Ebook: Nuclear Power and Energy Security

The basic logic is very simple. Countries around the globe have a need for more electrical generating capacity because of increases in population and increases in energy use per capita. The needs are constrained by the requirement that the ba- load energy source be economical, secure, and not emit climate-changing gases. Nuclear power fits this description. Therefore, many countries that have not had a nuclear power program (or only had a small program) see a need to develop one in the future. However, the development of a national nuclear energy program is not so simple. The purpose of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Nuclear Power and Energy Security was to contribute to our understanding of how these programs might evolve. The workshop took place 26–29 May 2009 in Yerevan, Armenia. Approximately 50 participants discussed the infrastructure that is needed and some of the reactor options that might be considered. The papers in this book helped define the discussion that took place. The infrastructure that is needed includes a legal framework, a functioning regulator, a plan for waste disposal, a plan for emergency response, etc. These needs were explained and just as importantly, it was explained what international, bilateral, and regional cooperation is available. Although there were many co- tries represented, the Armenian experience was of particular interest because of where the meeting was located. The papers on reactor options covered both innovative and evolutionary designs.

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World energy consumption has grown dramatically over the past few decades. This growth in energy demand will be driven by large increases in both economic growth and world population coupled with rising living standards in rapidly growing countries. The last years, we routinely hear about a "renaissance" of nuclear energy. The recognition that nuclear power is vital to global energy security in the 21st century has been growing for some time.

"The more we look to the future, the more we can expect countries to be considering the potential benefits that expanding nuclear power has to offer for the global environment and for economic growth," IAEA Director General Mohamed ElBaradei said in advance of a gathering of 500 nuclear power experts assembled in Moscow for the "International Conference on Fifty Years of Nuclear Power - the Next Fifty Years".

But such a renaissance is not a single-valued and sure thing. Legitimate four unresolved questions remain about high relative costs; perceived adverse safety, environmental, and health effects; potential security risks stemming from proliferation; and unresolved challenges in long-term management of nuclear wastes. Failure to answer these questions adequately could imperil the nuclear revival so many have proclaimed is night. This proceeding examines the status and future of nuclear power because of a belief that this technology is an important option for the regional and the world countries to meet the future energy needs without emitting carbon dioxide and other atmospheric pollutants. The objectives, addressed to government, industry, and academic leaders, discusses the interrelated technical, economic, environmental and political challenges facing a significant increase in the global nuclear power utilization over the next half century and what might be done to overcome those challenges.

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World energy consumption has grown dramatically over the past few decades. This growth in energy demand will be driven by large increases in both economic growth and world population coupled with rising living standards in rapidly growing countries. The last years, we routinely hear about a "renaissance" of nuclear energy. The recognition that nuclear power is vital to global energy security in the 21st century has been growing for some time.

"The more we look to the future, the more we can expect countries to be considering the potential benefits that expanding nuclear power has to offer for the global environment and for economic growth," IAEA Director General Mohamed ElBaradei said in advance of a gathering of 500 nuclear power experts assembled in Moscow for the "International Conference on Fifty Years of Nuclear Power - the Next Fifty Years".

But such a renaissance is not a single-valued and sure thing. Legitimate four unresolved questions remain about high relative costs; perceived adverse safety, environmental, and health effects; potential security risks stemming from proliferation; and unresolved challenges in long-term management of nuclear wastes. Failure to answer these questions adequately could imperil the nuclear revival so many have proclaimed is night. This proceeding examines the status and future of nuclear power because of a belief that this technology is an important option for the regional and the world countries to meet the future energy needs without emitting carbon dioxide and other atmospheric pollutants. The objectives, addressed to government, industry, and academic leaders, discusses the interrelated technical, economic, environmental and political challenges facing a significant increase in the global nuclear power utilization over the next half century and what might be done to overcome those challenges.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xvi
Iaea Activities In Support Of Countries Considering Embarking On Nuclear Power Programme....Pages 1-8
Creating a National Nuclear Regulatory Authority....Pages 9-12
Building Safeguards Infrastructure....Pages 13-18
Regulatory Challenges Related to The Licensing of a New Nuclear Power Plant....Pages 19-22
Infrastructure Development Through Civil Nuclear Cooperation....Pages 23-26
Nuclear Safety Infrastructure....Pages 37-44
Upgrading Nuclear Regulatory Infrastructure in Armenia....Pages 45-52
Seven Principles of Highly Effective Nuclear Energy Programs....Pages 53-62
Nuclear Safety and Energy Security....Pages 63-67
Nuclear Energy and Social Impact....Pages 69-77
The Role of Nuclear Power in the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions....Pages 79-88
Nuclear Energy & Energy Security....Pages 89-92
Overview of the Electricity Market of Estonia and the Plausibility of Nuclear Energy Production....Pages 93-100
The Role of Small And Medium Reactors in the Energy Security of a Country, Iris Example....Pages 101-108
Status Report on the Safety of Operating US Nuclear Power Plants (why Experts Believe that Today'S Operating Nuclear Power Reactors are Much Safer than they Were 20 Years Ago)....Pages 109-119
Nato-Astec-Matrix—Research Environment, Information Sharing and Mc&A....Pages 121-126
Establishing Control Over Nuclear Materials and Radiation Sources in Georgia....Pages 127-131
Nuclear Energy in Armenia History, Problems, Possibilities and Outlook....Pages 133-142
Development of Nuclear Energy in Armenia....Pages 143-146
Some Neutron Absorbing Elements and Devices For Fast Nuclear Reactors Regulation Systems....Pages 147-155
Development of Design of a Radioisotope Switchable Neutron Source and New Portable Detector of Smuggling....Pages 157-165
New Designs of Medium Power Vver Reactor Plants....Pages 167-179
National Assessment Study in Armenia Using Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel Cycles Methodology for an Innovative Nuclear Systems in a Country with Small Grid....Pages 181-196
Candle Reactor: an Option for Simple, Safe, High Nuclear Proliferation Resistant, Small Waste and Efficient Fuel use Reactor....Pages 197-204
Emissions of the Corrosion Radionuclides in an Atmosphere....Pages 205-210
Iaea Support For Operating Nuclear Reactors....Pages 211-220
The Solid Coolant and Prospects of its use in Innovative Reactors....Pages 221-224
Innovation Projects of Atomic Energy Institute of National Nuclear Center Rk in the Area of Peaceful use of Atomic Energy....Pages 225-234
Innovative Designs of Nuclear Reactors....Pages 235-246
Development of Devices For Handling with Bn-350 Radioactive Waste....Pages 247-254
Institutional Support to the Nuclear Power Based on Transportable Installations....Pages 255-260
International Cooperation and Security in the Field of Nuclear Energy in Armenia....Pages 261-274
Applied Model of Through-Wall Crack of Coolant Vessels of Vver-Type Reactors....Pages 275-280
Back Matter....Pages 281-282

