the mechanical, chemical, electrochemical and biological processes that are responsible to the degradation of biomaterials. The outcomes of degradation are discussed in detail. Different failure mechanisms such as corrosion, fatigue, wear, infection and calcification are reviewed, together with experimental techniques for monitoring them. Procedures for implant retrieval and failure analysis are presented. The degradation of a wide spectrum of materials is reviewed, from several kinds of metals to various polymers and composites. A variety of medical devices is analyzed, including hip and knee prostheses, dental implants, permanent and absorbable stents, heart valves, inferior vena cava filters, breast implants, ophthalmic implants, intrauterine devices, and drug delivery devices.

All chapters are written by world renowned experts. Thus, this book is a must-have for anyone wanting to become familiar with this area, including scientists, engineers, implant manufacturers, and venture capitalists. This book will be valuable for materials, mechanical, biomedical and corrosion engineers; biologists and doctors; chemists and electrochemists; surface scientists, and failure analysts.

This book focuses on degradation of biomaterials, which is one of the major considerations in their design, processing and use. It introduces the reader to the body environment and to the mechanical, chemical, electrochemical and biological processes that are responsible to the degradation of biomaterials. The outcomes of degradation are discussed in detail. Different failure mechanisms such as corrosion, fatigue, wear, infection and calcification are reviewed, together with experimental techniques for monitoring them. Procedures for implant retrieval and failure analysis are presented. The degradation of a wide spectrum of materials is reviewed, from several kinds of metals to various polymers and composites. A variety of medical devices is analyzed, including hip and knee prostheses, dental implants, permanent and absorbable stents, heart valves, inferior vena cava filters, breast implants, ophthalmic implants, intrauterine devices, and drug delivery devices.

All chapters are written by world renowned experts. Thus, this book is a must-have for anyone wanting to become familiar with this area, including scientists, engineers, implant manufacturers, and venture capitalists. This book will be valuable for materials, mechanical, biomedical and corrosion engineers; biologists and doctors; chemists and electrochemists; surface scientists, and failure analysts.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xii
Medical Implant Corrosion: Electrochemistry at Metallic Biomaterial Surfaces....Pages 1-28
Degradation of Titanium and Its Alloys....Pages 29-55
Degradation of Dental Implants....Pages 57-78
In Vivo Aging and Corrosion Aspects of Dental Implants....Pages 79-92
Biodegradable Metals....Pages 93-109
Degradable and Bioactive Synthetic Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering....Pages 111-137
Biodegradation of Calcium Phosphate Cement Composites....Pages 139-172
Enzyme-Promoted Degradation of Polymeric Matrices for Controlled Drug Delivery: Analytical Model and Numerical Simulations....Pages 173-194
Degradation of Bioceramics....Pages 195-252
Fundamentals of Tribology and the Use of Ferrography and Bio-Ferrography for Monitoring the Degradation of Natural and Artificial Joints....Pages 253-302
Fatigue Failure of Materials for Medical Devices....Pages 303-328
Hypersensitivity to Implant Debris....Pages 329-345
Implant Infections and Infection-Resistant Materials....Pages 347-357
Biomaterial Calcification: Mechanisms and Prevention....Pages 359-392
Orthopedic Implant Retrieval and Failure Analysis....Pages 393-447
The Use of Finite Element Analysis in Design, Life Prediction, and Failure Analysis of Biomaterials and Medical Devices....Pages 449-461
Biological Safety Evaluation of Polymers....Pages 463-479
Biological Responses to and Toxicity of Nanoscale Implant Materials....Pages 481-508
Back Matter....Pages 509-516

This book focuses on degradation of biomaterials, which is one of the major considerations in their design, processing and use. It introduces the reader to the body environment and to the mechanical, chemical, electrochemical and biological processes that are responsible to the degradation of biomaterials. The outcomes of degradation are discussed in detail. Different failure mechanisms such as corrosion, fatigue, wear, infection and calcification are reviewed, together with experimental techniques for monitoring them. Procedures for implant retrieval and failure analysis are presented. The degradation of a wide spectrum of materials is reviewed, from several kinds of metals to various polymers and composites. A variety of medical devices is analyzed, including hip and knee prostheses, dental implants, permanent and absorbable stents, heart valves, inferior vena cava filters, breast implants, ophthalmic implants, intrauterine devices, and drug delivery devices.

All chapters are written by world renowned experts. Thus, this book is a must-have for anyone wanting to become familiar with this area, including scientists, engineers, implant manufacturers, and venture capitalists. This book will be valuable for materials, mechanical, biomedical and corrosion engineers; biologists and doctors; chemists and electrochemists; surface scientists, and failure analysts.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xii
Medical Implant Corrosion: Electrochemistry at Metallic Biomaterial Surfaces....Pages 1-28
Degradation of Titanium and Its Alloys....Pages 29-55
Degradation of Dental Implants....Pages 57-78
In Vivo Aging and Corrosion Aspects of Dental Implants....Pages 79-92
Biodegradable Metals....Pages 93-109
Degradable and Bioactive Synthetic Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering....Pages 111-137
Biodegradation of Calcium Phosphate Cement Composites....Pages 139-172
Enzyme-Promoted Degradation of Polymeric Matrices for Controlled Drug Delivery: Analytical Model and Numerical Simulations....Pages 173-194
Degradation of Bioceramics....Pages 195-252
Fundamentals of Tribology and the Use of Ferrography and Bio-Ferrography for Monitoring the Degradation of Natural and Artificial Joints....Pages 253-302
Fatigue Failure of Materials for Medical Devices....Pages 303-328
Hypersensitivity to Implant Debris....Pages 329-345
Implant Infections and Infection-Resistant Materials....Pages 347-357
Biomaterial Calcification: Mechanisms and Prevention....Pages 359-392
Orthopedic Implant Retrieval and Failure Analysis....Pages 393-447
The Use of Finite Element Analysis in Design, Life Prediction, and Failure Analysis of Biomaterials and Medical Devices....Pages 449-461
Biological Safety Evaluation of Polymers....Pages 463-479
Biological Responses to and Toxicity of Nanoscale Implant Materials....Pages 481-508
Back Matter....Pages 509-516
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