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World energy consumption has grown dramatically over the past few decades. This growth in energy demand will be driven by large increases in both economic growth and world population coupled with rising living standards in rapidly growing countries. The last years, we routinely hear about a "renaissance" of nuclear energy. The recognition that nuclear power is vital to global energy security in the 21st century has been growing for some time.

"The more we look to the future, the more we can expect countries to be considering the potential benefits that expanding nuclear power has to offer for the global environment and for economic growth," IAEA Director General Mohamed ElBaradei said in advance of a gathering of 500 nuclear power experts assembled in Moscow for the "International Conference on Fifty Years of Nuclear Power - the Next Fifty Years".

But such a renaissance is not a single-valued and sure thing. Legitimate four unresolved questions remain about high relative costs; perceived adverse safety, environmental, and health effects; potential security risks stemming from proliferation; and unresolved challenges in long-term management of nuclear wastes. Failure to answer these questions adequately could imperil the nuclear revival so many have proclaimed is night. This proceeding examines the status and future of nuclear power because of a belief that this technology is an important option for the regional and the world countries to meet the future energy needs without emitting carbon dioxide and other atmospheric pollutants. The objectives, addressed to government, industry, and academic leaders, discusses the interrelated technical, economic, environmental and political challenges facing a significant increase in the global nuclear power utilization over the next half century and what might be done to overcome those challenges.

Content:
Front Matter....Pages i-xvi
Iaea Activities In Support Of Countries Considering Embarking On Nuclear Power Programme....Pages 1-8
Creating a National Nuclear Regulatory Authority....Pages 9-12
Building Safeguards Infrastructure....Pages 13-18
Regulatory Challenges Related to The Licensing of a New Nuclear Power Plant....Pages 19-22
Infrastructure Development Through Civil Nuclear Cooperation....Pages 23-26
Nuclear Safety Infrastructure....Pages 37-44
Upgrading Nuclear Regulatory Infrastructure in Armenia....Pages 45-52
Seven Principles of Highly Effective Nuclear Energy Programs....Pages 53-62
Nuclear Safety and Energy Security....Pages 63-67
Nuclear Energy and Social Impact....Pages 69-77
The Role of Nuclear Power in the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions....Pages 79-88
Nuclear Energy & Energy Security....Pages 89-92
Overview of the Electricity Market of Estonia and the Plausibility of Nuclear Energy Production....Pages 93-100
The Role of Small And Medium Reactors in the Energy Security of a Country, Iris Example....Pages 101-108
Status Report on the Safety of Operating US Nuclear Power Plants (why Experts Believe that Today'S Operating Nuclear Power Reactors are Much Safer than they Were 20 Years Ago)....Pages 109-119
Nato-Astec-Matrix—Research Environment, Information Sharing and Mc&A....Pages 121-126
Establishing Control Over Nuclear Materials and Radiation Sources in Georgia....Pages 127-131
Nuclear Energy in Armenia History, Problems, Possibilities and Outlook....Pages 133-142
Development of Nuclear Energy in Armenia....Pages 143-146
Some Neutron Absorbing Elements and Devices For Fast Nuclear Reactors Regulation Systems....Pages 147-155
Development of Design of a Radioisotope Switchable Neutron Source and New Portable Detector of Smuggling....Pages 157-165
New Designs of Medium Power Vver Reactor Plants....Pages 167-179
National Assessment Study in Armenia Using Innovative Nuclear Reactors and Fuel Cycles Methodology for an Innovative Nuclear Systems in a Country with Small Grid....Pages 181-196
Candle Reactor: an Option for Simple, Safe, High Nuclear Proliferation Resistant, Small Waste and Efficient Fuel use Reactor....Pages 197-204
Emissions of the Corrosion Radionuclides in an Atmosphere....Pages 205-210
Iaea Support For Operating Nuclear Reactors....Pages 211-220
The Solid Coolant and Prospects of its use in Innovative Reactors....Pages 221-224
Innovation Projects of Atomic Energy Institute of National Nuclear Center Rk in the Area of Peaceful use of Atomic Energy....Pages 225-234
Innovative Designs of Nuclear Reactors....Pages 235-246
Development of Devices For Handling with Bn-350 Radioactive Waste....Pages 247-254
Institutional Support to the Nuclear Power Based on Transportable Installations....Pages 255-260
International Cooperation and Security in the Field of Nuclear Energy in Armenia....Pages 261-274
Applied Model of Through-Wall Crack of Coolant Vessels of Vver-Type Reactors....Pages 275-280
Back Matter....Pages 281-282
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